• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.57-73
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• 2008

This short paper considers the situation where an environmental policy could play a source of an exogenous background risk at an individual's wealth and analyzes the effect of such a background risk on the individual's decision making in a simple chance-improving model. Our analysis shows that risks at initial wealth generated by an environmental policy could be regarded as an exogenous background risk in many cases and that such a risk makes a risk averse person behave more risk aversely in some restricted decision making situations. A policy maker considering an environmental policy which would affect individuals' initial wealth should take into account that the environmental policy could affect an individual's seemingly irrelevant economics decisions via his or her wealth.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.367-377
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• 2006

This paper develops a periodic preventive maintenance(PM) policy following the expiration of warranty. Two types of warranty are considered: renewing warranty and non-renewing warranty. Also, we consider the situation where each PM cost is an increasing function of the PM effect. We determine the optimal number of PM's before replacing the system by a new one and the optimal length of period for the periodic PM following the expiration of warranty. Explicit solutions to determine the optimal periodic PM are presented for the Weibull distribution case.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.13-30
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the qualitative and quantitative effects of environmental policies in terms of green space management using logistic regression model(LRM). Landsat satellite imageries in 1985, 1992, 2000, 2008, and 2015 are classified using a hybrid-classification method. Based on these classified maps, logistic regression model having a deforestation tendency of the past is built. Binary green space change map is used for the dependent variable and four explanatory variables are used: distance from green space, distance from settlements, elevation, and slope. The green space map of 2008 and 2015 is predicted using the constructed model. The conservation effect of Ulsan's environmental policies is quantified through the numerical comparison of green area between the predicted and real data. Time-series analysis of green space showed that restoration and destruction of green space are highly related to human activities rather than natural land transition. The effect of green space management policy was spatially-explicit and brought a significant increase in green space. Furthermore, as a result of quantitative analysis, Ulsan's environmental policy had effects of conserving and restoring 111.75㎢ and 175.45㎢ respectively for the periods of eight and fifteen years. Among four variables, slope was the most determinant factor that accounts for the destruction of green space in the city. This study presents logistic regression model as a way of evaluating the effect of environmental policies that have been practiced in the city. It has its significance in that it allows us a comprehensive understanding of the effect by considering every direct and indirect effect from other domains, such as air and water, on green space. We conclude discussing practicability of implementing environmental policy in terms of green space management with the focus on a non-statutory plan.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.115-134
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• 2020

Purpose - International trade leads to the international division of labor, improving the efficiency of the global economic system. Transport costs are a more serious barrier to international trade than customs tariffs. An increase in competition in the transport sector may thus lead to a reduction in transport costs. However, if a carrier's nationality significantly influences transport costs, simply adding more competing carriers of different nationalities would be ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to establish national or regional carriers to influence competition and reduce transport costs. This study investigates this "nationality effect" by treating Hanjin Shipping's collapse as a natural experiment. Design/methodology - The theoretical basis of this study is the 3rd-degree price discrimination in container shipping market. By using the monthly data of container freight rates of Korea, China and Japan, this study shows the so-called Korea Premiums, which are the empirical counterparts of nationality effect in Korea container shipping market. For this empirical investigation, the structural model with state-space form is used and the dummy models are also estimated. In addition, because China has been also affected by the Hanjin's collapse, the China premiums are considered too. Findings - Compared with Japan's case, it is shown that there had been the so-called Korea premiums since the collapse of Hanjin Shipping. These results are robust from both the state-space model and dummy models. The time pattern of Korea premiums was consistent with the market evolution, especially the pattern of substitutability in container shipping markets. In addition, this paper shows the magnitude of Korea premiums. Originality/value - The argument of this study that the nationality effect can be interpreted as an extended concept of the home market effect is original, which is expected to evoke future research efforts. Further, the discussion on the shipping industrial policy from both horizontal and vertical aspects will provide the relevant policy makers with solid information, especially for the policy coordination in a global scale.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1594-1602
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• 2012

This study has focused on analyzing the changes of increasing sales and potential growth by different scales of support with funds through effect analysis on governmental policy loan. It provided significant findings for the further governmental policy loan since it conducted the performance analysis of different business respectively, which included business with the governmental policy loan and ones without any loan.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.555-580
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• 2004

