• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.34.4-35
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• 2008

The significant I&T process gain represented by reduction in overall budget expenditure can be obtained from the use of efficient alignment technique for large space optical systems. Such process gain tends to increase rapidly with an increase in aperture and/or in number of optical elements within the system. However, in practice, the alignment of multiple optical components tends to be rather difficult task because of the multiple coupling effects among the elements within the target system. In order to understand and hence identify the complex interplay of the wavefront coupling effects from the alignment process, the original differential wavefront sampling(DWS) method was presented elsewhere in recent years. DWS uses partial differential of the wavefront of optical component and perturbation value of the optical component against a particular alignment factor. The straightforward application of DWS for an off-axis optical system revealed that it tends to give incorrect estimation of the given misalignment state. In this study, we added off-axis correction terms to the original DWS algorithm and investigated its alignment performance. The performance simulation result for a Korsch type space optical system shows that the modified DWS is capable of bringing the misaligned system into the target alignment tolerance only after 3 iterations. It also shows that this new improved algorithm can be used to estimate the source misalignment as well. We are planning to apply this method for the alignment of a 800mm Korsch type telescope in the near future. We discuss the computational technique, simulation results and implications in details.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

Natural lighting is directly connected with our mental and physical health. For working or learning effect, the proper natural lighting is required for improving our living conditions. School facilities, especially, are the place where includes students' ordinary activities with learning behaviors during the school years from elementary to high school. This study was carried out for the purpose introducing a basic database in that planning a school by researching on the actual in the natural lighting system of some schools' classroom, estimating, and analyzing through a simulation, which resulted in a method of improving the natural lighting system. As a result of measuring and analyzing Daylight Factor(DF) during the time from 9 am to 3 pm when students are activating in their classroom, generally DF range of the sides near to window and aisle seats zone are not distributed well. Besides, two out of four school which are researched would not reach the standards of the law for school sanitary while rest of the schools meet the standards; Average DF 5% and Minimum DF 2%. And the result of a simulation by RADIANCE program shows the most appropriate DF range when it is applied in variable numbers about an oriehows the- South-east 15, south-east 30, south-east 45, south-west 15, south-west 30, and south-west 45 degrees. When it is applied in the variable numbers about glass transmittance - 60%, 70%, and 80% in condition facing south of a classroom, the result shows that the DF range of 80% transmittance is relatively higher than other glasses in the classroom. Thus, when a school is built, plans for an orientation is necessary for improve of elementary schools' environment with the glass installation which is made for high transmittance and is regarded with the students' activities time.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.47-61
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to suggest the spatial composition and area of the intensive care units through analysis of current situation for the standards establishment of the intensive care units in public district hospitals in the future. Methods: Three Methods have been used in this paper. 1) Literature reviews about composition, location, foreign standards on intensive care units. 2) Comparative analysis on the architectural drawing for the space program and the area. 3) Field survey in order to confirm differences between architectural drawing and current situation. Results: 1) The intensive care units is required to be linked by the operating department, the emergency department and the sterile supply department upon considerations of accessibility of emergency patients and the infection control. 2) The intensive care unit consists of five areas such as the patient area, the medical staff area, the material and equipment area, the patient family area, and the public area. 3) The location of spaces in the intensive care unit is classified by three methods such as connection by view, circulation and connection to corridor. The [table 20] summarizes the type of space and the average size of the space in intensive care unit. Implications: This study is a basic research for guideline of intensive care units, and need to be followed by further study using various perspectives and methods in the future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.71-80
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• 2007

