• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.270-275
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to select and develop effect of eco-friendly organic materials for the eco-friendly prevention of Anthracnose occurred in the ginseng. Anthracnose on ginseng is occurred by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the crop damage is severe especially from July to August after rainy season. The test results showed that control effect by test products materials on the three years ginseng and four years ginseng field was lower in eco-friendly organic materials than that of chemical pesticide. However, the control effect of bordeaux mixture was higher with 71.3% and 73.8% levels than those of mineral matter, microbial agent, and developed plants extract mixtures (Eugenol, Curcumin, Wood vinegar, etc). On the other hand, three types of developed plants extract mixtures (3 types) showed control effect in a range of from 58.1% to 63.6% against Anthracnose which was higher as compared with plant extract alone and sodium silicate regardless of ages of ginseng. The results of this study would attribute in verifying the control effect of eco-friendly materials against Anthracnose for ginseng through investigating antimicrobial compounds contained in the plants body. Also, it would be used as control method against Anthracnose occurred in ginseng by judging the right control time through monitoring occurrence of disease.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.10a
• /
• pp.107-107
• /
• 2019

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammatory response and dysregulation of immune function. The severity of US has been influenced by environmental factors and food habit. The immune modulatory, anti-inflammatory and steroidal medicine have been used for the treatment of UC. However, long-term administration of those medicine is accompanied with side-effect. So, it is necessary to develop the non side-effect medicine using natural product. Prebiotics influences intestinal condition and food consumption. The heredity, immunity and environmental condition are related with occurrence of UC. In recent study, UC patients had lower level of prebiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium compared with healthy people. Also, previous study announced that imbalance of enteric flora aggravates the severity of UC. The effectiveness of probiotics might affect colon ability and viable bacteria also could promote the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Prebiotics, such as herbal medicine, could lead to balance of intestinal bacteria or increase beneficial bacteria. So, proper choice of herbal medicine could control the intestinal condition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mixture of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in vivo. The synbiotics consist of Lactobacillus buchneri, Polymnia sonchifolia and Glycine max Merr. in this study. To evaluate the effect of synbiotics, 3% DSS was administered in BALB/c mice and synbiotics was daily administered for experimental days. The administration of synbiotics regulated colon length shortening, body weight change and disease activity index effectively. Also, extract of synbiotics upregulated survival ability of Lactobacillus buchneri in gut condition. These results suggest that mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, called as synbiotics, could influence intestinal condition also regulate the colon disease. Synbiotics might be a therapeutic agent for treatment of UC.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2015

Sixteen compounds of Neobalanocarpus heimii were successfully identified directly from their plant extract using a triple quadrupole LC-MS/MS system. In order to fulfil the objectives of this work, a series of stilbene oligomers of various degrees of condensation were isolated and their structure are characterized. Out of these, four are resveratrol dimers, three trimers, and nine tetramers. The isolation process was done on a fully automated semi-preparative HPLC system. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as MS data. The mass fragmentation patterns of the compounds were recorded and a retrievable in-house library was built to keep the data. In order to demonstrate the potential of this approach, the polyphenolic crude extract was analysed with the LC-MS/MS system and the MS/MS spectra extracted for each chromatographic peak of interest. The fragmentation patterns were compared with those of anticipated pure compounds that were previously recorded. All compounds were successfully identified. It is therefore believed that the LC-MS/MS potential for dereplication of structurally similar compounds in a crude mixture was thus firmly established.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.449-457
• /
• 2010

This study investigated the effects of three kinds of water extract mixtures each with different ratios of A. capillaris, C. sinensis, S. chinensis, and V. coloratum on laying performance, egg quality, blood characteristics, and egg storage stability in laying hens. One hundred and sixty 35-wk-old laying hens (Hy-line brown) were divided into four groups of 10 birds each replicated times four. The treatments involved a basal diet (C, control) or diets containing three kinds of water extract mixtures at 200 ppm (T1, water extract mixture A; T2, water extract mixture B; T3, water extract mixture C). The egg production rate, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved in all treatments compared to those of control (p<0.05). Haugh unit and egg yolk color in all treated groups were significantly improved in comparison with control (p<0.05), but no significant differences were observed for egg shell quality. The content of total cholesterol in blood serum was significantly decreased in all treatments compared to that of control (p<0.05). The blood biochemical parameters of liver and kidney damage were significantly decreased in all treatments compared to those of control (p<0.05). Total antioxidant activity in the blood serum of all treated groups was increased as well. The Haugh unit and malondialdehyde content in the egg yolk during storage were significantly decreased in all treated groups compared to control (p<0.05). Consequently, the dietary supplementation of water extract mixtures of A. capillaris, C. sinensis, S. chinensis, and V. coloratum improved laying performance and egg quality but decreased egg quality deterioration with increased storage. These results suggest that medicinal plant extracts could be used as a feed additive in feed for laying hens.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.162-170
• /
• 2016

