• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

In the diagnosis of coronary artery atheromatous plaque, Cardiac computed tomography (Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography: CCTA) compared with IVUS(Intravascular Ultrasound: IVUS) investigate the diagnostic accuracy, Interested in CCTA atheromatous plaque in computed tomography values (Hounsfield Unit: HU) try to find out. From April 2006 to August 2008 among coronary artery disease(Coronary Artery Disease: CAD) patients with confirmed or suspicious of CAD by CCTA performed atherosclerotic plaques and found 200 patients who underwent IVUS were enrolled. 200 patients who underwent CCTA and IVUS results from the 476 plaque was found, IVUS results of the soft plaque(n; 84), fibrous plaque(n; 63), mixed plaque (n; 97), calcific plaque(n; 232). The results are classified according to the IVUS plaque in HU in the soft plaque : $53.8{\pm}10.5$, fibrous plaque : $108.1{\pm}20.0$, mixed plaque : $371.2{\pm}113.1$, and calcific plaque : $731.0{\pm}160.4$. CCTA had sensitivity of 97% and confidence interval of 95.0-98.3. This study that is the diagnosis of coronary atheromatous plaque for using CCTA, we confirm the high sensitivity and the confidence interval Based on IVUS results CCTA atheromatous plaque with HU in the analysis could be classified to characterize in the treatment of patients with CAD is expected to help.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2021

Background: Proper detection and management of dental plaque are essential for individual oral health. We aimed to evaluate the maturation level of dental plaque using a two-tone disclosing agent and to compare it with the fluorescence of dental plaque on the quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) image to obtain primary data for the development of a new dental plaque scoring system. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects who consented to participate after understanding the purpose of the study were screened. The images of the anterior teeth were obtained using the QLF device. Subsequently, dental plaque was stained with a two-tone disclosing solution and a photograph was obtained with a digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera. The staining scores were assigned as follows: 0 for no staining, 1 for pink staining, and 2 for blue staining. The marked points on the DSLR images were selected for RGB color analysis. The relationship between dental plaque maturation and the red/green (R/G) ratio was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation. Additionally, different red fluorescence values according to dental plaque accumulation were assessed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Scheffe's post-hoc test to identify statistically significant differences between the groups. Results: A comparison of the intensity of red fluorescence according to the maturation of the two-tone stained dental plaque confirmed that R/G ratio was higher in the QLF images with dental plaque maturation (p<0.001). Correlation analysis between the stained dental plaque and the red fluorescence intensity in the QLF image confirmed an excellent positive correlation (p<0.001). Conclusion: A new plaque scoring system can be developed based on the results of the present study. In addition, these study results may also help in dental plaque management in the clinical setting.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.581-593
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• 2023

In the catheterization laboratory, the measurement of physiological indexes can help identify functionally significant lesions and has become one of the standard methods to guide treatment decision-making. Plaque vulnerability refers to a coronary plaque susceptible to rupture, enabling risk prediction before coronary events, and it can be detected by defining a certain type of plaque morphology on coronary imaging modalities. Although coronary physiology and plaque vulnerability have been considered different attributes of coronary artery disease, the underlying pathophysiological basis and clinical data indicate a strong correlation between coronary hemodynamic properties and vulnerable plaque. In prediction of coronary events, emerging data have suggested independent and additional implications of a physiology-based approach to a plaque-based approach. This review covers the fundamental interplay between coronary physiology and plaque morphology during disease progression with clinical data supporting this relationship and examines the clinical relevance of physiological indexes in prediction of clinical outcomes and therapeutic decision-making along with plaque vulnerability.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.975-989
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• 2005

