• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.296-303
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• 1986

흰쥐의 lipoprotein을 제거한 혈장내의 지질전이 활성도와 지진전이를 저해하는 활성도를 측정하였다. 지질전이 활성도의 측정은 방사성 동위원소가 함유된 cholesteryl ester (CE)와 triglyceride (TG) 로 표지된 인체의 혈장 low density lipoprotein 으로부터 high high density lipoprotein(HDL) 으로 전이되는 방사성 동위원소의 양을 측정하여 계산하였다. 지질전이 저해 활성도는 정제한 인체 혈장 지질전이 단백질에 의한 지질전이를 저해하는 정도로서 측정하였다. 흰쥐의 혈장에는 지질전이 활성도가 거의 없으나, 지질전이를 저해하는 활성도는 존재하였다. 지질전이 저해정도는 측정용액내의 lipoprotein 양이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 일반적으로 흰쥐의 HDL은 인체의 HDL에 비하여 CE 의 함량은 높으며 TG의 함량은 낮다. 흰쥐의 혈장에 인체의 혈장으로부터 정제한 지질전이 단백질을 가하여 37$^{\circ}C$에 24시간 두었을 때, HDL 로부터 very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)으로 CE가 이동하여 VLDL 의 CE 함량이 4배나 증가하였다. 반면에 VLDL로부터 HDL$_2$로TG가 이동하여 $HDL_2$의 함량은 TG함량은 9배나 증가하였다. 이와같은 현상은 흰쥐의 혈장 Lipoportein이 지질전이의 기질로서의 결함은 없음을 보여준다. 따라서 지질대사에 관한 실험에서의 흰쥐에 의한 실험결과의 해석에는 인체 혈장에 비하여 혈장에는 lipoprotein사이의 중성지질의 전이나 교환이 거의 없다는 특성이 고려되어야한다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.262.1-262.1
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• 2014

Lipid peroxidation induces functional deterioration of cell membrane and induces cell death in extreme cases. These phenomena are known to be related generally to the change of physical properties of lipid membrane such as decreased lipid order or increased water penetration. Even though the electric property of lipid membrane is important, there has been no report about the change of electric properties after lipid peroxidation. Herein, we demonstrate the molecular energy band change in red blood cell membrane through peroxidation by air-based atmospheric pressure DBD plasma treatment. Ion-induced secondary electron emission coefficient (${\gamma}$ value) was measured by using home-made gamma-focused ion beam (${\gamma}$-FIB) system and electron energy band was calculated based on the quantum mechanical Auger neutralization theory. The oxidized lipids showed higher gamma values and lower electron work functions, which implies the change of surface charging or electrical conductance. This result suggests that modified electrical properties should play a role in cell signaling under oxidative stress.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1401-1411
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• 2019

Mycobacterial cell walls comprise thick and diverse lipids and glycolipids that act as a permeability barrier to antibiotics or other chemical agents. The use of OH radicals from a non-thermal plasma jet (NTPJ) for the inactivation of mycobacteria in aqueous solution was adopted as a novel approach. Addition of water vapor in a nitrogen plasma jet generated OH radicals, which converted to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) that inactivated non-pathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis and pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. A stable plasma plume was obtained from a nitrogen plasma jet with 1.91 W of power, killing Escherichia coli and mycobacteria effectively, whereas addition of catalase decreased the effects of the former. Mycobacteria were more resistant than E. coli to NTPJ treatment. Plasma treatment enhanced intracellular ROS production and upregulation of genes related to ROS stress responses (thiolrelated oxidoreductases, such as SseA and DoxX, and ferric uptake regulator furA). Morphological changes of M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis H37Rv were observed after 5 min treatment with $N_2+H_2O$ plasma, but not of pre-incubated sample with catalase. This finding indicates that the bactericidal efficacy of NTPJ is related to the toxicity of OH and $H_2O_2$ radicals in cells. Therefore, our study suggests that NTPJ treatment may effectively control pulmonary infections caused by M. tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) such as M. avium or M. abscessus in water.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.256-256
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• 2007

