• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2004

Mature embryo and leaf base segment of Korean oat were used as materials in an experiment to check plant regeneration efficiency. MS media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin, and picloram were used for callus induction from mature embryos and leaf base segments. Three mg/l of 2,4­D and 3 mg/l of picloram in callus induction medium showed high frequency for plant regeneration from mature embryos. Leaf base segments were transferred to callus induction medium and incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ in 16/8 hr light/dark cycle for 3 weeks. Callus induction from leaf base segments of Malgwiri showed high efficiency in medium containing 3 mg/l of 2,4-D and 1 mg/l of kinetin $(91.8\%)$. In case of Samhangwiri, the combinations of phytohormones did not show significant difference. Regeneration from leaf base segments showed high frequency in shoot medium containing 1 mg/l of antiauxin, tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and 1 mg/l of 6-benzyladenine (BA). Calli induced from leaf base segments of Samhangwiri and Malgwiri in media containing 3 mg/l of 2,4-D and 3 mg/l of picloram showed high regeneration frequency. It appears that the callus initiation medium may be an important factor for subsequent plant regeneration.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.185-189
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• 2001

Essential oils of 21 herb plant samples, using spectrophotometric and paper disc agar diffusion methods under anaerobic conditions, were tested in vitro for their growth-inhibiting activities against Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, Lactobacillus casei, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli. The responses varied with bacterial strains and plant oils. At 10 mg/disk, all essential oils did not inhibit beneficial intestinal bacteria, except for the oil of Alpinia officinarum and Melaleuca alternifolia against L. casei. Due to their strong growth-inhibitory activities against C. perfringens, E. coli, and L. casei, the activites of nine oils were evaluated at low concentrations. In test with C. perfringens at 1 mg/disk, the oils of Amyris balsamifera, Curcuma longa, M. alternifolia, and Trachyspermum ammi showed moderate activities. Moderate activities against E. coli were observed with the oils of M. alternifolia and T. ammi. These results may be indications of at least one of the pharmacological actions of the four herb plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2009

Microscopic study of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) infected with Phytophthora capsici, causing Phytophthora blight of chili pepper, was conducted to compare histological and cytological characteristics in the root and stem of susceptible (C. annuum cv. Bugang) and resistant (C. annuum cv. CM334) pepper cultivars. The susceptible pepper roots and stems were extensively penetrated and invaded by the pathogen initially into epidermal cells and later cortical and vascular cells. Host cell walls adjacent to and invaded by the infecting hyphae were partially dissolved and structurally loosened with fine fibrillar materials probably by cell wall-degrading enzymes of the pathogen. In the resistant pepper, the pathogen remained on root epidermal surface at one day after inoculation, embedded and captured in root exudation materials composed of proteins and polysaccharides. Also the pathogen appeared to be blocked in its progression at the early infection stages by thickened middle lamellae. At 3 days after inoculation, the oomycete hyphae were still confined to epidermal cells of the root and at most outer peripheral cortical cells of the stem, resulting from their invasion blocked by wound periderms formed underneath the infection sites and/or cell wall appositions bounding the hyphal protrusions. All of these aspects suggest that limitation of disease development in the resistant pepper may be due to the inhibition of the pathogen penetration, infection, invasion, and colonization by the defense structures such as root exudation materials, thickened middle lamellae, wound peridems and cell wall appositions.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2014

Home appliances go through a couple of packaging stages from the plant to consumers. The primary packaging, inner packaging for each part, happens for protection after products leave the plant. The secondary packaging happens in the unit of product, ensuring cushioning packaging to protect products from movement. The final tertiary packaging is for transportation and delivery. Each stage of product packaging, however, costs a lot of money because of disposable packaging materials used in each stage including vinyl, tapes, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboards. Discarded packaging materials also cause environmental problems. In an effort to come up with a measure to solve those problems, this study proposed a plan to minimize logistics costs with semi-permanent packaging materials to replace disposable ones including Styrofoam, vinyl, and corrugated cardboards in the stages of inner packaging, cushioning packaging, product unit-based packaging, and transportation. The study also developed a model to cut down logistics costs by reducing various packaging stages including the primary, secondary, and tertiary stage only to the secondary one through module-type products instead of the transportation- and delivery-type ones, as well as demonstrated the excellence of the study through numerical analysis.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2009

The use of bioactive materials derived from microorganisms and plants has played a role in pest management in environmentally-friendly agriculture (EFA) system. In Korea, a number of agricultural agents for the control of insect pests have been registered officially as biopesticides and marketed widely. However, most of the biopesticides has a limitation in the resource availability of bioactive materials, which has been one of main problems related to the commercialization of agricultural agents. Plant materials and microbial metabolites are the best sources as starting components to commercialize natural-occurring agricultural agents for pest management. The lack of modernized system for the standardization and quality control of the starting materials, however, has also received as a main problem related to the commercialization of agricultural agents. Considered that EFA business has kept growing bigger and bigger with global economic status, the commercialization of agricultural agents is necessary to meet the required number of agricultural agents officially available in EFA. This study describes the status and future prospects of pest control agents in EFA. A number of main issues hindered in the commercialization of agricultural agents are discussed in order to present a promising approach to successful commercialization.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2000

