• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2004년도 추계 학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.62-62
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• 2004

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2001년도 Proceedings of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
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• pp.163.1-163.1
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• 2001

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.1552-1563
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• 2016

본 연구는 양파의 불쾌치를 저감화시킨 무취음료와 양파 과피 추출물을 첨가한 생리활성 성분 강화음료의 $H_2O_2$로 유도된 산화적 스트레스에 대한 뇌신경세포 보호 효과와 $A{\beta}$로 유도된 인지기능 장애 동물모델에서의 개선 효과를 검증하고자 수행되었다. 뇌신경세포 보호 효과에서는 상대적으로 강화음료에서 무취음료 대비 우수한 산화적 스트레스 억제효과 및 생존율을 나타내었다. $A{\beta}$로 유도된 인지기능 장애 동물모델에 있어 Y-maze, passive avoidance 및 Morris water maze test에서 강화음료가 상대적으로 우수한 학습 및 기억력 개선 효과를 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마우스의 뇌 조직에서 강화음료 그룹은 AChE 활성을 저해하고, 신경전달물질인 ACh의 함량을 증가시킴으로써 $A{\beta}$로 유도된 cholinergic system 장애에 있어 개선 효과를 나타내었다. 또한, 마우스 뇌에서 SOD 함량의 증가, oxidized GSH/total GSH와 MDA 함량을 감소시킴으로써 $A{\beta}$와 같은 산화적 스트레스 인자에 대한 뛰어난 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 최종적으로 무취음료와 강화음료의 주요성분들을 Q-TOF UPLC/MS system을 통하여 분석한 결과, 강화음료의 경우 무취음료보다 생리활성을 가진 2개의 steroidal saponin과 6개의 phenolic 화합물 등이 추가 검출되었다. 이러한 결과들을 종합해볼 때 강화음료는 상대적으로 protocatechuic acid와 quercetin 같은 강력한 항산화 효과를 나타내는 phenolic 화합물과 steroidal saponin 계열에 의한 우수한 인지기능 개선 효과를 기반으로 한 고부가가치 식품으로 활용될 수 있는 산업적 가능성이 있다고 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2008

This experiment was performed to investigate the anxiolytic-like effects of cyclopeptide fraction alkaloids of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen (CFAZ), by using the experimental paradigms of anxiety, and compared with those of a known anxiolytic, diazepam. CFAZ (8.0 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the percentage of time spent on the open arms and the number of open arms entries in the elevated plus-maze test, increased the number of head dips in the hole-board test, and increased the percentage of center zone ambulatory time in the open-field box. However, CFAZ has no effect on the locomotor activity, while diazepam (2.0 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced locomotor activity. CFAZ did not influence the grip force in the grip strength meter test, either. From the molecular experiments, CFAZ increased chloride influx in cultured cerebellar granule cells. In addition, $GABA_A$ receptors $\gamma$-subunit were over-expressed by CFAZ in cultured cerebellar granule cells. It is concluded that CFAZ may have anxiolytic-like effects, and these effects may be mediated by $GABA_A$ receptors.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.144-148
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• 2017

Sulfites are used as food preservatives and excessive sulfite might disturb the body systems including the brain. Curcumin shows protective effects on the nervous system toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective role of curcumin in sulfite-induced anxiety in rats. Male rats were divided into five groups. The rats in groups I to V received distilled water (vehicle of sulfite, 1 mL/d), olive oil (vehicle of curcumin, 1 mL/d), curcumin (100 mg/kg/d), sulfite (25 mg/kg/d), and sulfite+curcumin, respectively, by daily gastric gavage for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks the rats were tested in the elevated plus-maze for anxiety. The results showed that concomitant treatment of curcumin during sulfite consumption prevented the reduction of the time spent in the open arm and entrance to the open arm (the indexes of anxiety). Besides, an increase was found in motor activity of the rats in the sulfite+curcumin group compared to the sulfite-treated animals. Exposure of sulfite in rats can induce anxiety, and curcumin can act as an anti-anxiety agent.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2007

Ginseng has been widely used for the management of anxiety and emotional instability, but there is little experimental evidence supporting these clinical applications. The anxiolytic-like effect of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide fractions of white (WG) and red ginsengs (RG) was investigated using the elevated plus-maze test. The saponin (SF) and polysaccharide (PF) fractions were orally administered to male ICR mice for 3 days and behavioral test for the anxiolytic activity were performed. SF significantly increased the time-spent open arms and number into the in the open arm entries. However, PF weakly increased the time-spent in the open arms, but did not increase number into the open ann entries. The WG showed more potent anxiolytic-like effect than that of RG. The anxiolytic-like activities were antagonized by flumazenil, but not by esmolol. These findings suggest the saponin fractions of WG and RG promote the anxiolytic-like activity by antagonizing GABN/benzodiazepine receptors in mice.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2019

