• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.704-716
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• 2008

This study aims to explore the creation of fashion design that embraces the diversity of human culture by examining oriental images that appear in the modern fashion with a focus on new paradigms that significantly affect human life as the latest trends, and by reflecting the trends of the times. The results of this study are as follows: First, this study examined that with regard to paradigm, a theoretical frame to view universe, the dichotomous, determinist, mechanism, linear paradigm collapsed to convert to undetermined, exoteric, pluralistic, indeterministic, organic, and holistic paradigm. The new paradigm is identified to have emerged before and after 1950s, and through the new paradigm, the characteristics of postmodernism such as historicality, popularity, locality, folkways and the characteristics of deconstructionism, internally mutual text, post phenomenon, undeterminability and externally exposure, destruction, poverty, decomposition and analysis, were identified. Second, the Orient is defined as the generic term referring to the entire Asian areas east of Turkey. Through the developmental process of oriental images, it was converted from the Oriental image, which mysteriously and romantically represents oriental elements, into the ethnic image that represents long time oriental traditions and indigenous culture together with the characteristics of the new paradigm. Third, the artistic characteristics of the Oriental costumes presented by Korea, China and Japan are expressed in developmental types, T-type plane structure, layered style, asymmetrical adjustment and easy silhouette, and they show indigenous characteristics of each country, for example, Chinese styles in dragon pattern, red and yellow, Japanese styles in flower design and achromatic color. Fourth, the Oriental Image, combined with the postmodernism and deconstructionism through the new paradigm, has two: one Oriental image highlights traditional elements by creating new Oriental image such as natural image, folk image, hybrid image and deconstruction image; and another is undetermined and vague by combining or decomposing Oriental or Western elements. It is expected that fashion designs that reflect these contexts of the times will contribute to the strengthening of international competitiveness.

• 천문학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

About 10 percent of quasars are known to exhibit deep broad absorption troughs blueward of prominent permitted emission lines, which are usually attributed to the existence of outflows slightly above he accretion disk around the supermassive black hole. Typical widths up to 0.2c of these absorption roughs indicate the velocity scales in which special relativistic effects may not be negligible. Under he assumption of the ubiquity of the broad absorption line region in quasars, the broad emission line flux will exhibit Thomson scattered components from these fast outflows. In this paper, we provide our Monte Carlo calculation of linear polarization of singly Thomson scattered line radiation with the careful considerations of special relativistic effects. The scattering region is approximated by a collection of rings that are moving outward with speeds ${\upsilon}=c{\beta}<0.2c$ near the equatorial plane, and the scattered line photons are collected according to its direction and wavelength in the observer's rest frame. We find that the significantly extended red tail appears in the scattered radiation. We also find that the linear degree of polarization of singly Thomson scattered line radiation is wavelength-dependent and hat there are significant differences in the linear degree of polarization from that computed from classical physics in the far red tail. We propose that the semi-forbidden broad emission line C III]1909 may be significantly contributed from Thomson scattering because this line has small resonance scattering optical depth in the broad absorption line region, which leads to distinct and significant polarized flux in this broad emission line.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.7-26
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• 2007

This article is about restoring the wooden pagoda which located in Silsangsa Temple after historical research. The process of this study, first of all, the theoretical study was considered about similar examples of wooden pagoda and gilt-bronze pagoda in Gorye period and wooden pagoda in contemporary period. After that, the study was established by the present condition of Silsangsa wooden pagoda site, the characteristic of Silsangsa wooden pagoda, the form of arrangement, the scale and height. Finally, considering those studies, the wooden pagoda designed in detail. This restoring design tried to follow the inference in that time. Moreover, the design tried to involve the elements of characteristic of region and Silsangsa wooden pagoda. Therefore, the research establish period of Silsangsa wooden pagoda in Gorye period. Locally, it considered both elements of Silla and Baeckje. The arrange form of restoring wooden pagoda was freestyle arrangement that had two main building of a temple and one middle pagoda. The idea of structure was to establish of double Core system. This system inferred from the system of building structure in ancient wooden pagoda and middle and modern age of multistory wooden construction. According to measurement of foundation stone, the scale of restoring wooden pagoda followed the skill of Tang-scale. The connection structure of each floor followed laminated structure which was the general form of log frame in that time. After study of foundation's condition, the present writer deseeded to have restoring the wooden pagoda 9 stories tall. The final aim was to depend on the structural intuition of the present writer, the writer tried to restore beautiful wooden pagoda according to in those days which is solution for contradiction of unclear point. So, it could be make out a plane of restoring wooden pagoda.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2843-2845
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• 2000

