• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.153-172
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• 2005

This study develops an exploratory model to evaluate the relationship between origins of corporate competencies and business performance, which targets small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Taiwan, analyzes 36 competence items in four functional dimensions: marketing, product design and development, manufacturing, and human resources management. The results from 760 valid samples from managers of Taiwan's SMEs reveal that in marketing competence and manufacturing competence were ranked high by Taiwan's SMEs managers. Elements contributed to manufacturing competence regarding reducing the number of suppliers has not been emphasized by Taiwan's SMEs managers. At the very top of the prevailing management competitive priority list are: (1) product or service quality, (2) timely delivery, (3) quality control improvement during the process, (4) increasing reliability of transportation, (5) introduction of new concepts and continuous improvement, and (6) improving after-sale services. The four competence dimensions are found highly correlated to business performance, which reflects the policy adjustments that Taiwan's small and medium-sized enterprises have made in the changing business environment to respond to the global market.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.211-218
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• 2011

Although the disaster management of Korea such as mitigation of disasters, preparedness for them and recovery from them. It should be considered based on the failures of the disaster management and the past experimental knowledge, it is believed that the repetitive occurrence of similar disasters is caused by absence of learning of disaster management organizational. That is, non-learning of the management organs due to experimental errors indicates that the organization themselves are not able to adjust to environment and the same kinds of disasters may happen in the future. Therefore, this study identifies repetitive failures by analysing reasons of the failures in terms of organizational learning in order to prevent from repetition of similar failures, and presents suggestions on the policy of disaster management. For the purposes, it carries both bibliographical analysis and case analysis. this study targets Daegu Subway Fire in 2003.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.462-467
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• 2010

This paper uses MPI (Malmquist Production Index) method to provide basic information and policy direction derived to improve the productivity. This can identify whether or not the railroad service have excellent services, if there are structural problem, in which sector is experiencing a degree of productivity, in which sector should be set targets to some degree. According to the result, the productivity of Korea railway lines is measured 1.1 both publicity and profitability aspects. Changes in production technology were the most important causes. Strategic planning should consider to increase the productivity such as modernization of facilities and equipment, cost savings, and increase in productivity of employee and rail cars.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.150-159
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• 2014

Since the release of mid-term domestic GHG goals until 2020, in 2009, some various GHG reduction policies have been proposed. There are two types of modeling approaches for identifying options required to meet greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement targets and assessing their economic impacts: top-down and bottom-up models. Examples of the bottom-up optimization models include MARKAL, MESSAGE, LEAP, and AIM, all of which are developed based on linear programming (LP) with a few differences in user interface and database utilization. In this paper, we suggest a simplified LP formulation and how can build it through step-by-step procedures.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.385-396
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• 2016

It is a fact that the existing pharmacological research method is difficult to explain the effect and mechanism of action of herbal formula of Korean medicine. We are now very pleased with the development of modern science and the development of a methodology for studying herbal formula characterized by network targets and multi-component therapeutics over the human body. In this review, systems pharmacology or network pharmacology is demonstrated how these are applied to explain the effectiveness of herbal medicine. The post-genomic era provides a unique opportunity for the two fields to understand and benefit from each other. In particular, recent research trends, research methodology, useful databases and results of research on herbal formula are introduced. China already has a policy of scientific development of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) and the development of Chinese medicine industry with a focus on herbal formula research at national level, and in Korea, it is urgent to support and nurture the methodology appropriate to the characteristics of the herbal formula in order to study the safety and efficacy of Korean medicine.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