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2003

It is known as that onion is antioxidation effect, antibiotic effect, blood pressure decreasing effect and reducing serum cholesterol levels. This research about effect that onion concentrate gets blood cholesterol levels and body composition. Subject was 17 adult men of hyperlipidemia. Age distribution of investigation subjects were average 49.4 years old by 40~56 years old, and average height and weight were 167.6cm and 75.5kg each, BMI was 26.9kg/$m^2$, and BMR was 1,460.6$\pm$87.5㎉, and AMC was 25.0$\pm$1.05cm, and BCM was 41.0$\pm$2.79cm. In the meantime, the body muscle was 53.7$\pm$3.7kg, and fat mass was 18.7$\pm$3.8kg, and intracellular fluid was 26.6$\pm$1.8kg, and extracellular fluid was 12.8$\pm$0.9kg. The % body fat was 24.6$\pm$3.8%, and fat distribution was 0.9$\pm$0.0%, and the obesity degree was 125.4$\pm$8.2%. Vegetables, seaweeds, fruits and juices increased by change of dietary life and greasy foods, instants, breads, rices etc. decreased or there was no change, fast foods and eggs were no change. Also, subject previewed that guidance about stress, smoking, drinking and beverage intake need. If compared the nutrient intake amount with before onion concentrate allowance, it was similar level almost without significant. Energy, calcium and riboflavin are lower than the RDA for koreans. After 3 months, the levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides had decreased significantly : 15.0%, 31.2% respectively. And the HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels also showed a marked reduction of 6.8%, 8.7% respectively. Plasma lipid level change by onion concentrate supplement would can know that case of triglyceride more greatly than plasma cholesterol. The pH and Na+ level of plasma were low significant since 8 weeks after, and $K^{+}$ level increase significant. While $Ca^{++}$ level was low significant after 1 month, there was no change since 2 months after, but nC $a^{++}$ level was low significantly. Plasma $Mg^{++}$ level was no change and nM $g^{++}$ level was low significant after intake.e.e.e.e.e.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.933-941
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• 2003

It has been suggested that green juice supplementation may have some health promoting benefits. We evaluated the effects of green juice (Angelica keiskei) consumption on parameters of lipid profiles and plasma antioxidant status in healthy male smokers. Fifty-four smokers were supplemented with 300 ml of green juice for 6 weeks while maintaining their normal diet. Blood samples were collected on week 0 and week 6 in order to evaluate plasma lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol) , plasma antioxidant vitamin levels (ascorbic acid, $\alpha$ -tocopherol, ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol, $\alpha$ -carotene, $\beta$ -carotene, cryptoxanthin and lycopene) , the degree of LDL oxidation and GOT, GPT levels for liver function. Plasma ascorbic acid level remained at the same level. However, $\alpha$ -tocopherol and ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol normalized by total cholesterol (p <0.05) and $\beta$ -carotene (p <0.001) level were all significantly increased after green juice supplementation. Plasma cholesterol was reduced for 12%, LDL-cholesterol was reduced for 9.3% after green juice consumption, while plasma triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol was not changed. Oxidized LDL assessed by conjugated diene (CD) , was decreased (p < 0.0001) after green juice consumption. These results further support a role for green juice supplementation in the improvement of lipid status, prevention of lipid peroxidation, and thereby reducing risk factors of numerous diseases associated with elevated oxidative stress in smokers.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1987

Plasma levels of lipoproteins were observed in vegetarians and non-vegetarians in order to compare the values between the two groups with different dietary habits, and among different age groups. All 162 vegetarians and 95 non-vegetarians were selected for this study. In detail, male vegetarians subjects were devided into three groups according to their ages, 20's, 30's and 40's. And three control groups were also selected at matching basis. Two groups each were selected for female subjects in their 20's and 40's. All ten groups were adopted and the lipids levels were compared appropriately. Plasma $pre-{\beta}-lipoprotein$ levels of vegetarians and non-vegetarians were not significantly in all groups. And plama ${\alpha}-lipporoten$ levels of non-vegetarians were higher than the ones for vegetarians as compared with male of 20's, male 30's and female of 40's, and it was not significantly as compared with female of 20's. And plasma ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ levels of vegetarians were significantly lower than the ones for non-vegetarians in all groups. Most of plasma lipoprotein levels measured were found to be lower in vegetarians and tended to be higher age groups of both vegetarians and non-vegetarians. And plasma ${\alpha}-lipoprotein$ levels which is known to be adversely related to atheroscherosis were higher in non-vegetarians, it can be concluded in this study that the plasma lipoprotein levels of non-vegetarians under Korea dietary patterns are quite acceptable.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2009

