• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2015

Currently, level of service(LOS) analysis methods for pedestrian sidewalks are provided in Korean Highway Capacity Manual(KHCM, 2013). However, conventional methods provided in the KHCM produce most of pedestrian sidewalks' LOS as level A, indicating that existing analysis methods are unable to reflect realistic pedestrian sidewalks' LOS. The objectives of this research are to identify the suitability of current LOS criteria and to propose improved LOS evaluation criteria and methods with pedestrian volume data carried out for 10,000 sites in 2009. This research proposes new criteria by using the qualitative definition of LOS proposed by Fruin and Hall, new standard Korean human scale and new criteria of pedestrian occupancy space. Application results of new criteria show that more realistic results can be achieved than the existing methods. It is expected that applying the newly developed criteria and methods can make planning, design and construction of pedestrian sidewalks more realistic and various.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2017

Although nursing homes where physically weak seniors live must be planned as an healing environment for maintaining and improving holistic health conditions of the senior residents, many of the nursing homes in Korea are currently placed in poor environment due to lack of minimum criteria or design guideline for spatial planning. Therefore, this study aims to extract healing elements shown in nursing home design guidelines that have been developed and utilized in several developed welfare countries where aging has started before Korea. The subjects of this study were 4 international nursing homes design guidelines; and they were analyzed by the content analysis technique. As for analysis units, design guideline items were selected; and spatial composition, three dimensions of health, and healing elements for supporting the health conditions were used as analysis categories. As results, firstly, among total 259 guidelines, the guidelines that commonly applied to all the spaces turned out to be the most, then the guidelines to be applied in bathroom turned out to be the most. Secondly, in terms of holistic health, the proportion of design guideline for supporting physical health turned out to be highest followed by the one for mental health and social health. Thirdly, In terms of healing elements, items for safety, accessibility, comfort, and convenience that supported physical health and cognition that supported mental health turned out to be high. This study is expected to provide the framework for comprehensively understanding the existing design guidelines of nursing homes in the perspective of healing and to be utilized as fundamental resource for spatial planning to improve healing effects in the nursing homes in the future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.188-198
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• 2013

Advancement toward aging society has presented the importance of house planning in consideration of the elderly, increasing the necessity of such planning. Therefore the importance of indoor design guideline for elderly houses has been stressed and the understanding of the aging in regard to this trend will create more mature spaces. In line with this trend the purpose of this study is to study the medical factors related with bathroom interior design guidelines of the existing elderly houses from the viewpoint of deteriorating physical functions due to aging process. In order to research the deterioration of physical functions due to aging literatures of medical and exercise physiology were used and concerning the existing bathroom design guidelines for the aged people, the guideline items of behavior facilitation, physiological maintenance and perceptual maintenance aspects out of Murtha & Lee's user benefit criteria(1976) related with physical functions were selected to research in relation with the knowledge about the deterioration phenomena of physical functions. Physical aging and deterioration aspects were classified from the viewpoint of musculoskeletal disorder, cardiovascular disorder, respiratory disorder, gastronomy disorder, urology disorder, somatosensory disorder, endocrine disorder, immune disorder, nervous disorder and skin diseases and these were utilized in interpreting total 100 items of bathroom design guideline. Because bathroom is the space where many physical movements are done, it had the closest relationship with the deterioration of musculoskeletal health in general and as bathroom is the space where people use water and feel the difference in temperature and moisture more than other spaces, deterioration of skin and somatosensory health had the next closest relationship. The result of this study revealed that regarding the deterioration of physical functions of the elderly people in aspect of their perceptibility as designers will design creatively and sincerely based on its relationship with nervous system in future, the result of this study will be used to develop better spatial designs efficiently to meet for the aging society.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.95-106
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the "朝鮮古建築物", the list of architectural heritages in Korea during the early Japanese colonial period. The list included architectural heritage of the region of North Korea in the colonial era. A process of listing was showing the meaning of an architectural heritage for the Japanese General Government through the criteria of selecting buildings registered on the list. This study revealed the process of a survey for making list and explored the criteria of the list. The result of this effort will contribute to determining the historical background of North Korea's architectural heritage in the early days.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.11-20
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• 2018

