• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 2006

The most effective conditions of In vitro culture and ex vitro sporophyte formation from prothallus were studied for mass propagation of Dyropteris varia. The most effective medium of prothallus proliferation was Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with 10:50mM of $NH_4^+:NO_3^-$ and 2% sucrose. The optimum pH level was 5.8 and prothallus growth was promoted on medium containing $0.6{\sim}0.8%$ agar. Almost of the tested growth regulators (NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, BAP, kinetin and 2ip) were inhibitory in prothallus proliferation as the concentration of growth regulators became higher. The highest number of sporophytes was obtained by transplanting prothallus on compost only than on any other soil compositions. Sporophyte formation was promoted remarkably by soaking prothallus with $100{\mu}M\;GA_3$ for 3 hours.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.252-264
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• 2017

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and the relatively high levels polyphenols is benefit for health. In this study, we developed an efficient system for proliferation of callus from 'Anji Baicha', a cultivar of tea (Camellia sinensis). Callus tissue was initially induced by culturing leaf explants on medium containing different plant growth regulators. For callus induction, thidiazuron (TDZ) was more effective than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), ${\alpha}-naphthalene$ acetic acid (NAA), and $N^6-benzyladenine$ (BA). The frequency of callus induction from leaf explants reached 90.21% on $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and the developed callus was reddish and friable. We also tested the effect of different concentrations of NAA, 2,4-D, indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), BA, and TDZ, alone and in combinations, on callus proliferation. Medium supplemented with TDZ in combination with IAA was suitable for callus proliferation and accumulation of tea polyphenols. The growth index value and tea polyphenol content of callus cultured on MS medium containing $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA was maximally 1,351% and 23.24%, respectively, and the relative abundance of epicatechin was as high as 17.449%. We also measured the antioxidant activity of all samples and the callus with the highest tea polyphenol content also exhibited high potential radical scavenging activity.

• ALGAE
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2022

Modern seaweed farming relies heavily on seedlings from natural beds or vegetative cuttings from previous harvests. However, this farming method has some disadvantages, such as physiological variation in the seed stock and decreased genetic variability, which reduces the growth rate, carrageenan yield, and gel strength of the seaweeds. A new method of seedling production that is sustainable, scalable, and produces a large number of high-quality plantlets is needed to support the seaweed farming industry. Recent use of tissue culture and micropropagation techniques in eucheumatoid seaweed production has yielded promising results in increasing seed supply and growing uniform seedlings in large numbers in a shorter time. Several seaweed species have been successfully cultured and regenerated into new plantlets in laboratories using direct regeneration, callus culture, and protoplast culture. The use of biostimulants and plant growth regulators in culture media increases the seedling quality even further. Seedlings produced by micropropagation grew faster and had better biochemical properties than conventionally cultivated seedlings. Before being transferred to a land-based grow-out system or ocean nets for farming, tissue-cultured seedlings were recommended to undergo an acclimatization process to increase their survival rate. Regular monitoring is needed to prevent disease and pest infestations and grazing by herbivorous fish and turtles during the farming process. The current review discusses recent techniques for producing eucheumatoid and other valuable seaweed farming materials, emphasizing the efficiency of micropropagation and the transition from laboratory culture to cultivation in land-based or open-sea grow-out systems to elucidate optimal conditions for sustainable seaweed production.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.184-192
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature ($15{\sim}40^{\circ}C$) and the spraying plant growth regulators ($GA_{4+7}+BA$ and prohexadione-calcium) during full blooming on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of the commercial apple cultivars ('Fuji' and 'Tsugaru') and apple cultivars bred in Korea ('Chukwang', 'Gamhong', 'Hongan', 'Honggeum', 'Hongro', 'Hwahong', 'Hongso', 'Summer dream' and 'Sunhong'). Pollen germination and pollen tube growth were increased with increasing temperature from 15 to $25^{\circ}C$, but high temperature over $30^{\circ}C$ inhibit those. The apple cultivar bred in Korea that shows the highest value on pollen germination and pollen tube growth at over $30^{\circ}C$ was 'Sunhong'. The spraying $GA_{4+7}+BA$ increased pollen germination and pollen tube growth than control, but that effect was not show at $40^{\circ}C$. The spraying prohexadione-calcium was not affect to pollen germination and pollen tube growth. In conclusion, if the air temperature during full bloom of apple tree rises about $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, the spraying $GA_{4+7}+BA$ after artificial pollination will be good to increasing fruit set.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.267-272
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• 2012

