• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.510-519
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• 2021

One of the most pressing issues facing the dairy industry is drought. In areas where annual precipitation is low, irrigation for growing feed presents the greatest water-utilization challenge for dairy producers. Here, we investigated the effects of cultivar and harvest days after planting (DAP) on dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value of teff (Eragrostis tef), a warm-season annual grass native to Ethiopia that is well adapted to drought conditions. Eighty pots were blocked by location in a greenhouse and randomly assigned to four teff cultivars (Tiffany, Moxie, Corvallis, and Dessie) and to five harvest times (40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 DAP). Cultivars had no effect on DM yield and nutritive value. As harvest time increased from 40 to 60 DAP, DM yield and ash-free neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom) concentrations increased, while crude protein (CP) concentrations and in vitro NDF digestibility decreased. To assess carryover effects of time of harvest on yield and nutritive value, two additional cuttings were taken from each pot. Increasing first-cutting harvest time decreased CP concentrations in the second cutting and reduced DM yields in the second and third cutting. Harvesting teff between 45 and 50 DAP best optimized forage yield and nutritive value in the first and subsequent cuttings.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to select suitable planting base for the mat-type rooftop greening in order to popularize rooftop greening system easily. The experiment was conducted from 2004 June to 2005 May under several conditions; 4 soil depths under mats(2cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm), two soil mixtures(natural soil 80%+leaf mold 20%, artificial soil) and two light conditions(full sun place, 20% shaded place). In this experiment, 3 types of mats were used ; the herbaceous plants mat(11 plants inclusive of Lotus corniculatus L., Silene armeria L.), the lawn mat with Festica arundinacea and Sedum mat with Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum middendorffianum. The result is as follows; in the mat-type rooftop greening, the herbaceous plants mat, lawn mat and sedum mat are the similar number of plant and effect of greening on soil depth 2cm, 5cm and 10cm, 15cm. So suitable soil depth of rooftop greening is 10cm for the load and economical factor. Thus the mat-type rooftop greening possible planting base depth of all 13cm as soil depth 10cm and mat depth 3cm. As soil mixtures, the number and growth of plants were better mat and 'natural soil 80% +leaf mold 20%' than mat and artificial soil. In herbaceous plants mat, Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L., Lotus corniculatus L. are survival in full sun place and Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L. are survival in 20% shaded place. In conclusion, selection of suitable soil mixtures and plants is possible extensive management rooftop greening with effect of continuous greening. The mat-type rooftop greening are lightweight and simple preparation without management and can popularize readily.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2003

The study was conducted to present the criteria of plant selection and planting design pattern suitable for the vegetation blocks which are becoming more popular for the facade greenery in urban areas. The main results are summarized as follows. 1. Under irrigated conditions, the plant grew better than that of unirrigated conditions and herbs grew better than shrubs. In selection of shrubs, it would be more proper to consider the size and depth of the pockets. 2. Under unirrigated conditions, Sedum middendorffianum and foreign sedums grew well, so it can be concluded that sedums can grow at low management condition. And, Hosta longipes and Aceriphyllum rossii could be survive at low management conditions only if irrigation was conducted at dry season. But, shrubs needed irrigation management for survival at vegetation blocks. 3. The results of this study, it can be concluded that greenery of walls and retaining walls might be effective for the creation of green space, improvement of urban landscapes, and the creation of diverse biotopes in urban areas with vegetation blocks.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2003