In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to detect different mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the common indoor fungus, Aspergillus versicolor, and demonstrate the potential usage of the plant as a bioindicator to monitor fungal VOCs in indoor air. We evaluated the volatile production of Aspergillus versicolor strains SRRC 108 (NRRL 3449) and SRRC 2559 (ATCC 32662) grown on nutrient rich fungal medium, and grown under conditions to mimic the substrate encountered in the built environment where fungi would typically grow indoors (moist wallboard and ceiling tiles). Using headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed VOC profiles of the two strains. The most abundant compound produced by both strains on all three media was 1-octen-3-ol. Strain SRRC 2559 made several terpenes not detected from strain SRRC 108. Using a split-plate bioassay, we grew Arabidopsis thaliana in a shared atmosphere with VOCs from the two strains of Aspergillus versicolor grown on yeast extract sucrose medium. The VOCs emitted by SRRC 2559 had an adverse impact on seed germination and plant growth. Chemical standards of individual VOCs from the Aspergillus versicolor mixture (2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-octen-3-ol, limonene, and ${\beta}-farnesene$), and ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ were tested one by one in seed germination and vegetative plant growth assays. The most inhibitory compound to both seed germination and plant growth was 1-octen-3-ol. Our data suggest that Arabidopsis is a useful model for monitoring indoor air quality as it is sensitive to naturally emitted fungal volatile mixtures as well as to chemical standards of individual compounds, and it exhibits relatively quick concentration- and duration-dependent responses.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 1997

This experiment was carried out to determine growth characteristics, dry matter (DM) yield, seasonal yield distribution and nutritive value of early- and late maturity orchardgrass, 1990 to 1992. The cultivars used in this study were Potomac, Hallmark (early maturing cultivar) and Lidacta, Rancho (late maturing cultivar), and a mixture plot (Potomac 25% + Hallmark 25% + Lidacta 25% + Rancho 25%) was involved. The seeding rate was 20 kgha in all treatments. Plant height of Potomac and Hallmark was longer than that of Lidacta and Rancho. The dates of initial heading and 50% heading of early maturing cultivars (Apr. 30 and May 10) were 10 days earlier than those of late matuing cultivars. Potomac and Hallmark were upright, and Lidacta and Rancho were semi-upright type, and severe disease and weeds (30 ~ 40%) were observed at Lidacta plot. On an average of three years, the DM yields of Potomac (10,549 kglna), Hallmark (10,435 kg) and mixture (10,356 kg) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of Rancho (9,457 kg) and Lidacta (8,218 kg). However, seasonal yield distribution of late maturing cultivars was better than that of early maturing cultivars. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen %ee extract, aude ash, neutral detergent fiber, P, K, Ca, and Mg were not significantly different between cultivars, but higher aude protein yield was found at Potomac, Hallmark and mixture plots. Based on the above results, it may be concluded that early maturing cultivars for high productivity, late maturing cultivars for seasonal yield distribution, and seeding of mixture andlor separation of early- and late maturing cultivars are recommended. Also Lidacta was a not promising cultivar due to low productivity, severe disease, and high weeds development.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.212-218
• /
• 2005

Hepatoprotective effects of the extract of Kochiae fructus (KF), a traditional oriental medicinal plant, were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$)-induced liver damage in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, $CCl_4,\;CCl_4$ plus methanol extract of KF (KFM-$CCl_4$), and $CCl_4$ plus butanol extract of KF (KFB-$CCl_4$) groups. KFM and KFB were orally administered once a day (200 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. A mixture of 0.2 mL/100 g body weight of $CCl_4$ in olive oil was injected at 30 minutes after the final administration of KFM and KFB. The KFB pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in the serum transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase levels in the $CCl_4$-treated rats. The $CCl_4$ treatment significantly lowered the activities of glutathione, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). However, pretreatment with KFM and KFB resulted in a significant increase in the glutathione, GR and GST levels. KFB increased the activities of SOD, catalase and GSH-Px, but KFM did not alter them. Pretreatment with KFM and KFB resulted in a significant decrease in the production of aminopyrine N-demethylase in the $CCl_4$-treated rats. KF extract would appear to contribute to alleviate the adveISe effect of $CCl_4$ treatment by enhancing the hepatic antioxidant defense system.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.363-369
• /
• 2019