Overcoming harsh light environment, as well as increased growth of crops even in high-quality production can play an important role when using the LED light system of photosynthetic products will be able to effectively reduce consumption. In this study, low efficiency of farm greenhouses, growing annual reduction in income due to rising operating costs and increase crop growth by inducing the proper planting environment Factory-type raise farmers' income and at the same time will contribute to the increase of Light device using LED Supplemental through photosynthesis, promote and improve product quality, plant growth regulators are considered possible for them to develop more efficient LED devices and LED Optical processing devices of Light leaf lettuce grown using normal fluorescent or incandescent bulbs grown in the results than the growth can see that the speed improvements. Usually shipped from seedling to harvest leaf lettuce from 25 to 30, whereas optical processing device be required red light (wavelength: 645nm) using a leaf of lettuce grown enough to be harvested after seven days increased the rate of growth. In addition, red light (wavelength: 645nm) and blue light (wavelength: 470nm) emitting at the same time, room, and grown for 5 days to harvest the growth rate was fast enough.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.450-455
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the effects of plant growth regulators on the plant regeneration from leaf segments of Lilium callosum, L. concolor var. partheneion, and L. formosanum. Leaf segments were sectioned about 5 mm long and cultured on the basal medium (MS medium with $3\%$ sucrose and $0.8\%$ agar) under dark condition, The most effective plant regulators on harvesting more shoots from leaf culture of L. callosum were $0.2\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ and $0.5\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$. Culturing in the basal medium with $0.2\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ and $2.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$ was effective for leaf culture of L. concolor var. partheneion. The treatment of $1.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ and $1.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$ was the most effective condition for shoot harvest at the leaf culture of L. formosanum.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the effect of plant growth regulators on the formation of adventitious bud callus(ABC) and plant regeneration in shoot tip culture of Zantedeschia spp. 'Florex Gold'. Treatment of $0.1mgL^{-1}\;N$-phenyl-N'-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea(thidiazuron, TDZ) was more promotive for formation of ABC in shoot tip culture than 6-benzylaminopurine(BA) treatment, and short shoots were developed. Comparing to treatment of BA, mixing treatment of BA and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA) inhibited the formation of ABC and multiple shoot. The proliferation of ABC derived from sections(0.3 cm) of ABC produced by shoot tip culture in medium supplemented with $0.1mgL^{-1}\;TDZ$ was more effective in medium with $0.1mgL^{-1}\;TDZ$ or $2.0mgL^{-1}\;BA$ than the other treatments. The shoot regeneration and growth from sections of ABC was more promotive in treatment of $0.001mgL^{-1}\;TDZ$. Also, the root growth from sections of ABC was better in medium with $0.001mgL^{-1}\;TDZ$ or $0.2mgL^{-1}\;BA$. Consequently, in vitro mass production of Zantedeschia spp. 'Florex Gold' can be obtained via indirect organogenesis through plant regeneration and proliferation of ABC which was derived from shoot tip culture at $0.1mgL^{-1}\;TDZ$.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.278-281
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• 2006

The effect of plant growth regulators was investigated on in vitro shoot proliferation from axillary bud explants of Hypericum erectum. To determine the optimal cytokinin for proliferation of axillay buds, we carried out screening four cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2iP, TDZ). When nodal segments were cultured on MS medium supplemented with $4.5\;{\mu}M$ TDZ (thidiazuron), a number of shoots were induced. Our results indicated that the addition of TDZ to culture medium resulted in the induction of significantly more axillary buds than in the addition of other cytokinins. The optimal concentration of TDZ for proliferation of axillary buds was $10\;{\mu}M$. 92% of shoots spontaneously rooted without any plant growth regulator (PGR) and formed whole plantlets within one month. More than 95% of these regenerants survived and they did not show any detectable variation in morphology or growth characteristics compared to their donor plants.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of length of storage period under low temperature, $CO_2$ enrichment and addition of plant growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog medium on the plant regeneration of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Seeds were treated for 60 and 80 days respectively under $5^{\circ}C$ environment. 2500ppm of $CO_2$ was enriched by ventilation. Three plant growth regulators added to the medium were Indolbutyric acid, Benzyladenin and Gibberellic acid (GA3). The result indicated that : The capacity of differentiation was higher in the aged cotyledons from the seeds treated for 80 days under low temperature condition than in those treated for 60 days. $CO_2$ enrichment had stimulating effects on the growth and development of shoot primordium significantly but less effects on the formation of adventitious buds. From one zygotic embryo hundreds of plantlets were differentiated. $CO_2$ enrichment had effects on the formation of both indirect somatic embryo and direct somatic embryo. Indirect somatic embryo showed little growth and differentiation, being undifferentiated vascular stele and epicotyl. Direct somatic embryos were formed on the epidermis of backside basal part of cotyledon. Those embryos developed to whole plant having latent bud.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.432-435
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• 2006

A rapid and mass propagation method for multiple shoots and plant regeneration using bulb scales of Muscari comosum var. plumosum were developed. In vitro different parts of bulb scale as explants were cultured on 11 kinds of MS (1962) media supplemented with various plant growth regulators to induce shoot and callus. A combination of 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 2.0 mg/L IBA on MS medium was the most favorable and induced the highest production (80%) of shoot formation after 30 days. We also found that the middle part of bulb scale was the best for mass propagation of Muscari comosum var. plumosum of which production could reach 64.4%.