Ketamine has long been used as an anesthetic agent. However, ketamine use is associated with numerous side effects, including flashbacks, amnesia, delirium, and aggressive or violent behavior. Ketamine has also been abused as a cocktail with ecstasy, cocaine, and methamphetamine. Several studies have investigated therapeutic applications of ketamine, demonstrating its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in both humans and rodents. We recently reported that neonatal maternal separation causes enhanced anxiety- and aggressive-like behaviors in adolescent. In the present study, we evaluated how acute and chronic ketamine administration affected the behavioral consequences of neonatal maternal separation in adolescent mice. Litters were separated from dams for 4 hours per day for 19 days beginning after weaning. Upon reaching adolescence (post-natal day 35-49), mice were acutely (single injection) or chronically (7 daily injections) treated with a sub-anesthetic dose (15 mg/kg) of ketamine. At least 1 h after administration of ketamine, mice were subjected to open-field, elevated-plus maze, and resident-intruder tests. We found that acute ketamine treatment reduced locomotor activity. In contrast, chronic ketamine treatment decreased anxiety, as evidenced by increased time spent on open arms in the elevated-plus maze, and remarkably reduced the number and duration of attacks. In conclusion, the present study suggests that ketamine has potential for the treatment of anxiety and aggressive or violent behaviors.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.212.1-212.1
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• 2003

The purpose of the this study was to characterize the putative anxiolytic-like effects of the aqueous extract of Albizzia julibrissin stem bark using the elevated plus maze (EPM) in rats. The water extract of Albizzia julibrissin was orally administered at 10, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg to adult male SD rats, 1 h before behavioral evaluation in an EPM, respectively. Control rats were treated with an equal volume of saline, and positive control rats buspirone (1 mg/kg). Single or repeated treatment (for 7 days) of the water extract of Albizzia julibrissin (at 100 or 200 mg/kg) significantly increased time-spent and arm entries into the open arms of the EPM, and decreased time-spent and arm entries in the closed arms of the EPM versus saline controls (P ＜ 0.05). (omitted)

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.18-32
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• 2013

목 적: 본 연구에서는 부인과의 흔한 질환인 갱년기 우울증의 모델로 반복적인 스트레스를 가한 난소적출 흰쥐를 설정하고 교감단이 쥐의 항우울 행동과 면역기능에 미치는 영향을 살표보고자 하였다. 방 법: 난소적출 흰쥐에 2주간 반복적인 스트레스를 주고, 교감단(100 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg)을 경구 투여한 후 행동검사로 Elevated plus maze, Forced swimming test를 실시하였고, 혈액검사로 혈청 corticosterone, IL-$1{\beta}$와 IL-4의 변화를 측정하였으며, 뇌내의 IL-$1{\beta}$와 IL-4의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과: 1. Elevated plus maze에서 교감단 100 mg/kg 투여군은 open arms에서의 보낸시간이 대조군에 비해서 차이가 없었으며, 교감단 400 mg/kg 투여군은 open arms에서 보낸 시간이 대조군에 비하여 증가되었으나 유의성은 없었다. 2. Elevated plus maze에서 교감단 100 mg/kg 투여군은 crossing 횟수가 대조군에 비하여 차이가 없었으며, 교감단 400 mg/kg 투여군은 crossing 횟수가 대조군에 비하여 늘어났으나 유의성은 없었다. 3. Forced swimming test에서 교감단 100 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg 투여군은 각각 대조군에 비해서 immobility 시간이 유의성 있게 감소하였다(p<0.01). 4. Corticosterone 측정에서 교감단 400 mg/kg을 투여한 후 Corticosterone 수준이 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 5. 혈청내 IL-$1{\beta}$와 IL-4 측정에서 교감단 투여군은 대조군에 비해 유의성 있는 감소나 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 6. 뇌내 IL-$1{\beta}$와 IL-4 측정에서 교감단 투여군은 대조군에 비해 유의성 있는 감소나 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론: 이상의 결과를 보면 교감단은 난소적출 흰쥐의 우울행동의 완화에 유의성 있는 결과를 나타내었으며, 불안 행동검사에서는 유효한 효과가 없었다. 혈청 corticosterone 측정에서 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내어 항우울효과를 나타내었으나, 면역기능에 작용하는 유의성 있는 결과는 관찰되지 않았다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.85-105
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to characterize the neuroprotective effects and anxiolytic-like effects of Gongjin-dan and Polygala japonica, Polygala tenuifolia, Acorus gramineus mixed pills(G.J.D-P.P.A.). Methods : The neuroprotective effects of G.J.D-P.P.A. determined by the passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks and Morris water maze task, and the anxiolytic-like effects of the G.J.D-P.P.A. using an elevated plus-maze(EPM) in mice. Results : Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine(1 mg/kg, i.p.). A single G.J.D-P.P.A.(400 and 800 mg/kg) administration significantly enhanced cognitive function and attenuated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments as determined by the passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks(P < 0.05) and also reduced escape-latency on the Morris water maze task(P < 0.05). The administration of GJD-PPA(400 and 800 mg/kg) significantly increased the percentage of time spent in open arms and entries into the open arms of the EPM compared with saline-treated control group(P < 0.05). Moreover, there were no changes in the locomotor activity and myorelaxant effects in any group compared with saline-treated control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that GJD-PPA dramatically possesses the anti-amnestic and cognitive-enhancing activities related to the memory processes, and promotes the anxiolytic-like activity in mice.