The study was to apply a mat style reed planting method at confluence to improve plants growth conditions by relaxing disturbed topographical base due to water flow and was intended to review the effect to build up a vegetation strip by monitoring process after the construction. First off, We've attempted to construct reed mats on selected sites as confluences of Tan and Gaehwa stream and then examined and analyzed characteristics of soil and vegetation community. As the results of the examination, the soil texture was proven to be a mix of sand and loamy sand and be 6.3 ~ 7.0 soil pH. In addition, it contained 1.0 ~ 4.6% of organic matter, 0.04 ~ 0.22% of T-N and 27.8 ~ 41.2% of water content. For its vegetation structure, the Tan stream confluence was first actually a point bar without plants prior to the construction but 8 kinds of hygrophytes including Persicaria hydropiper and 9 kinds of terrestrial plants such as Potentilla supina, Artemisia annua, and Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis. On the other hand, the Gaehwa stream confluence contained 6 kinds of hygrophytes such as Bidens frondosa and other 11 kinds of terrestrial plants prior to the construction while it produced 7 kinds of hygrophytes including Ranunculus ternatus as well as Phragmites australis and 9 kinds of terrestrial plants such as Potentilla supina after the construction. For the Phragmites australis, almost of them was weathered away in early days just after planting because of development period passed, but on May, six months later from planting, it was investigated that its length was approximated as 65 ~ 85cm with 75% coverage and that the number of it was 437 ~ 633/$m^2$. The study was shown that reed mats can improve environmental conditions of disturbed topographical base, enabling natural growth of various riparian vegetation including the introduced plant, reed. In the meantime, it was supposedly judged that to recover or build up a vegetarian strip, supplementary materials should be prepared to help produce and grow plants because it is not probable to expect river drift by water flow at confluence and that corrosion, burying or inundation owing to changes of water lever should be considered.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to suggest the minimum distance needed between landscape trees and apartment buildings. in order for the trees to grow soundly and maintain constant growth. Therefore, this study investigated and analyzed the present conditions of the green-spaces contiguous to apartment buildings and the trees inside the apartment complex. The following general problems were identified : (1) the tree growth conditions, (2) the planting intervals, and (3) the planting methods in the apartment complexes. The method of this study was to survey areas, measure the trees and analyze the results. Ten apartment complexes located in Seoul were randomly selected for this study. To analyze the greens contiguous to the building of each apartment complex, the greens were divided into three types, including the front greens, the side greens, and the rear greens. The study surveyed the width of all contiguous greens and the distance from trees to my given building. Four representative sites were specifically investigated to measure the crown widths, heights, and diameters of the trees. These investigations were carried out over 3 months from August to December 2006. According to the results of the study, it was found that the greens are narrower in width and the more closer to a building. The study identified a correlation between the tree and the passage of time after the completion of construction of an apartment complex, showing that the malformation of the trees worsened as time passed. As a result of measuring the right crown and left crown width with the tree trunk as the center, a broad difference was found between coniform trees and trees that tend to branch out more. For example, the ratio of the width of the Acer palmatum is 1:6. However, the ratio of the Metasequoia glyptostroboide is 1:1.7. Based on the overall analysis, it was concluded that the maintained minimum width must be greater than one meter over the green space according to the 'Landscape Standard 2000'. However, that is only applicable to cases such as apartment buildings that present no obstacles. In conclusion having greens placed within one meter of width to a building is not an appropriate environment for the healthy growth of trees. To create sound green spaces, sustainable, long-term growth rate and size should be considered. It is necessary to prepare new standards for the computation of planting trees and the measurement of square landscapes. Wall greenery and shrubberies could be an alternative in the case of a narrow-width green space.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.392-402
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• 2021