Periodontal disease is caused by accumulation of bacterial plaque. For the reason, plaque control is essential to control and prevent periodontal disease. Among the plaque control methods, mechanical plaque removal, tooth brushing is common and reliable. But it depends on individual habituation and their manner. To catch up the gap of effectiveness, lots of oral hygiene appliances have been developing. Powered toothbrush is the most interesting field and is showing on the market with various motion type. This study was performed to compare clinical effects of plaque removal between powered toothbrush and manual toothbrush. The results were as follows : 1. Plaque index was decreased statistically after the brushing than before the brushing in every group.(p<0.05) 2. Comparing plaque index among the three groups before and after brushing, there were no statistically significant differences. 3. Interproximal plaque index was decreased statistically after the brushing than before the brushing in every group.(p<0.05) 4. Comparing interproximal plaque index among the three groups before and after brushing, there were no statistically significant differences.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.200-207
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether a Novel Plaque Index (NPI) using intraoral camera images would be more useful for assessing the accumulated area of dental plaque compared to three other indices. Methods: This study evaluated 80 disclosed plaque tooth surface images from 40 participants, including the facial surfaces of the maxillary left first molar and mandibular left central incisor. The tooth surface was divided longitudinally into three sections, with each section further subdivided into four subsections. A score ranging from 0 to 5 was assigned to each longitudinal third, and the average score was determined as the NPI score for the tooth surface. Two examiners assessed the NPI, Patient Hygiene Performance Index, Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, and Rustogi's Modified Navy Plaque Index scores obtained using the plaque images. The assessments were repeated twice with a 2-weeks washout period. The Plaque Percent Index (PPI) score calculated via image analysis is considered the gold standard. Results: The NPI showed the highest correlation coefficient with PPI compared to the other indices (examiner 1: 0.87, examiner 2: 0.88). The intraexaminer reliability of the NPI was excellent for both examiners. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for examiner 1 and 2 was 0.95 and 0.93, respectively. The weighted kappa values were >0.85 for both examiners. The ICC of the interexaminer analysis was 0.93 and the weighted kappa showed a reliability value of 0.81. Conclusion: The NPI was found to have greater validity and reliability than the three existing indices for the quantitative scoring of dental plaque.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2022

Background: The use of dental floss is associated with a reduction in dental caries and periodontal disease. According to personal preference, not only thread type but also C type and Y type floss are used. Although the effectiveness of dental floss for removing dental plaque has been proven, plaque removal effect of C type and Y type floss has not been well reported. In this study, the plaque removal effect of C type and Y type floss compared to thread type floss was experimentally verified. Methods: Thread type, C type and Y type floss were used to remove dental plaque. Ten people in each flossing group participated, and by applying dental floss to the 6 incisors of the maxilla and mandible, the degree of dental plaque was analyzed by QLF-D. To evaluate the removal degree of dental plaque before and after flossing, Simple Plaque Score (SPS), Area R30, Area R70, and Area R120 score were measured. Results: In the analysis using the Area R30 fluorescence score of the QLF-D system, the degree of plaque removal according to the application of dental floss was effective in all the thread type (p=0.018), C-type (p=0.012), and Y-type (p=0.012) floss groups compared to before the application of the floss. Among them, C type floss was more effective in removing plaque than thread type and Y type floss. However, the plaque removal effect between the three floss types was not significantly different in ∆SPS (p=0.674), ∆Area R30 (p=0.726), ∆Area R70 (p=0.504), and ∆Area R120 scores (p=0.423). Conclusion: Thread type, C type, and Y type floss were all effective in removing dental plaque, but there was no significant difference in dental plaque removal effect according to the type of floss.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of chewable toothbrush and manual toothbrush and provide basic data for recommendation of the chewable toothbrush in specific groups and situations. A total of 20 subjects participated in this study (rolling method, 10; non-rolling method, 10). After professional prophylaxis, participants used the manual toothbrush to brush their teeth for 3 minutes. After a 7-day wash-out period, participants used the chewable toothbrush according to the manufacturer's instructions. Pre- and post-plaque indexing of the teeth was performed. The dental plaque index was assessed using the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPI) for amount of plaque and Silness-Loe Plaque Index (SLPI) for plaque thickness. The difference between pre- and post-dental plaque index was analyzed using a paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Mann-Whitney U test was also used to compare the dental plaque index reduction rates. The dental plaque index differed significantly between the chewable toothbrush and the manual toothbrush. The TMQHPI reduction rate was significantly different between the rolling and non-rolling method groups for the manual toothbrush but not the chewable toothbrush. The difference in SLPI reduction rate between the rolling and non-rolling method groups was significant for the manual toothbrush but not for the chewable toothbrush. Differences in the dental plaque index reduction rates between the chewable and manual toothbrushes were not significant in the non-rolling method group. The results of this study showed higher reduction rates in dental plaque with manual toothbrush use than with chewable toothbrush use. However, the non-rolling method group did not show statistically significant differences according to toothbrush type. The present study showed that a chewable toothbrush can be an alternative to a manual toothbrush for individuals who have difficulty using the generally recommended rolling method.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.1 s.44
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• pp.221-231
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• 1994