A lane detection based on a road model or feature all need correct acquirement of information on the lane in a image, It is inefficient to implement a lane detection algorithm through the full range of a image when being applied to a real road in real time because of the calculating time. This paper defines two searching range of detecting lane in a road, First is searching mode that is searching the lane without any prior information of a road, Second is recognition mode, which is able to reduce the size and change the position of a searching range by predicting the position of a lane through the acquired information in a previous frame. It is allow to extract accurately and efficiently the edge candidates points of a lane as not conducting an unnecessary searching. By means of removing the perspective effect of the edge candidate points which are acquired by using the inverse perspective transformation, we transform the edge candidate information in the Image Coordinate System(ICS) into the plane-view image in the World Coordinate System(WCS). We define linear approximation filter and remove the fault edge candidate points by using it This paper aims to approximate more correctly the lane of an actual road by applying the least-mean square method with the fault-removed edge information for curve fitting.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

본 논문은 모션 캡쳐 데이터를 이용하여 쉽고 빠르게 사실적인 2차원 스틱 피규어애니메이션을 제작할 수 있는 방법을 소개한다. 스틱 피규어 애니메이션은 대개 전체 시간 구간에 대하여 매 프레임마다 하나씩의 자세를 일일이 그리는 방식으로 제작된다. 반면, 제안된 방법에서는 스틱 피규어 형태의 자세 위에 신체 부위의 움직임을 나타내는 동선을 추가하는 방식으로 한 장의 그림 안에 여러 프레임에 걸친 동작(예를 들어, 발차기나 점프)을 축약하여 표현하도록 한다. 이러한 그림으로부터 자동으로 시간에 따른 자세 변화를 합성하기 위하여, 먼저 사용자가 그린 스틱 피규어를 2차원 평면에서 변형시킬 수 있는 캐릭터 모델을 생성한다. 이 후, 미리 구축된 모션 데이터베이스로부터 주어진 자세 및 동작선 정보에 가장 근접한 동작 구간을 검색한다. 검색 결과로 추출된 동작에 따라 캐릭터 모델을 변형시킴으로써 최종적인 스틱 피규어애니메이션을 합성한다. 여러 형태의 스틱 피규어에 이동, 격투 등의 다양한 동작을 적용한 실험을 통하여, 제안된 방법이 적은 노력만으로 흥미로운 스틱 피규어애니메이션을 제작하는데 매우 유용함을 확인하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제12B권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2005

3차원 가상현실 내에서 캐릭터 움직임 동작의 기술은 기존 방식인 키프레임 기법에 의존하던 것이 점차 동작 제어 기법을 활용하고, 보다 사실적이고 자연스러운 움직임을 생성해 내고자 하는 방향으로 발전해 가고 있다. 그러나 이러한 동작 제어 기법을 통해 가상현실의 지형 성질에 따라 적응적인 캐릭터의 동작을 표현하는데 한계가 있다. 즉, 대부분의 가상환경에서 캐릭터의 걷는 움직임은 일정하고 단조로운 동작만을 반복하여 표현하고 있어 관찰자로 하여금 지루함을 느끼게 하고, 지형의 조건이나 형태에 맞지않게 캐릭터의 발끝이 지면에 스며들거나 떠있는 등의 부자연스러운 동작으로 인해 사실감을 저하시킨다. 본 논문에서는 적은 매개변수들과 역운동학 방법을 적용하여 기본 걷기 동작을 표현하고, 지면의 성질을 마찰계수로 대표시켜 지면에 적응적인 걷기 동작의 생성 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 구심력과 마찰계수를 결합한 후, 이를 근거로하여 한 주기 동안의 걷는 동작을 분석하고 이를 기반으로 동작에 필요한 매개변수를 조정하여 지질에 따른 적응적인 캐릭터의 걷기 동작을 생성한다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2008

일반적인 강구조물의 연결은 강절(rigid) 또는 활절(hinge)로 취급되고 있으나 실제 강구조물은 연결부위에서 부재간의 상대적인회전이 허용됨으로 인해 부분강절(semi-rigid)의 특성을 갖게 된다. 본 연구에서는 부분강절을 회전스프링으로 가정하여 부재 단부에 적용시킨 평면 뼈대구조물의 엄밀한 접선강도행렬을 유도하고 이를 다시 탄성강도행렬과 기하학적 강도행렬로 분리 유도함으로써 부분강절을 갖는 평면 뼈대구조물의 안정성해석을 위한 일반화된 해석방법을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여, 보-기둥부재의 좌굴조건을 만족시키는 처짐함수로부터 안정함수(stability function)를 유도하고, 횡변위(sway)를 고려한 힘-변위관계와 적합조건을 고려하여 정확한 접선강도행렬을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 타당성과 실용성 제고를 위해 두 가지 방법에 의한 수치해석프로그램을 개발하였고 다양한 해석예제를 통해, 타 연구자 해석 결과와 비교하고 부분강절이 구조물의 좌굴강도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제69권3호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2019