본 연구는 남부지역 논 토양에서 옥수수(사료용 및 간식용) 재배 시 경운방법과 파종시기의 차이가 작물의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고, 여름 재배기간을 거친 후 겨울 소득작물인 양파에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 전·후작물 모두 적절한 수량을 얻을 수 있는 경운방법과 파종시기 및 파종한계기를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 1. 옥수수의 경우 경운처리에 따라서는 생육 및 수량에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 파종시기에 따라서는 광평옥, 일미찰 모두 파종시기가 늦을수록 생육이 저조하였고 착수고의 경우 생육의 차이에 의해 7월 15일 파종 처리구가 비교적 낮았다. LAI의 경우 광평옥은 7월 3일, 7월 15일 파종 처리구에서 초기 생육기 온도가 높음에 따라 엽의 발달이 빨랐고 시간이 경과됨에 따라서 유의한 차이는 없어졌다. 일미찰의 경우는 파종시기에 따라 LAI에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 일미찰은 습해에 약한 품종으로 7월 3일, 7월 15일 파종 처리구는 생육 초기 고온임에도 불구하고 장마에 의한 과습의 피해로 엽의 발달에 차이가 없었다. 2. 광평옥 수량구성요소의 경우 파종시기가 늦을수록 이삭 장 및 단위면적당 이삭수가 적었고, 이삭 및 간엽의 건물수량과 TDN도 낮았다. 일미찰 또한 수량구성요소 및 수량이 파종시기가 늦을수록 낮게 나타났다. 3. 본 실험에서 실시된 심경처리의 경우 옥수수의 생육에는 크게 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 파종시기에 따라서는 파종이 지연됨에 따라 특히 7월 15일 파종 처리구에서 옥수수의 생육 및 수량이 부진하였으므로 파종시기는 7월 3일 파종 처리구와 시기가 비슷한 7월 초까지가 적절할 것으로 판단된다. 4. 양파의 경우 여름작물인 옥수수에 실시된 경운방법 및 파종시기 처리에 따라 생육 및 수량에 유의한 차이가 없었으며 양호한 생육과 수량을 보였다. 이는 2019년도 여름 재배기간을 거치고 겨울작물 재배 준비를 위한 포장정지작업이 이루어짐에 따라 양파 파종까지 4개월 이상이 경과되어 경운 및 파종시기 처리의 효과가 상쇄되어 양파의 생육에 영향이 없었던 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2014

본 연구는 사막화가 진행 중인 몽골의 엘센타사라이 지역을 중심으로, 주민 설문조사, 조림지 현장답사, 관련 문헌고찰 등을 통해 환경생태적 및 경제적 효과를 동시에 달성할 산림농업의 전략을 모색하였다. 산림농업의 접근유형은 사막화 및 작물 풍해를 방지하기 위한 방풍조림, 소득자원 생산을 위한 농경, 대상지역의 주 산업인 축산 등을 함께 배합하는 농림축혼업을 제안하였다. 주민의견과 생육환경을 반영하여, 조림수종은 사막지대의 자생종인 시베리아포플러와 비술나무를, 경제작목은 짧은 생장기간에 재배 및 수확이 가능한 갈매보리수, 감자, 사료작물 등을 각각 선정하였다. 농림축혼업의 다목적 효과를 충족시킬 토지배분 전략으로서, 다열의 방풍용 수목과 소득용 작물을 교호 대상으로 배식하는 간작기법을 권장하였다. 아울러 강풍과 건조에 대응하여, 경제작목 생산 및 수목생장의 조건을 함께 개선하기 위한 간작 시스템 관련 바람직한 식재기법을 모색하였다. 본 결과는 관련 연구가 미흡한 몽골은 물론 유사한 환경의 반건조지역에서, 지속가능한 산림농업을 추진하기 위한 유용한 기반정보가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.304-304
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• 2017