We analyzed the effect of 6-month lagged number portability policy and introduction of common number among carriers on Korean mobile market. Our result shows that the policy change contributed to both the increase in number of mobile subscribers and decrease in dominant carrier's market share. We found that unified prefix among mobile operators is more effective than the lagged number portability policy. The carriers' profit, however, decreased a lot due to excessive marketing expenditure. We also estimated market shares of carriers up to year 2005 when full number portability policy is adopted. The results show that dominant carrier's monopolistic power will be recovered by the end of 2005 implying government's number policy itself cannot guarantee the effective competition in Korean mobile market.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.143-162
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• 2018

This paper focuses on the policy framework about "Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE)" of Japan, and analyzes reasons why the policy goal was not reached. The QQE was introduced by the Bank of Japan in 2013 with the purpose of meeting the price stability target of 2% and getting out of deflation that prevents sustained price decline. However, despite the implementation of the bold monetary easing policy unprecedented in the world, the policy goal was not achieved as of June 2018. As a result of analyzing the causes, the following three structural factors were confirmed. 1) The rise in prices by QQE was limited because Japan's consumer price is strongly depending on import price. 2) The effect is high degree of uncertainty and limited because theoretical framework of reflationist which adopted QQE depends on "expectation formation" by "self-fulfilling expectation" and "multiple equilibria". 3) It was confirmed that the expansion of the monetary base did not lead to money stock due to the existence of Japanese liquidity trap, long-term low interest rate policy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.171-182
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• 2015

The economic effects of sewage and wastewater treatment service (SWTS) sector on other sectors have been rarely investigated in the literature. This paper attempts to apply an inter-industry analysis to looking into the economic effects of the SWTS sector. To this end, the most recently published 2012 input-output table is used here. In particular, the SWTS sector is specified as exogeneous to identify the economic effects of the SWTS sector on other sectors. Production-inducing effect, value-added creation effect, and employment-inducing effect are quantified based on demand-driven model. Supply shortage effect and price pervasive effect are also analyzed employing supply-driven model and Leontief price model, respectively. The results show that production-inducing effect and value-added creation effect of a unit of investment or production in SWTS sector are estimated to be 1.7076 and 0.7392, respectively. The employment-inducing effect of one billion of investment or production in the SWTS sector is computed to be 11.0498 persons. The shortage effect of the SWTS sector amounts to 0.8417 won. The overall price effect of the 10% increase in the price of SWTS sector is calculated to be 0.0115%. This quantitative information can be utilized in predicting the economic effects of the SWTS sector-related activities or policy-making.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.41-61
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• 2010

The Korean government's support towards the establishment of leading research hubs at universities began with the initiation of the Science/ Engineering Research Center in 1990. Such efforts to provide support to research organizations have continued for some twenty years in various forms, which implies that building research hubs was critical in acquiring global leadership in research. However, the effect of such research hub nurturing policies has never been properly evaluated, apart from an assessment of their validity. Therefore, this paper analyzes how major programs to form research groups by providing assistance to joint research by researchers at universities are operated, and the characteristics of such programs through comparative analysis with other programs. There are two major focal points in the analysis: the first is the evaluation of the level of differentiation between Research Organization Support Programs (ROP) and other R&D Programs from an efficiency perspective, and the second is an examination of the extent of systematization of research organizations that exist at universities and impact of Research Organization Support Programs on the activities of participating professors from an effectiveness perspective. The result showed that the ROP were no longer only relevant for the formation and maintenance of research groups. Other R&D Programs are growing increasingly larger in scale and conducted over longer periods of time. Thus, the ROP can no longer be differentiated from other programs in research period and size of funding. An analysis on the effect of ROP demonstrated that all activities by participating professors in organizations that were the beneficiaries of group research assistance were more active compared to their counterparts in organizations that received other research support, but there was little difference in the elements of systematization. This implies that the joint research conducted at universities is not systematized and that it is still research based on individual themes but conducted jointly. In addition, it also means that the ROP is failing to effectively lead the systematization of research. In other words, today, university research organizations are not operated as independent, long-term bodies, but are more relevant as a combination of research units of individual professors.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.95-110
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• 2018

The game industry has grown to represent the domestic cultural industry, but the socio-cultural status of the game is not as high as industrial growth. In the early 2000s, the problem of dysfunctional use of youth games became a social issue and the game culture policy was established for 15 years. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of policy on the prevention of dysfunction, The prevention of dysfunction of the game is somewhat effective, but the diffusion of positive function is insufficient and the improvement of recognition becomes more negative tendency. The effect is insufficient compared to the policy results. It is necessary to adjust the direction of game culture policy through consideration of securing basic data, post-management of policy, enhancement of cultural meaning, and universality of game culture.