Although the history of the contemporary museum architecture is relatively short, the concept of its existence has changed owing to its openness to the spectators at large. Within the short period of time, it has developed into a multi functional architecture with eduinfortainment function for the general publics in concert of the changes of its social activities in addition to its innate function as a museum to meet the intellectual desires of the spectators. Therefore, this study looks Into how to suffice the ever changing Intellectual desires of the spectators and the various spatial correspondences in accordance with the social and cultural roles of the museum with purpose to present the materials of the typological characteristics of the third generation museum architecture, which shows diversifying propensity, by means of an analytical study on the characteristics of the third generation museum architecture with confidence in mind that such materials are needed in the early planning stage. The chapter 2 divides the museum architecture into three generations for a comparative analytical study and presents the three classification standards thru the preceding studies related to the museum typological classifications. In accordance with the standards, 60 selective art museums have been classified by their typological patterns. The chapter 3 shows the result of the typological space classification of the 60 art museums through an analyzation on the typological characteristics and the interrelations of them. Such study is considered to furnish important measures for the realization of the substance of the museum architecture. At the same time, it Is also judged to play an instrumental role for the theoretical system of the communication function and classification required in the early designing stage as well as to play an educational role important as the designing guide line.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.107-122
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• 1998

Visitor Impact Management (VIM) framework was developed in the United States to help recreation resources management to be more systematic and effective. It consists of a series of steps from examining problems and their causes to planning and implementing management strategies in order to solve the problems. This study was conducted to find management problems in Moodeung-san Provincial Park and suggest some alternatives based on VIM framework. Data were collected by on-site survey and a mail-back questionnaire in August of 1996 in Moodeung-san Provincial Park. Out of 1173, 519 respondents (44.2%) were used for the study. According to the study results, there were differences between users' perceptions about the present use of the park and the users' personal norms about the use of the park. That is, while 46% of the respondents considered the park should be used as 'the place for calm and meditiation,' only 19% of the respondents considered the park had been used as 'the place for calm and meditation.' Three social indicators (the number of users, the number of seeing others' inconsiderate behaviors, and the crime) and four ecological indicators (littering, human waste, trail conditions, and water quality of Moodeung-san valleys) were selected for the major managerial indicators of the study area. Generally, five out of 7 selected indicators were in worse conditions than the evaluative standards, Five indicators which were evaluated as in worse conditions include two social indicators (the number of users and the number of seeing others' inconsiderate behaviors) and three ecological indicators (littering, human waste and trail conditions). Two other indicators such as water quality of Moodeung-san valley and the crime were identified to be important for users' recreational experience. More concerns and systematic investigations on these indicators are needed. This study discussed some management strategies to solve the identified problems, and introduced how mangers may make use of these information for recreation resource menagement in the park.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.75-85
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• 2017

Objectives : The new health technology assessment (nHTA) involves evaluating the safety and efficacy of the new health technology under the Medical Services Act by the New Health Technology Assessment Project Division from 2007. The purpose of this study is to understand the status of applications and recent trends of the results, and suggest strategies for the development of new health technologies in Korean Medicine. Methods : We investigated and analyzed the results of evaluation of new health technology of whole conventional medical and the list of new health technologies in Korean Medicine provided by the New Health Technology Assessment Project Division from 2007 to 2016. Results : The number of applications for new health technology of Korean medicine was low as 41 items in the whole number of 2,013 items. The evaluation method of new health technologies in both, the whole medical and Korean medicine fields was the same, but the tendency in results was very different. Most of the new health technology items in Korean medicine were classified as existing technology (20 items), early stage technology (7 items), and Only 2 items were evaluated as research stage technology. Conclusions : In order to develop new health technology in the Korean medical field, we have made suggestions about the health technology assessment systems, R&D infrastructures, and corporation with conventional medicines.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2008