A meta-analysis of 63 randomized controlled trials of Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes was conducted. Pioglitazone significantly lowered fasting plasma glucose and triglyceride (TG) level and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) level. Rosiglitazone significantly lowered hemoglobin A1C level and fasting plasma glucose, whereas it increased all kinds of lipids (HDL, LDL (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), TG, total cholesterol). In comparison, glucose lowering effect was higher in Rosiglitazone, and Pioglitazone produced a more favorable lipid profile.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.15-24
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• 1996

Essentiality was proposed in the field of lipid by Burr and Burr in 1929. When rats were raised on the fat-free diet, their growth retarded and their skin and tails showed the characteristic deficient symptoms, which were relieved by the addition of ${\omega}6(n-6)$ polyunsaturated fatty acids as linoleic(LA) and arachidonic(AA) acids to the basal diet. LA is dehydrogenated to ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid(GLNA) by ${\Delta}6$ desaturase, then GLNA is 2 carbon chain elongated by elongase to $dihomo-{\gamma}-linolenic$ acid(DGLNA), which is desaturated by ${\Delta}5$ desaturase to AA. These acids are called LA family or ${\omega}6(n-6)$ polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA). ${\alpha}-Linolenic$ acid(ALNA) is converted through the series of desaturation and elongation steps to docosahexaenic acid(DHA) via eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA). These acids belong to ALNA family or ${\omega}3(n-3)$PUFA. Human who consume large amounts of EPA and DHA, which are present in fatty fish and fish oils, have increased levels of these two fatty acids in their plasma and tissue lipids at the expense of LA and AA. Alternately, vegetarians, whose intake of LA in high, have more elevated levels of LA and AA and lower levels of EPA and DHA in plasma lipids and in cell membranes than omnivores. AA and EPA are metabolized to substances called eicosanoids. Those derived form AA are known as prostanocids(prostaglandins and prostacyclins) of the 2-types and leukotrienes of the 4-series, whereas those derived from EPA are known as prostanoids of the 3-types and leukotrienes of the 5-series. DGLNA is a precursor of the 1-types of prostaglandins. The metabolites of AA and EPA have competitive functions. Ingestion of EPA from fish or fish oil replaces AA from membrane phospholipids in practically all cells. So this leads to a more physiological state characterized by the production of proatanoids and leukotrienes that have antithrombic, antichemotactic, antivasoconstrictive and antiinflammatory properties. It is evident that ${\omega}3$ fatty acids can affect a number of chronic diseases through eicosanoids alone.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2006

Peripheral insulin resistance in obese/type II diabetes animals results from an impairment of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. Insulin stimulate the translocation of GLUT4 from intracellular location to the plasma membrane. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) is implicated in mediation of fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicle with the plasma membrane. Present study investigated regulatory effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis administration and exercise training on the expression of GLUT4 protein and SNAREs protein in skeletal muscles of obese Zucker rats. Experimental animals were randomly assigned into one of five groups ; lean control(LN), obese control(OB), exercise-treated(EXE), Rhodiola sachalinensis-treated(Rho), combine of Rho & EXE (Rho-EXE). All animals of exercise training (EXE, Rho-EXE) performed treadmill running for 8 weeks, and animals of Rho groups (Rho, Rho-EXE) were dosed daily by gastric gavage during the same period. After experiment, blood were taken for analyses of glucose, insulin, and lipids levels. Mitochondrial oxidative enzyme (citrate synthase, CS ; $\beta$-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, $\beta$-HAD) activity were analysed. Skeletal muscles were dissected out for analyses of proteins (GLUT4, VAMP2, syntaxin4, SNAP23). Results are as follows. Exercise and/or Rhodiola sachalinensis administration significantly reduced body weight and improved blood lipids (TG, FFA), and increased insulin sensitivity. Endurance exercise significantly increased the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and the expression of GLUT4 protein, however, administration of Rhodiola sachalinensis did not affect them. The effect of exercise and/or Rhodiola sachalinensis administration on the expression of SNARE proteins was unclear. Our study suggested that improvement insulin sensitivity by exercise and/or Rhodiola sachalinensis administration in obese Zucker rats is independent of expression of SNARE proteins.