Infills are as important members in structural design as beams, columns and braces. They have significant effect on structural behavior. Because of lots of variables in infills like material non-linear behavior, the interaction between frames and infill, etc., the infills performance during an earthquake is complicated, so have led designers do not consider the effect of infills in designing the structure. However, the experimental studies revealed that the infills have the remarkable effect on structure behavior. As if these effects ignored, it might occur soft-story phenomena, torsion or short-column effects on the structures. One simple and appropriate method for considering the infills effects in analyzing, is replacing the infills with diagonal compression strut with the same performance of real infill, instead of designing the whole infill. Because of too many uncertainties, codes and researchers gave many expressions that were not as the same as the others. The major intent of this paper is calculation the width of this diagonal strut, which has the most characteristics of infill. This paper by comprehensive on different parameters like the modulus of young or moment of inertia of columns presents a new formula for achieving the equivalent strut width. In fact, this new formula is extracted from about 60 FEM analyses models. It can be said that this formula is very efficient and accurate in estimating the equivalent strut width, considering the large number of effective parameters relative to similar relationships provided by other researchers. In most cases, the results are so close to the values obtained by the FEM. In this formula, the effect of out of plane buckling is neglected and this formula is used just in steel structures. Also, the thickness of infill panel, and the lateral force applied to frame are constant. In addition, this new formula is just for modeling the lateral stiffness. Obtaining the nearest response in analyzing is important to the designers, so this new formula can help them to reach more accurate response among a lot of experimental equations proposed by researchers.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.603-622
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• 2018

Precast concrete structures are erected from individual prefabricated components, which are assembled on-site using different types of connections. In the present design of these structures, beam-to-column connections are assumed pin jointed. Bolted billet beam to-column connections have been used in the precast concrete industry for many years. They have many advantages over other jointing methods in component production, quality control, transportation and assembly. However, there is currently limited information concerning their detailed structural behaviour under vertical loadings. The experimental work has involved the determination of moment-relative rotation relationships for semi-rigid precast concrete connections in full-scale connection tests. The study reported in this paper was undertaken to clarify the behaviour of such connections under symmetrical vertical loadings. A series of full-scale tests was performed on sample column for which the column geometry and bolt arrangements conformed to successful commercial practice. Proprietary hollow core floor slabs were tied to the beams by 2T25 tensile reinforcing bars, which also provide the in-plane continuity across the connections. The contribution of the floor strength and stiffness to the flexural capacity of the joint is currently neglected in the design process for precast concrete frames. The flexural strength of the connections in the double-sided tests was at least 0.93 times the predicted moment of resistance of the composite beam and slab. The secant stiffness of the connections ranged from 0.94 to 1.94 times the flexural stiffness of the attached beam. In general, the double-sided connections were found to be more suited to a semi-rigid design approach than the single sided ones. The behaviour of double sided bolted billet connection test results are presented in this paper. The behaviour of single sided bolted billet connection test results is the subject of another paper.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2002

전단벽은 현대식 경골목조건축에서 바람이나 지진 등에 의한 측방하중에 대한 저항력을 제공하는 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 전단벽에서 건물에 전달된 측방하중은 벽의 스터드와 덮개재료 사이의 못접합부를 통하여 덮개재료로 전달되고 덮개재료에 전달된 하중은 판재의 면전단력에 의하여 지지된다. 따라서 실제 전단벽에서 측방하중에 대한 저항력을 결정하는 가장 중요한 요소는 못접합부라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이 연구에서는 스터드와 판재 사이의 못접합부에 대한 강성 및 강도를 측정하였으며 이 값들은 전단벽의 찌그러짐 저항력을 예측하는 이론모형의 입력자료로 사용되었다. 이론모형의 예측치의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 판재 한 장으로 구성된 전단벽의 전단시험을 수행하였다. 못접합부의 강성은 스터드 부재의 섬유방향에 의하여 영향을 받았으나 판재의 방향은 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 전단하중 하에서 못접합부나 전단벽의 거동은 3개의 직선구간으로 나나낼 수 있었으며 이론모형 I보다 이론모형 II의 예측치가 더 정확하였다.