A new movement in forming community villages for better living standards is becoming popular. In order to sustain a proper community, it is essential to design proper community programs and facilities, which can encourage the proactive participation of residents. In this study, detailed aspects of the Mindlre (Dandelion) community (including formation process and management of the village) are investigated. The Mindlre community is a successful community village in Korea concerned with residents' participation and community activities. The community is located in Sancheong, Gyungsangnamdo province in Korea. The study methods are references, field trips, and interviews with residents. Six areas were surveyed and investigated: the physical environment of the Mindlre community and eco-friendly elements, respondents' background and the motivation to join, residents composition, residents' participation in the formation process of the community, self-management systems and common activities, and residents's life satisfaction. The mindlre Community was founded on Christian religions faith. The primary idea of this village was building a new hope for rural areas without discrimination. The size of the village was expanded with housing for teachers and students who were linked with the Mindlre School (substitution school). When the community was founded, existing shapes of the village were preserved. The village was physically renovated based on the original environment, in addition nature friendly materials and methods were used. The residents were proactively involved in the community through regular meetings, self-regulation, and community worship. Although the survey results should that most residents were highly satisfied with living standards, there seemed to be no clear division between community facilities and private houses. A systematic and detailed space planning technique was required. In addition, various community facilities are required due to the expansion of the community.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1472-1488
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• 2019

Critical elements in the China's Lunar Exploration reside in that the lunar rover travels over the surrounding undetermined environment and it conducts scientific exploration under the ground control via teleoperation system. Such an interplanetary transportation mission teleoperation system belongs to the ground application system in deep space mission, which performs terrain reconstruction, visual positioning, path planning, and rover motion control by receiving telemetry data. It plays a vital role in the whole lunar exploration operation and its so-called trustworthy evidence must be assessed before and during its implementation. Taking ISO standards and China's national military standards as trustworthy evidence source, the net assessment model and net assessment method of teleoperation system are established in this paper. The multi-dimensional net assessment model covering the life cycle of software is defined by extracting the trustworthy evidences from trustworthy evidence source. The qualitative decisions are converted to quantitative weights through the net assessment method (NAM) combined with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and entropy weight method (EWM) to determine the weight of the evidence elements in the net assessment model. The paper employs the teleoperation system for interplanetary transportation as a case study. The experimental result drawn shows the validity and rationality of net assessment model and method. In the final part of this paper, the untrustworthy elements of the teleoperation system are discovered and an improvement scheme is established upon the "net result". The work completed in this paper has been applied in the development of the teleoperation system of China's Chang'e-3 (CE-3) "Jade Rabbit-1" and Chang'e-4 (CE-4) "Jade Rabbit-2" rover successfully. Besides, it will be implemented in China's Chang'e-5 (CE-5) mission in 2019. What's more, it will be promoted in the Mars exploration mission in 2020. Therefore it is valuable to the development process improvement of aerospace information system.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.159-175
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• 2003

During the early stage of radioactive disposal programs, important issues related with quality assurance of data sets, methodologies, R&D procedures are recognized as important ones. This paper focused on the development of web-based workflow standards for the QA procedures of the radioactive waste disposal programs. The flow of process was analyzed based on workflow concepts proposed by the Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC). QA system is based on the principles of T2R3. T2R3 Workflow was used to standardize and restructure the business and/or work process in the industry or organization. The WfMC has identified five functional interfaces to a workflow service as part of its standardization program. They are composed of process definition interface, worklist handler, application program interface, interface between workflows, and system management. The task flow and QA program were defined based on the workflow ideas. QA procedures for the R&D results of radiation disoposal were analyzed following the reference model of workflow. In addition, six program run list were created and implemented. The creation, revision, and approval of the test data were designed to be inplemented on the web environment. Through this system, R&D procedures such as planning, research, documentation, internal review and future independent peer review processes could be well organized and stored more systematically on the database and knowledge base. This will encourage the usage and data sharing between interested parties through it's clear and transparent workflow standards.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.9-10
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• 2015

e-navigation is a Strategy developed by the IMO. It aims to implement the strategy in 2018. To this end, e-navigation Software Quality Assurance and Human-Centred Design Guidelines has been developing for the implementation and development of e-Navigation. The IMO MSC approved this guideline as a MSC circular in June 2015. In this paper, international standards of software quality assurance and human-centred design has been surveyed and analyzed in terms of usability testing for the practical application of this guideline. The result is planning to be reflected in the practical application guidance for the development of e-navigation equipment hardware-software combination.