• 농촌계획
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2016

A disaster can be defined in many ways based on perspectives, in addition, its types are able to classify differently by various standards. Considering the different perspectives, the disaster can be occurred by natural phenomenon that is like typhoon, earthquake, flood, and drought, and by the accident that is like collapse of facilities, traffic accidents, and environmental pollution, etc. Into the modern society, moreover, the disaster includes the damages by diffusion of epidemic and infectious disease in domestic animals. The disaster was defined by natural and man-made hazards in the past. As societies grew with changes of paradigm, social factors have been included in the concept of the disaster according to new types unexpected by new disease and scientific technology. Change the concept of social disasters, Ministry of Public Safety and Security (MPSS) has provided the regional safety index, which measures the safety level of a local government. However, this regional safety index has some limitation to use because this index provides the information for city unit which is a unit of administrative districts of urban. Since these administrative districts units are on a different level with urban and rural areas, the regional safety index provided by MPSS is not be able to direct apply to the rural areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the regional safety index targeting rural areas. To estimate the safety index, we was used for 3 indicators of the MPSS, a fire, a crime, and an infectious disease which are evaluable the regional safety index using an accessibility analysis. For determining the regional safety index using accessibility from community centers to public facilities, the safety index of fire, crime, and infectious disease used access time to fire station, police office, and medical facility, respectively. An integrated Cheongju, targeting areas in this study, is mixed region with urban and rural areas. The results of regional safety index about urban and rural areas, the safety index in rural area is relatively higher than in the urban. Neverthless the investment would be needed to improve the safety in the rural areas.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2022

대규모 재난이 전 세계적으로 발생하여 막대한 사회·경제적 피해가 발생하고 있다. 군은 오래전부터 위기·재난관리를 위한 법령제정, 조직정비, 시스템 구축 등을 수행하였으나, 대규모 재난으로 군 핵심기능 중단 상황은 고려하지 않았다. 미군은 9.11 테러를 계기로 모든 위기상황에서 군의 핵심기능 지속을 목적으로 하는 기능연속성전략을 발전시켰으며, 중단없는 안보기능을 보장하여 국가연속성에 이바지하고 있다. 우리 군은 위기 및 재난관리시스템을 구축하였으나, 재난과 위기상황을 관리하고 통제하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 군의 관리능력을 벗어난 대규모 위기상황에서도 군 핵심기능 보장을 위한 제도가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 ISO22301 국제표준, 미국 정부 및 군, 일본 정부COOP 지침을 비교·검토하였다. 그리고 ISO22301을 기준으로 미군 연속성 지침을 참고하여 군사분야 COOP전략지침안(案)을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 지침은 미(美) 육·해·공군 지침의 장점을 취합하여 군사적 특성을 기존 표준에 적용·발전시킨 국내 최초 COOP계획 관련 지침이다. 기존 위기 / 재난관리매뉴얼과 정책으로 대응이 제한되는 위기상황에서 군 핵심기능 유지를 위한 제도도입 및 계획수립의 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 과학교육연구지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.127-138
• /
• 2023

