• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.269-276
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• 2011

This paper proposes a novel control method using phase plane for a hydraulic biped humanoid robot. In biped walking control, it is much more difficult to control the posture of a biped robot in the coronal plane because the supporting area formed by the both feet in the coronal plane is much narrower than that of the sagittal plane. When the biped robot walks stably, the phase portrait of the pelvis in the coronal plane makes an elliptical shape. From this point of view, we develop an ankle torque controller and a foot placement controller for tracking the desired phase portrait during walking. We design these controllers by using simulations of a simplified compass gait biped model to regulate the desired phase portrait of pelvis. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is proved through full-body dynamic walking simulations and real experiments of the SARCOS hydraulic biped humanoid.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

Numerical modeling of cut slope has some limits in simulating the real slopes. In the case of 2D analysis of slope stability, it is assumed that slope is simply straight even when it is concave or convex in plan view. In this study, 3D analysis in curved shape slopes has been conducted for the comparison with 2D analysis in terms of failure mode and factor of safety. For this, 3D analysis by FLAC3D was compared with 2D analysis in plane strain condition and axi-symmetric model condition by FLAC. It was also observed how safety factors of slopes were affected by the variation of the tensile strength and cohesion, which are important variables to decide whether the slope fails or not. 2D analysis of concave slopes under plane strain condition showed much smaller safety factors by 16-40 % errors depending on the radius of curvature of slopes, compared to the more realistic values from 3D analysis. In case of convex slopes, the lower values by 7-10 % has been reported. 2D analysis of axi-symmetric model showed also smaller safety factors by 6-10 % and by 2-4 %, in case of concave and convex slopes, respectively. Such results are expected to contribute to the better understanding of failure process and could be applied for improved design of slopes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.398-401
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• 2001

This paper presents rough cutting pat고 drilling. This method has differences from conventional method which uses boundary curve by intersecting object to machine and each cutting plane. Die-cavity shape is drilled in z-map, we select various tool and remove much material in the short time. as a result, this method raise productivity. The major challenges in die-cavity pocketing include : 1)finding an inscribed circle for removing material of unmachined regions, 2) selecting optimal tool and efficiently arranging tool, 3) generating offset surface of shape, 4) determining machined width according to the selected tool, 5) detecting and removing unmachined regions, and 6) linking PJE(path-joining element). Conventional machining method calling contour-map is compared with drilling method using Z-map, for finding efficiency in the view of productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.13-25
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develope a creative expression technique in fashion illustration through analyzing applied techniques of the elements related to creative expressions in fashion illustrations. They were investigated in view of line, form, texture, color, space and the results were summarized as follows. In the creative expression using line in the fashion illustration. emotional effects of line created by specific character of mediums and duplicated lines have been applied to visualize movements of the objects. In shape, the transformed figure by destructing. covering or eliminating a part of the figure or the dress has been adapted. In texture. the invented texture reconstructed from actual texture has been applied, collage technique. computer graphic being used to give various images of texture. The creative expressions using color have been achieved by the shading. and spreading effects and the symbolic meaning of color for creating a spatiality in a picture plane and to give emotional effects and visual concentricity. In space, the color perspective together with detailed description. the combination of various points of view and liner perspective have been used to create depth and illusional space in pictorial plane.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2013

The measuring of internal defects of objects using the shearography has many advantages. It is a non-contact and non-destructive method and It has a real time measurement speed and no constraints of object shape. Compared to ESPI(Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry), Shearography has a very low error rate by vibration and air turbulence. So shearography provides possibilities of industrial application. In this paper, Image processing algorithm that is measurement of out-of-plane deformation using the shearography is proposed by developed using the LabVIEW 2010 and measurement result of out-of-plane ESPI and Shearography are compared quantitatively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.227-236
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to observe mandibular condyle shape in an asymptomatic population. In order to carry out this study, 96 temporomandibular joints in 48 adults(22 males, 26 females), who were asymptomatic for temporomandibular disturbances and had no history of prosthodontic or orthodontic treatments, were selected, and radiographed using the Sectograph(Denar Co., U.S.A.) for lateral and frontal individualized corrected TMJ tomograph and submentovertex radiograph. Mandibular condyles were classified morphologically, and measured medioateral and anteroposterior dimensions and condylar angulation. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the classification of condyle shape on lateral tomographs, 94.8% were convex type and 5.2% were angled type. 2. In the classification of condyle shape on frontal tomographs, 45.3% were convex type, 32.0% were round type, 16.0% were flat type, and 6.7% were angled type. 3. In the classification of condyle shape on submentovertex radiographs, 34.5% were flat-convex type, 22.9% were flat-flat type, 20.8% were concave-convex type, 19.8% were convex-convex type, and 1.0% were concave-flat type and convex-flat type. Concave-concave type, convex-concave type, and flat-concave type were not observed. 4. The average mediolateral legth of the condyle was 19.3㎜ and the average anteroposterior length was 9.4㎜. The average angle between the long axis of condyle and the coronal plane made on submentovertex view was 19.6 degrees.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.48-51
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• 2000