In semi-arid countries such as Namibia, the flooding unexpectedly happens in a rainy season, causing losses in the yield of upland-adapted cereal crop. In flooding conditions, rice roots sequentially form aerenchyma and a barrier to radial oxygen loss (ROL), and oxygen is released into the rhizosphere near the root tips. Iijima et al. (2016) and Awala et al. (2016) reported that close mixed-planting with rice can mitigate the flood stress of co-growing upland-adapted cereal crop by modifying their rhizosphere microenvironments via the oxygen released from the rice roots. Moreover, by using the model system of hydroponic culture, it was confirmed that oxygen from rice roots was transferred to co-growing upland-adapted cereal crop in close mixed planting system (Kawato et al., 2016). However, it is not sure whether the ability of oxygen release varies among rice cultivars, because Kawato et al. (2016) used only one japonica cultivar, Nipponbare (Oryza sativa). The objective of this study was to compare the ability of oxygen release in rhizosphere among rice cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a climate chamber in Kindai University. We used 10 rice cultivars from three different rice species (O. sativa (var. japonica (2), var. indica (3)), Oryza glaberrima Steud. (2) and their interspecific progenies (3)) to compare the ability of oxygen release from the roots. According to the method by Kawato et al. (2016), the dissolved oxygen concentration of phase I (with shoot) and phase II (without shoot) were measured by a fiber optic oxygen-sensing probe. The oxygen released from rice roots was calculated from the difference of the measurements between phase I and phase II. The result in this study indicated that all of the rice cultivars released oxygen from their roots, and the amount of released oxygen was significantly correlated with the above-ground biomass (r = 0.710). The ability of oxygen release (the amount of the oxygen release per fresh root weight) of indica cultivars (O. sativa) tended to be higher as compared with the other cultivars. On the other hand, that of African rice (O. glaberrima) and the interspecific progenies tended to be lower. These results suggested that the ability of oxygen release widely varies among rice cultivars, and some of indica cultivars (O. sativa) may be suitable for close mixed-planting to mitigate flood stress of upland-adapted cereal crop.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2021

식재된 수목이 활착되기 위해 소요되는 시간은 수종별로 차이가 있기 때문에 개별 수종에 대한 생장량 변동 추이 분석을 통해 관리 기간을 설정할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 수변생태벨트 조성 지역에 식재된 소나무의 연간 생장량 변화 분석 자료를 바탕으로 관리 기간을 제안하고자 하였다. 생장량을 분석한 결과, 식재 전에는 평균 0.6cm, 식재 후 1~2년차 0.3cm, 3~4년차 0.5cm, 5년차 이후에는 약 0.7cm 내외였다. 식재된 소나무의 생장량은 1~2년차 생장 불량, 3~4년차 회복 단계를 거쳐, 5년차부터 정상 생장 단계가 확인되었기 때문에 활엽수와는 달리 최소 4년은 집중관리가 필요한 기간으로 판단되었다. 수목별 활착에 필요한 기간은 차이가 있을 수 있기 때문에 생장량 연구를 통해 수종별 관리 기간을 설정해야 할 것이다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.112-118
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• 1987

경기지역에서의 P.E 피복에 의한 하대두의 조파가능성과 P.E 피복효과를 검토코자 경기ㆍ농촌진흥원에서 혼집선발한 경기 11004를 공시하여 4월 1 일부터 10일 간격으로 4월 30일까지 파종하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지중온도는 6월 상순까지 P.E 피복에서 1 ~5$^{\circ}C$ 높았으나 6월 중순 이후는 무피복과 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. P.E 피복은 무피복에 비해 토양수분함양이 높았고 토양경도는 낮았다. 3. P.E 피복에 의해 출현기는 5~l6일, 개화기는3~5 일 빨라졌다. 4. 개화기의 건물중, 엽면적지수는 P.E 피복에서 증가되었고 근중 및 근류균은 감소하였다. 5. 개화기 식물체분석 결과 P.E 피복에서 N, P, K의 흡수율이 높았다. 6. 풋콩수량은 무피복 4월 20일 파종(1,389kg/10a)에 비해 P.E 피복 4월 10일, 4월 20일 파종이 각각 12% 증수되었고 소득은 무피복 4월 20일 파종(250천원/10a)에 비해 P.E 피복 4월 1 일, 4월 10 일, 4월 20일 파종에서 각각 70, 83, 20% 높았다. 7. P.E 피복, 무피복 모두 경기지역에서 4월 1일 파종이 가능하였으나 무피복의 경우 년차간 출현율의 차이가 심하여 안전재배를 위해서는 P.E 피복재배가 요망된다.