본 연구에서는 초등학생의 디지털 소양 함양을 위한 예비 초등교사의 과학 수업 실행을 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 광주광역시의 ㄱ교육대학교 4학년 학생 4명을 대상으로 면담을 실시하였고, 교수학습과정안과 수업 실행 영상을 분석하였다. 면담 질문은 과학 수업 계획 단계와 과학 수업 실행 단계, 과학 수업 실행 후 단계로 구분하였고, 면담 내용은 녹음 후 전사하여 범주화하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 과학 수업 계획 단계에서 예비 초등교사들은 초등학생의 디지털 소양 함양을 위해 디지털 교수학습 도구를 선택할 때 해당 주제의 활동과의 관련성, 초등학생에게 익숙한 정도 등을 고려하였다. 교수학습과정안을 작성하면서 디지털 소양함양 관련 기준을 설정하는 데 어려움을 겪었다. 둘째, 과학 수업을 실행하면서 예비 초등교사들은 학생의 수업 참여도 향상, 실시간 자료 공유를 통한 학생별 지도 가능성 증가 등의 긍정적인 경험을 했던 반면에, 디지털 교수학습 도구를 원활하게 활용하지 못해서 수업 시간이 초과되기도 하였다. 셋째, 과학 수업 후에 예비교사들은 수업에 대한 성찰 및 요구사항을 제시하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 예비 초등교사들의 디지털 소양 개발 필요성과 교육대학 교육과정 개선의 필요성을 제안하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.188-198
• /
• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 국내 개발된 치료계획장치(Treatment Planning System, TPS)인 CorePLAN$^{TM}$에서의 빔 모델링을 기반으로 하는 Collapsed Cone Convolution (CCC) 선량 계산 알고리듬의 정확성을 평가하는 것이다. 여러 셋업 조건에 따라 빔 모델을 TPS에 생성하였고, 6 MV와 15 MV 광자 에너지에 대하여 $50{\times}50{\times}50cm^3$의 물 팬톰 내에서 CCC 알고리듬을 사용하여 선량 계산을 하였다. 대상 조사면은 $4{\times}4cm^2$, $6{\times}6cm^2$, $10{\times}10cm^2$, $20{\times}20cm^2$, $30{\times}30cm^2$와 $40{\times}40cm^2$을 대상으로 하였고, 각각에 대하여 열린 조사면과 쐐기 조사면으로 구분하였다. 생성된 빔 모델들은 측정된 데이터와 계산된 데이터의 심부선량백분율(Percent depth dose, PDD)과 선량프로파일(lateral profile)을 비교하여 모든 깊이에서도 잘 맞는지 평가하였다. 측정된 방사선량과 CorePLAN$^{TM}$에서 CCC 알고리듬을 이용하여 계산된 방사선량은 PDD에 있어 build-up 영역을 제외하고 열린 조사면은 최대 2%, 쐐기 조사면는 최대 3% 이내로 일치하였다. 선량프로파일은 조사면 내 영역에서는 1%, 반음영 영역에서는 4% 이내로 일치함을 확인하였다. 모든 조사면에서 반음영을 제외한 $10{\times}10cm^2$에서 최대 $40{\times}40cm^2$까지의 선량프로파일에 대하여 측정된 방사선량과 계산된 방사선량이 3% 이내로 일치하였다. 반면에, 열린 조사면에 비하여 쐐기 조사면에서 선량 차이가 뿔(horn) 영역의 가장자리에서 4%까지 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과에서 보여주는 선량 차이는 일부 영역을 제외하고 국제 기준에 적합한 결과값을 보였다. 선량 차이가 크게 발생하는 영역은 임상적으로 중요성이 크지 않은 표면 영역임을 감안할 때, 임상에서의 활용이 가능하리라 기대된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2005

In Incheon metropolitan city, the urban open space areas are deficient and it is nearly impossible to obtain newly the land for parks by reason of the risk of the land value, the budgetary deficit and so forth. Therefore, it seems to be urgent to consider how to manage the established urban natural park efficiently to enhance the quality of recreational experiences of the public. The organization for the urban natural parks management is to be completely put in good order, for the objects to manage is changeable as well as diverse and what users need should be full satisfied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of urban natural park's management suggest the improvement and development directions in urban natural park by group(professionals and Users). To do this, data were collected in the typical regions by urban natural park for this study, using the questionnaires. In these urban natural park, the on-site survey was carried out the users of these urban natural park during October in 2004. Also The analysis was done with the valid questionnaires of user's 644 and professional's 146. The questionnaires contained three of categories : openspace types' satisfaction and urban natural park's satisfaction, and management, and park user's socioeconomic characteristics and behaviors. Data collected from respondents were analysized by descriptive statistics, T-test, factor analysis and regression analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; The evaluation of urban natural park management is predicted the operation management. So, one can draw a conclusion that user's needs is likely to be increased correspondingly as urban natural park planning and design, management which meets the overall satisfaction. Using the results of this study, we can make a guideline for a park management program, market positioning, standards and provisions of urban natural park by group.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to analyze health promotion villages from the perspective of therapeutic architecture, and to provide basic information for planning relevant health facilities. On the basis of a review of previous literature, the characteristics of therapeutic architecture were classified into eight categories: safety, comfort, sociality, autonomy, openness, diversity, privacy, and natural environment. Field study and observation were performed in four health promotion villages that conduct programs for lifestyle improvement, physical fitness, and treatment; these villages were also considered to have a healthy residential environment. The researcher and three assistants visited the facilities and checked utilization of space through interviews with the staff and guided tours. Basic information about the subject facilities, such as the purpose of establishment, was gathered from websites before visits. Two of the villages examined in this study had a traditional Korean wooden structure, while the other two were reinforced concrete and masonry block structures. All the facilities emphasized the use of environmentally friendly material and harmony with nature. Each site was divided into the following areas: office, residence, health/treatment, public/rest, and outdoor. The safety standards of the healing architecture were not completely satisfactory at all facilities. In particular, it was found that they lacked adequate universal design equipment. However, the healing characteristics of autonomy and diversity were strong. With regard to autonomy, the facilities allowed visitors to select indoor-outdoor moving lines and the use of front- and backyards constructed on slopes. In addition, they were equipped with many entries, staircases, void, terraces, and crossroads. The architecture was aesthetically designed using feng shui symbolism, and visitors found the scenes depicted in various spaces in the villages to be stimulating. Besides, the facilities were constructed using natural materials, had a natural indoor environment, and provided a sense of spaciousness and flexibility.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제11권12호
• /
• pp.577-588
• /
• 2013