The International air transportation industry provides a vital communication link which brings prosperity to many states in our modern age. This invaluable link has been threatened by terrorism. Airlines have been one of the most attractive targets in the eyes of terrorists for several reasons, including particularly the international and symbolic nature of aviation, and the potential of multigovernmental involvement which can inevitably generate wide publicity. Terrorist attacks against civil aviation have been committed since the earliest days of civil aviation history. The first attack against civil aircraft dates back to the early 1930s. Since then, aircraft hijacking and other forms of attack against air transport operations have become one of the most serious challenges to the safety of flying. In recent years, a new form of threats against civil aviation has appeared. Man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) in the hands of criminals, terrorists, and other non-state actors pose a serious potential threat to passenger air travel, the commercial aviation industry, and military aircraft around the world. The purpose of this study is to provide some countermeasures against such attacks. In order to foster a better understanding of the problem, an introduction of MANPADS and a brief history of attacks using MANPADS are presented. It also examines the level of threats, trends of attacks using MANPADS and the possible countermeasures to be taken by the international community.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.483-495
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the current situation of IMC strategies of Korean fashion brands which enter into Chinese market and to propose the efficient IMC strategies. Twenty Korean fashion brands which enter into Chinese market were selected and in-depth interviews with the managers were conducted. First, advertising is focused on magazines, and outdoor advertising, advertising in departments' magazines, distributing catalogs, and star marketing are performed in some cases. Brands often execute sales promotion activities such as price deduction, offering coupons, and presenting gifts. PR activities like events and sponsorship marketing which targets uncertain public or loyal customers are performed. PPL is conducted passively though it can be very effective. CRM is not operated systematically and customer management is conducted through tele-marketing and direct mail by shop managers. Web sites of brands have insufficient contents and are operated ineffectively. VMD follows brand's basic policy, but in cases of agents whose copyrights are transferred or branches which are place in areas where managing them is hard, shop managers operate their stores by themselves. Finally, because of socialistic consciousness, the perception about service of sales people is lacked.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-31
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• 2013

The children of sex workers in Bangladesh are denied even the most basic human rights. This article is based on recent research focused on the children of sex workers in the context of their everyday lives. The study focused on access to education and how education could be a vehicle for them to break the vicious cycle of exploitation. This was a mixed method interpretative study which employed qualitative and quantitative approaches, but in this paper only qualitative data which was generated through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions is used. Data was collected from sex workers, their children, teachers and NGO workers who participated in the study. Information has been collected for analysing the expectation of the children of sex workers and hope for the future, and the opportunities available to them during their schooling. Thematic analysis technique was used to understand the challenges and barriers faced by the children of sex workers in fulfilling their educational aspirations. The lives of the children of sex workers are marginalised by the mainstream society. Though it is very difficult to break the vicious cycle of exploitation, this research finds that education may be a stepping stone for them to create a better future. However, it is argued that the children of sex workers need income generating vocational and technical education to enable them to earn and support their family. Policy recommendations have been made in order to achieve Education For All targets and Millennium Development Goals, and to provide a second chance for these vulnerable young people to have a better life.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.277-299
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• 2014

Climate negotiations have been going on for the last two decades and the awareness for impacts of climate change has improved substantially. However, the trends of global $CO_2$ emissions did not reveal any encouraging signs, with developing countries emitting even more $CO_2$ and industrialized nations showing no signs of reducing emissions to below their 1990 levels. In order to meet the ambitious targets set by the Stern report for the next two decades, it is important to find new and path-breaking approaches to climate change. This paper attempts to analyze the use of carbon/development space historically, at present and in the future with a focus on equity. Trends analysis focuses on the last two decades (Post Rio) and the carbon budget based analysis considers a period of 1850-2050. Industrialized countries are found to have significantly overshot their budgeted allocation for the last 160 years. Both the developing and industrialized countries are overshooting the present budget estimates based on world per capita budget for the next forty years and proportional to the population of each country. It is important for the industrialized countries to bring down their emissions to meet their carbon budgets while the developing countries use their development space as a guideline for their development path. Furthermore, this paper presents aggressive and regressive scenarios for the industrialized countries to compensate for the climate debt they have created.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.345-352
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• 2021

Guided by a resource-based theory, this study is the first one that takes a quantitative approach to identify determinants of competitiveness of women-owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. The study employs time series data of Vietnamese SMEs extracted from the Vietnam Small and Medium Enterprises Survey conducted biennially from 2005 to 2015 in ten Vietnamese provinces. Firm competitiveness hereby is indicated by revenue, market share, profitability, and export volume. The research reveals a number of determining factors, of all, research and development, labor skills, business environment, technology investment are the most important factors, followed by capital and headcount. It is indicated that the determining factors have different influences on competitiveness obtained by different measurements. Therefore, it is based on specific targets and situations to make wise business decisions. The authors also make comparisons among groups of women-owned enterprises divided by their firm age, location, ownership, export, age, and educational background of business owners. The findings serve as critical empirical evidence and provide policy recommendations for improving the competitiveness of women-owned SMEs in Vietnam. The recommendations range from technology support, education and professional support for female entrepreneurs, access to capital and human resources to business environment improvement.