In plate mill studies on crop decrease of the top and bottom ends of hot rolled plate have been performed. The plane view shape for the thin plate after broadside rolling was controlled by roll gap difference with AGC in broadside rolling process. New models for thin slab after broadside rolling have been formulated based on the actual production rolling data to give optimal rolling condition A new plate rolling method called by dog bone rolling has been applied making it is possible to prevent non-uniform plastic deformation at top and bottom ends. By new rolling method crop losses of rolled plate have been improved by 10% on average with an effective fishtail crop shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.7 s.107
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• pp.115-125
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• 2006

The study on plane composition in clothing was focused mainly on woven wear earlier but its application has been reaching the knit wear. This study is confined to the utilization with geometrical linear pattern in the modern apparel. The work here intends to grasp the plane structure found in both woven wear and knit wear and, in particular, to understand the aesthetics of fashion. The modern flat patterned clothing has been affected by the oriental style or postmodernism in view of social and cultural aspect while its fabric material and expression method shows the diversity in terms of industrial and technical aspect. It can be characterized as several outstanding patterns: the geometrical pattern in structure, the linear pattern with seam line and 2-dimensional plane pattern without seam line, and the flexible silhouette integrated into one single shape with human body unlike the traditional apparel The aesthetics of fashion in modern flat patterned clothing can be divided into such category as the organically spatial change, the re-creation of tradition and the non-format framework. The organically spatial change shows the geometrical formation in clothes due to change in dimension, where the organically changing uniformity and generosity appears as the dimension progresses. The timeless without any difference of up and down, left and right, and inside and outside and the discontinuity due to limitless spatial change are also imbedded. The re-creation of tradition tells the reshaped spirits of old tradition by integrating and modifying the hereditary features in the old customed clothing into modern clothing. The modern flat patterned clothing implies the contemporaneousness or the frame through which the old and modern cultures may be shared and indicates the re-creation of the past and uniformity. The non-format framework contains the uncertainty in meaning and it doesn't have any certain standards. As both the apparel and the human body with this style aim at the open space, the numerous contingencies are realized.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.148-158
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to find a possible application of small space utilization of GangSo Housing, so called compact-but-effective housing, through analyzing that of Japanese small housing. We analyze openness of view and flexibility of spaces divided by the physical and architectural aspects as first component and the psychological and interior space aspects as second component. The results showed that Japanese small houses have various unit plan compared to uniformity of Korean houses. Openness of view in Japanese small housing is accomplished by letting in light from the outside using position and shape of the window, looking more spacious using courtyard, void spaces, or sliding door hanging from the ceiling, and creating deception of view using floor-wall plan and appropriate materials. Flexibility of spaces is achieved by combination of first and second components, multipurpose of space and furniture, and variety of storage methods. It is necessary to improve spatial efficiency with consideration of volume-metric planing rather than flat-plane and develop various unit plans to meet residents' needs and demands on compact-but-effective houses.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.30-41
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• 1987

The geometrical shape of a plow bottom may be the most important factor affecting the performance of a plow for a given soil and operating conditions. There are various designs of the Jaenggi (Korean plow) available commercially, which may be different from each other and from the plow (Western plow) in respect to the shape and performance. This study was intended to investigate the geometrical characteristics of Jaenggi. The coordinate digitizer equipped with 3 potentiometers was designed and manufactured for measurement of the shape of curved plane of moldboard and share. The digitizer was connected to a microcomputer having the data acquisition system. This device was used to analyze the plow bottoms of 5 differently-made Jaenggis and one cylindrical plow. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. It was possible to measure easily and quickly the curved plane of plow bottom and to plot the view on three major plans using the coordinate digitizer electrically connected to a microcomputer system. 2. The shape of five Jaenggi bottoms analyzed could be characterized by the cutting angle having the range of $33-42^{\circ}$, the maximum share-lift angle of $41-50^{\circ}$, and the setting angle of moldboard wing of $46-70^{\circ}$. The most critical difference of the shape factors between the Jaenggi and the plow was found in the maximum share-lift angle, the former was more than twice as much as the latter. 3. The analysis of the shape of Jaenggi bottoms showed that the share projections on 3 major plans had a varied triangle, which was quite different from that of plow bottom. Especially, it was analyzed that the shape of furrow slice for the Jaenggi had a skewed rectangle, leaving a considerable height of the ridge at the furrow bottom. 4. The dihedral angle was similar range of $30-85^{\circ}$ for the all bodies investigated, but the directional angle was somewhat different from each other. The difference in directional angle was $5^{\circ}$ for the plow, $20^{\circ}$ for the Jaenggi A and $30^{\circ}$ for the Jaenggi B. 5. Area of the spherical representation region was 0.0328 for the plow, 0.1194 for the Jaenggi A and 0.1716 for the Jaenggi B. This may indicate that the plow came close to a working surface and the Jaenggi A and the Jaenggi B departed from a working surface to a somewhat greater extent.