이 논문은 환경정보공개에 대한 문헌 고찰과 환경정보공개시스템에 공시된 41개 의료기관의 환경정보(2011)를 바탕으로 제도시행의 개선점과 병원의 적절한 대응방안을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 분석은 질적분석 방법을 사용하였고, 분석항목은 의무 7개 항목과 자율 11개의 총 18개 항목을 대상으로 하였다. 조사대상병원은 33개 종합병원, 6개 병원, 1개 의원이었다. 연구 결과 제도는 (1) 시민참여 확대, (2) 기업개요항목 개선, (3) 항목의 명확한 정의설정, (4) 입력단위의 통일, (5) 철저한 검증시행, (6) 추가정보에 대한 기준마련 부분에서 개선되어야 할 필요가 있다. 의료기관의 대응방안으로는 (1) 입력항목의 신뢰도 향상, (2) 병원의 친환경 전략 및 녹색경영시스템 정비, (3) 용수/에너지 절감활동 데이터 축적, (4) 온실가스 저감계획 수립, (5) 녹색구매지침의 도입검토, (6) 디지털 환경(지속가능) 보고서 공개가 중요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.40-52
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to investigate opinions and experiences of hospital CEOs' and QI managers toward the National Hospital Evaluation Program which was implemented in 2004 and to recommend various strategies to improve the program. Methods: We conducted a mail survey with CEOs and QI　managers' of 78 hospitals with 500 beds or more that participated the 2004 National Hospital Evaluation Program. Results: About 70.8% of the participating CEOs and 64.0% of the QI　managers felt that the objectives of the evaluation program weren't fully achieved. Most respondents said that the current program required a partial or an overall change. Evaluation Criteria was the most often cited area for a change. Many respondents pointed out the importance of including clinical quality indicators in the evaluation tool. Conclusions: To upgrade hospital services with better quality, it is most important to first reach consensus on objectives and approaches of the evaluation program among various players. For a consistent planning and implementation, it is urgent to set up a more systematic organization and financing mechanism. Also, evaluation approaches, including evaluation criteria, methods, patient satisfaction assessment, as well as ways to summarize and publicize each hospital's performance should be improved.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.87-104
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted as a part of the project developing the standards of national board test for the dietitian's licence. The purpose of this study was to define the job description of dietitians, and to describe the task elements based on the detailed analysis of the dietitians' work. This study team established the research team which was composed of food and nutrition experts, 7 of registered dietitians and 3 of university professors. Draft job description form was made to fully explain the dietitians' task elements, process and sequence by the research team. Final job description form was confirmed after the validity of 576 task elements was reevaluated upon 4 point scale test based on the frequency, importance, and difficulty by 21 field registered dietitian by the study team. It was also confirmed by the university. This form was formated by following DACUM method which analyzed the job description containing duty, task and task elements. It was organized to include every dietitians' work and to describe the every detailed process of work. Duty was defined as the specific and independent work as a dietitian, and was composed of 17 parts, i.e 10 parts in food supply management area and 6 parts in nutritional care service area and self promotion area. Duties were also divided into 99 tasks containing the 576 detailed task elements to describe definite action, steps and decisions. Seventeen parts are following; menu planning, storage and inventory control, food production, meal service, waste management, sanitation, equipment and facility management, human resource management, financial management, nutrition assessment of life cycle, nutritional assessment of several disease, nutritional assessment in specific condition, medical nutrition therapy, nutritional education, public health nutrition and self promotion. If these protocols are properly performed and presented, they can provide the likelihood that dietetics professionals work as a primary contributors in promoting health care and preventing disease nationally.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.313-332
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This year 2020 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Society of Nursing Science (KSNS). This study was aimed to explore development of caring and describe the 50 years of history of KSNS within the sociocultural context of Korea regarding academic footsteps, meanings, and implications for the future. Methods: This study used a historical research methodology using a literature review and bibliometric analysis. Relevant literature was reviewed and the published abstracts in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (JKAN) were analyzed using VOSviewer. Results: Birth control and family planning in the 1970s was the main research topic. In the 1980s, the development of nursing concepts, theories, and philosophies was the mission of KSNS to extend the disciplinary boundary. In the 1990s, the progress of KSNS to become one of the woman-dominant healthcare professionals was the mission in the given period. Expanding the frontiers of KSNS to the extent of global standards was the undertaking of the nursing scholars in the 2000s. Lastly, in the 2010s, the quality and quantity improvement of KSNS and JKAN is expected to make our future even prosperous. The map visualization of the 50 years of research accumulation showed the comparable opposition of quantitative vs. qualitative research methodologies, equation modeling, and instrument development. Conclusion: These clusters of research demonstrates the efforts to make nursing evidence by Korean nursing scholars for the last five decades. The growth in the slope of KSNS and outcomes of JKAN are to carry on to an unimaginable extent in the future.