• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.93-102
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• 2016

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) system, bi-direction power trading technology, enables drivers possessing electric vehicle to sell the spare electricity charged in the vehicle to power distribution company. The drivers gain profit by charging electricity in the day time of high electricity rate. In this regard, the government is preparing the policies of building and supporting V2G infrastructure and demanding the potential consumers' preference for the V2G system. This paper attempts to analyze the consumers' preference using the data from obtained a survey of randomly selected 1,000 individuals. To this end, choice experiment, an economic technique, is employed here. The attributes considered in the study are residual amount of electricity, electricity trading hours, required plug-in time, and price measured as an amount additional to current gasoline vehicle price. The multinomial logit model, which requires the assumption of 'independence of irrelevant alternatives', is applied but the assumption could not be satisfied in our data. Thus, we finally utilized nested logit model which does not require the assumption. All the parameter estimates in the utility function are statistically significant at the 10% level. The estimation results show that the marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) for one hour increase in electricity trading hours is estimated to be KRW 1,601,057. On the other hand, a one percent reduction in residual amount of electricity and one hour reduction in required plug-in time in V2G system are computed to be KRW -91,911 and -470,619, respectively. The findings can provide policy makers with useful information for decision-making about introducing and managing V2G system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.84.2-84.2
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• 2015

Growing market of electric vehicles such as hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and bare electric vehicles in the world is accelerating the significance of Li-ion batteries as a renewable green energy. According to such market flow, the developing components such as cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator, composing the Li-ion batteries, is significantly important tasks for the commercialization. In particular, development of the cathode material having high capacity and stable thermal stability is essential for long-distance electric vehicle in the near future. Herein we introduce various applications of Li-ion batteries such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage system, and also its research trend, in particular on the cathode materials.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1855-1860
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• 2010

Electric vehicles have reached a new level of development with introductions by Chrysler, Ford, Honda and Toyota. Today's charging technology includes conductive and inductive charging systems. There are three standardized charging levels: Level 1: charging can be done from a standard, grounded AC 120V, 3-prong outlet available in all homes; Level 2: charging is at AC 240V, 40 amp charging station with special consumer features to make it easy and convenient to plug in and charge EVs at home or at an EV charging station; Level 3: a high-powered charging "fast charge" technology currently under development that will provide a charge in less than 15 minutes. The incoming AC power is converted to DC and stored in the vehicle's batteries. In this paper, we investigated the application of urban railway DC electric power for electric car charging system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.278-287
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• 2009

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) with capability of being recharged from the power-grid will reduce oil consumption. Also, the PHEV will affect the utility operations by adding additional electricity demand for charging. In this research, the power-grid impact by demand of PHEV charging is presented and the optimal charging control strategy for utility operators is proposed with simulated data. The penetration of PHEV is assumed to be 50% in the circumstances of Korean passenger car market and Korean power-grid market limitedly. To obtain smooth load shape and utilize the surplus electricity in power-grid at midnight and dawn, the peak of charging demand should be controlled to be located before 4:00 a.m., and the time slot which can supply the electricity power to PHEV should be allowed between 1:00 a.m.$\sim$7:00 a.m.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1092-1096
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• 2011

The "standard regulation" of the vehicles from "urban transit law" are being adopted to electric multiple unit in domestic. In the standard regulation, there are two types for EMU. One is heavy EMU for Seoul. The other is large EMU for Pusan, Daegu, Gwangju, Daejeon, Incheon. Korea Railroad Research Institute, with the assistance of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, "advanced EMU development project" are progressed, and 6th year started at September, one unit to six cars is completed. Now "urban transit vehicle performance tests are on the current progress. The main characteristics of AUTS(Advanced Urban Transit System) are as follows. One inverter control one motor, DDM(Dircet Drive Motor), no driving gear, plug door and steps, mounting and maintenance costs down, passenger convenience improvement. This paper describes the key features the next generation EMU, and performance test results, and the commercial success method of national R&D business.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.298-299
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• 2011

The impacts of EV charging demands on power system such as increased peak demands may be developed by means of modeling a stochastic distribution of charging and a demand dispatch calculation. Optimization processes are proposed to determine optimal demand distribution portions so that charging costs and demands can be managed optimally. There are two optimization methods which have different effects on the outcome. These focus either on the Electric vehicle customer side (cost optimization) or the System Operator side (Load-weighted optimization).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.947_948
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• 2009

In an attempt to minimize the air pollution caused by CO2, $NO_X$x, and $SO_X$ and the fuel cost, the auto industries and researchers recently are looking into replacing the diesel and gasoline cars with hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in electric vehicles, or battery powered electrical vehicles. This paper reports the technical status of the primary components such as batteries, motors, power control units and auxiliary parts to be used for electric vehicles.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.528-535
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• 2013

Most eco-friendly cars can adopt the concept of an integrated battery charger (IBC), which uses currently available motor drive systems. The IBC has a lot of strong points such as low cost and minimum space for the high voltage battery charger. On the other hand, it also has some defects caused by its structure. In this paper, the shortcomings of the conventional IBC for PHEVs with interior permanent magnet motors are discussed, and two advanced IBCs with improved performance are presented. Compared with the conventional IBC, the two advanced IBCs have plenty of strengths such as low common noise, high efficiency, simple sensing methods, etc. Then, the digital control algorithm is modified and a power loss calculation is carried out with simulation software. Finally, experimental results are provided to show the performance of the IBC systems.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2022

Plug-in Hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) show great potential to reduce gas emission, improve fuel efficiency and offer more driving range flexibility. Moreover, PHEV help to preserve the eco-system, climate changes and reduce the high demand for fossil fuels. To address this; some basic components and energy resources have been used, such as batteries and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells (FCs). However, the FC remains unsatisfactory in terms of power density and response. In light of the above, an electric storage system (ESS) seems to be a promising solution to resolve this issue, especially when it comes to the transient phase. In addition to the FC, a storage system made-up of an ultra-battery UB is proposed within this paper. The association of the FC and the UB lead to the so-called Fuel Cell Battery Electric Vehicle (FCBEV). The energy consumption model of a FCBEV has been built considering the power losses of the fuel cell, electric motor, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery, and brakes. To do so, the implementing a reinforcement-learning energy management strategy (EMS) has been carried out and the fuel cell efficiency has been optimized while minimizing the hydrogen fuel consummation per 100km. Within this paper the adopted approach over numerous driving cycles of the FCBEV has shown promising results.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.152-160
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• 2011

The electromagnetic characteristics of FCEVs (fuel cell electric vehicles) are much different from the existing combustion engine cars as well as hybrid, plug-in-hybrid, and pure electric vehicles due to the high voltage/current generated by a fuel cell stack which uses a compressed hydrogen gas reacted with oxygen. To operate fuel cell stack efficiently, BOP (Balance of Plant) which is consisted of many motors in water pump, air blower, and hydrogen recycling pump as well as inverters for these motors is essential. Furthermore, there are also electric systems for entertainment, information, and vehicle control such as navigation, broadcasting, vehicle dynamic control systems, and so on. Since these systems are connected by high voltage or general cables, EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility) analysis for high voltage and general cable of FCEV is the most important element to prevent the possible electric functional safety errors. In this paper, electromagnetic fields by high voltage and general cables for FCEVs is studied. From numerical analysis results, total time harmonic electromagnetic field strength from high voltage and general cables have difference of 13~16 dB due to ground effect by impedance matching. The EMI results of FECV at 10 m distance shows difference of 41 dB at 30 MHz and 54 dB at 230 MHz compared with only general cable routing.