The short-term effects of plaque control instruction were studied in 42 adolescent orthodontic patients under active fixed treatment. At first visit, all the patients were received plaque control instruction using materials such as oral hygiene education slides, dentiform, disclosing agents, tooth brush and interdental brush. After that, Pateints were asked to perform the tooth brushing according to instructions. Such a procedure was repeated every week lot 3 weeks. Plaque index and bleeding index were scored once a week for 4 weeks and were compared according to ages, sex and duration with fixed appliance. The results were as follows: 1. Plaque control instruction was effective in reducing plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation of the orthodontic patients. 2. The effect of plaque control instruction was continued during 3 weeks among all groups of subjects, and it was prominent at the first week. 3. There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of the plaque control of instruction according to sex, ages, or duration with fixed appliances.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.727-733
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the awareness toward oral health and plaque removal in the elderly people in Korea. Methods: An interview method was carried out to 308 elderly people from a senior welfare facility in Mokpo, Jeonnam from May 1 to December 30, 2011 after receiving informed consents. Except 4 incomplete answers, data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. The questionnaire consisted of demographical characteristics of the subjects, experience of plaque removal, recognition towards plaque removal, and correlation to systemic diseases. Results: Most of the elderly people experiences plaque removal(63.4%) and 55.9% had revisit intention. Those having plaque removal accounted for 47.8% and they had good subjective oral health recognition. Those not having plaque removal accounted for 61.8% and 61.8% having average systemic health condition and 53.3% having poor oral health recognition. The plaque removal was closely related to subjective oral health recognition. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop the preventive oral health program for the elderly people. The plaque removal in the elderly people is the most important services to prevent the systemic diseases including hypertension, arthritis, diabetes, nervous disease, and gastrointestinal diseases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.815-821
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of accessibility to dental cervices of maxillary molars upon plaque control level of these areas. Fifthy-seven dental students with healthy gingiae participated in this study. Maxillary dental casts were fabricated for each participants. Using the casts, cervical accessibility was measured at the mid-palatal point of maxillary first and second molars. Cervical accessibility was defined as the perpendicular distance from the entrance of gingival sulcus to the imaginary line between the most protruded points of palatal gingiva and tooth surface, and classified into degree I(${\leq}0.5mm$), II($>0.5mm,\;{\leq}1.0mm$), III($>1.0mm,\;{\leq}1.5mm$), and IV(>1.5mm). Plaque score was recorded as the distance from crest of gingival margin to the most coronal extent of plaque. Measurements of plaque score were repeated 3 times at 1-week intervals. After the baseline measurements, the participants began to use unitufted brushes on randomly assigned right or left side. Two weeks later, a session of plaque score records identical to the baseline measurements was started. The maxillary second molars showed higher cervical accessibility than the first molars(p<0.01), but the plaque scores of maxillary second molars were also higher than those of first molars(p<0.01). For the maxillary first molars, correlation between accessibility and plaque score was statistically significant, but such correlation was not found for the second molars. Use of unitufted brushes decreased the plaque score(p<0.01). Correlation between accessibility and the degree of plaque score improvement was not found. These findings suggest that cervical accessibility may influence the amount of plaque, and use of adjunctive oral hygiene devices may be helpful in maintaining optimal oral hygiene level at the areas of low cervical accessib ility.