플라즈마 아크 용융방식 유리화 시험설비의 계통내 기체 및 최종배출구 전단의 배기체를 분석함으로써 배기체중에 포함된 분석용 첨가물의 거동 및 배기가스 처리장치의 제염성능을 평가하였다. 중금속 물질(Pb, Cd, Hg), 방사성 모의물질(Co, Cs) 그리고 방사성핵종($^{60}Co,\;^{137}Cs$)을 분석용 첨가물로 사용한 실험결과로부터 첨가물질의 거동에 따른 유리화 설비 배기체처리시스템의 제염특성 및 제염제수를 구하였다.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2010

This study investigated the characteristics of co-combustion of mixed anthracite (domestic and Vietnam) and bituminous coal (Sonoma, Australia) at circulating fluidized bed boiler in Donghae thermal power plant when mixing ratio of bituminous coal is variable. Co-combustion of bituminous coal contributes to improvement in general combustion characteristics such as moderately retaining temperature of furnace and recycle loop, reducing unburned carbon powder, and reducing discharge concentration of NOx and limestone supply owing to improvement in anthracite combustibility as the mixing ratio was increased. However, bed materials were needed to be added externally when the mixing ratio exceeded 40% because of reduction in generating bed materials based on reduction in ash production. When co-combustion was conducted in the section of 40 to 60% in the mixing ratio while the supplied particles of bituminous coal was increased from 6 mm to 10 mm, continuous operation was shown to be possible with upper differential pressure of 100 mmH2O (0.98 kPa) and more without addition of bed materials for the co-combustion of mixed anthracite and bituminous coal (to 50% or less of the ratio) and that of domestic coal and bituminous coal (to 60% of the ratio).

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1392-1398
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• 2005

API 581 guideline provides a methodology for calculating the risks of equipments in refinery or petrochemical plant. However, especially in part of the consequence of failure, there is a major limitation of its application to the petrochemical plant directly since only a representative material is considered in calculating the risk while the equipment is composed of numerous materials. The objectives of this paper are to propose an enhanced risk-based inspection (RBI) technique to resolve shortcomings inclusive of the above issue and to assess the risks of typical petrochemical equipments. In this respect, a program incorporating material database was developed to fully incorporate the characteristics of different materials. The proposed RBI program consists of qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative risk evaluation modules in which toxic materials as well as representative materials were selected automatically for comparison to those in the current guideline. It has been applied to assess the risks of equipments in ethylene facilities of petrochemical plants. Thereby, more realistic evaluation results were obtained and applicability of the proposed RBI program was proven.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.221-225
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• 2005

This paper proposes a gain scheduled control technique using time-delay for the nonlinear system with plant uncertainties and unexpected disturbances. The time delay-based gain scheduled control depends on a direct estimation of a function representing the effect of uncertainties. The information from the estimation is used to cancel the unknown dynamics and the unexpected disturbances simultaneously. The proposed estimation scheme with a finite convergence time is formulated in order to estimate the unborn scheduling variable variation. In other words, the time delay-based gain scheduled control uses the past observation of the system's response and the control input to directly modify the control actions rather than to adjust the controller gains or to identify system parameters. It has a simple structure so as to minimize the computational burden. The benefits of this proposed scheme are demonstrated in the simulation of an electromagnetic suspension system with plant uncertainties and external disturbances, and the proposed controller is compared with the conventional state feedback controller.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2003

Although various raw plant materials have been demonstrated to exert anti-obesity effects to a greater or lesser extent in both humans and animals when they are used to supplement the diet, it has not been shown extensively that they influence adipocyte cell differentiation involving lipid metabolic gene expressions. Using a well-established 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation system, we decided to look into molecular and cellular event occurring during adipocyte differentiation when raw plant materials aye included in the process, in an effort to demonstrate the potential use of a screening system to define the functions of traditionally well-known materials. To these ends, the effects of ethanol (EtOH) or EtOH/distilled water (DW) extracts of Wax Gourd were examined using cytochemical and molecular analyses to determine whether components of the extracts modulate adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-Ll preadipocytes in vitro. The cytochemical results demonstrated that EtOH or EtOH/DW extracts did not affect lipid accumulation and cell proliferation, although the degree of lipid accumulation was influenced slightly depending on the extract. EtOH extract was highly effective in apoptotic induction during differentiation of 3T3-Ll preadipocytes (p<0.05). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), Uncoupling protein (Ucp) 2, 3 and 4 also showed that while LPL expression was not influenced, Ucp2, 3 and 4 were up regulated in the EtOH extract-treated group and down regulated in the EtOH/DW extract-treated group. These changes in gene expressions suggest that the components in different fractions of Wax Gourd extracts may modulate lipid metabolism by either direct or indirect action. Taking these results together, it was concluded that molecular and cellular analyses of adipocyte differentiation involving lipid metabolic genes should facilitate understanding of cellular events occurring during adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, the experimental scheme and analytical methods used in this study should provide a screening system for the functional study of raw plant materials in obesity research.