To prevent illegal building work in advance, regional building safety centers were introduced to perform technical investigations and management. The purpose of this study is to propose the detailed operational directions of the regional building safety center through the analysis on the current status of parameters, such as the operation of designated confirmation and inspection bodies in Japan. We consider the role, building administrative process and establishment criteria of regional building safety centers through the analysis the introduction background and the designation criteria of designated confirmation and inspection bodies. In establishing the center's professional manpower qualifications, we refer to the criteria for the professional qualifications of the designated confirmation and inspection bodies. In addition, the calculation method of required manpower of verification inspectors in Japan was used as a reference in setting the scale of regional professional manpower. Finally, we propose the detailed operational directions of the regional building safety center such as (1)roles of the center, (2)establishing management plan of the center, (3)work scope (4)scale of the professional manpower, (5)qualification of the professional manpower, and (6)funds.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

Purpose: Clinical laboratory of hospital has been demanded to extension or relocation regarding with the test number increase and analyzer development. Space area criteria per test numbers, lab functions, hospital bed and lab staffs are needed for draft space programing. So, the purpose of this study is to provide the space area guideline of clinical laboratory for space calculation in planning and design the spatial environment. Methods: Literature review has been used in checking the standards and guidelines. And questionnaire surveys to laboratory supervisors in hospitals have been conducted for the data collection. 60 answers have been analysed statistically by MS Excel program. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into three way calculations. The first one shows that the basic standard workspace and distance is applied in lab design. The second one shows that average space area criteria resulted from case studies is applied by 19㎡ per one staff, 0.9~1.0㎡ per one bed, and lastly linear length calculation of workbenches and analyzers on the bench top and floor mount, is multiplying it by the sum of the counter depth plus aisle width. Implications: In updating the space area calculation guidelines, it is necessary to cooperate with medical staffs and designers.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest a proper plan about the exterior space of elementary school in Korea through analyzing the various factors of the exterior spaces in foreign elementary school case. because the foreign cases have diversified eco-friendly certification standards on the elementary school unlike Korean cases. Method: First, we review the recent eco-friendly research trends of elementary schools and the external space characteristics of elementary schools that are currently being studied through related literary surveys, And we review the korean criteria factor for eco-friendly certification, we draw the types of exterior space thorough analysis framework, using the korean criteria factor. Second, the foreign cases of the elementary school were chosen, and then some planning data such as architecture scheme, design concepts and drawings will be collected. So the data were analysed and then the characteristics of physical setting and eco-friendly certification standards will be drawn. Third, We analyzed the characteristics and factor of physical and eco-friendly of exterior space through the drawn types. Result: The various physical settings are appeared physical environment. when we analyzed certification factors at korean eco-friendly standards, the suggestion and guide about the eco-friendly elements than the numerical goals were treated importantly in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

The Burj Dubai Project will be the tallest structure ever built by man; when completed the tower will be more than 700 meter tall and more than 160 floors. The early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering considerations played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this residential tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria. This paper presents a brief overview of the structural system development and considerations of the tower and discusses the construction planning of the key structural components of the tower.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.570-575
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• 2013

Enhancing utilization of buildings is gaining in importance in response to a challenging economy; thus, there is a need for a method that analyzes space, user, and user activity in an integrated way to provide project stakeholders with utilization information to support their decision-making about buildings. Conventional methods, such as architectural programming and post-occupancy evaluation, lack a formal relationship between user activity and other information, and therefore, are coarse-grained. This relationship has been formalized by two relatively new methods that provide fine-grained utilization information: workplace planning and space-use analysis. We characterize these two methods with focuses on their usage in different phases (i.e., planning, design, occupancy), required information that needs to be gathered, and the achievement and limitations in terms of three criteria, i.e., consistency, efficiency, and transparency. This characterization would not only help project stakeholders select and use a method that best meets their purposes for enhancing utilization of their buildings, but also provide researchers with promising research topics regarding enhancing utilization of buildings.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2014

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System provides third-party verification for environmentally sustainable construction. But while LEED-certified buildings provide healthier work and living environments, Previous studies have shown that LEED certification does not provide any direct economic incentives to owners and developers. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate the economic benefits of LEED criteria. The objective of this study is to examine whether or not there is a significant correlation between median household income and the number of bus stops and light rail stations for a given parcel that meet LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access. The findings showed that the number of bus stops had a positive correlation with median household income, which means that more bus stops a given parcel had that met LEED criteria, the greater the median household income of a block group where the given parcel was located would be, though this positive correlation was very weak.