This paper aims to assess the effect of herbal extract mixture, Ahn Tonic, on hair growth and examine the stability of this percutaneous hair growth ointment. The hair on the back of the mice C57b1/6N was removed, and 1% of the TXN(testosterone) was then applied for a week to prevent the hair growth. The experimental group was then treated with Ahn Tonic, 0.2 mL per day. The degree of newly grown hair was observed with a vernier caliper. We also measured the proportion of the newly growing hair section to the entire shaved section in the 4th week and 8th week by distinguishing the section turning black from the shaved area. To observe the effect of the test chemical product on hair follicles and hair roots, the biopsy was executed between week 4 and week 8. Gene expressions, which operate as a factor for growing hair in the skin tissues extracted from each experimental animals, were also observed through a real-time PCR gene amplification method. The results showed that the Ahn tonic group had statistically significant hair restoring effect compared to the control group in terms of microscopy, biopsy, and gene expressions. Ahn Tonic is considered to have an impact on the hair growth.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.383-390
• /
• 2014

The safety of a new natural plant composition (ADP) was assessed on the genotoxicity study and 14-day repeat dose toxicity study. ADP contains a mixed water extract obtained from the mixture of Phellodendron cortex (Phellodendron amurense) and Anemarrhena rhizoma (Anemarrhena asphodeloides), and poses the contractile properties mediated by alpha-adrenoceptor of the prostate and urethra as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In order to evaluate genetic safety, in vivo micronucleus test was performed in ICR mice orally administered with three dose levels of 1250, 2500, 5000 mg/kg body weight, and vehicle and positive control. In the 14 days study, Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with ADP at the dose levels of 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg once a day, and clinical signs, body weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, necropsy findings and organ weights were monitored and examined. In experimental results, ADP treatment, compared with vehicle control, did not induce the micronucleated erythrocytes from mouse bone marrow. In the 14 days study, any significant and toxicological differences in all measurements of parameters were not observed in ADP treatment groups of animals, compared with vehicle treatment. The No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) of ADP in the 14 days study was determined to be greater than 2000 mg/kg/day in both sexes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.352-363
• /
• 2005

The previous extensive in vitro studies on the antioxidative activities of a number of Korean grains, vegetables, seaweeds and mushrooms, and the various combinations of these food source exhibited a wide range of antioxidative activities, and four food mixtures composed of 5 kinds of foods (5A, 5B, 5C and 5D) were designed from 16 selective foods showing. high antioxidant effect, in vitro, to find the good combinations for the meal planning. Mixture 5B or 5C contained very high levels of total flavonoid and polyphenol, and ethanol extract from 5A, 5B or 5C showed very strong inhibitory effects against in vitro $Fe^{2+}-induced$ lipid peroxidation and ethanol extract from 5B or 5C showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging effect and lipid peroxide-protein conjugation inhibition effect. And in vivo study was also carried out with two mixtures (5B, 5C). Powders (P5B, P5C) or ethanol extracts (E5B, E5C) of these mixtures were supplemented to Sprague-Dawley rats fed on high fat $(15\%)-high$ cholesterol $(1\%)$ semipurified diet for 5 weeks. The total antioxidant power in serum was significantly higher in P5B, P5C, E5B and E5C groups than in high fat control group, and $ascorbate-Fe^{2+}-induced$ TBARS was significantly lowered by E5B supplementation in rat liver. In liver tissue, Cu, Zn-SOD activity was significantly higher in P5B and E5B groups than in high fat control group, while catalase or GSH-peroxidase (GPx) activity was not changed by any supplementations. In kidney, Cu, Zn­SOD activity was significantly higher in P5B group than in high fat control group, while GPx activity was not changed by any supplementations. Taken together, mixture 5B and 5C showed very strong antioxidative effects both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the ingredient Korean foods of 5B and 5C could be recommended to take a lot together for prevention from age-related chronic diseases.