• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.2 s.18
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• pp.144-152
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• 2004

Defining value as a measure of how well the project value objectives are met, Value Management Process (VMP) is considered to be any management effort or process that can proactively pursue one or more project objectives (i.e., security/safety, cost effectiveness, schedule optimization, and risk containment). The collection of 44 VMPs has been established based on a rigorous effort conducted by Construction Industry Institute (CII). Because varying circumstances on each project determine the level of suitability, it is crucial to identify which VMP should be implemented on a particular project. The current VMP selection process is primarily based on human intuition. The main objective of this paper is to provide a systematic method to facilitate the usage of VMPs on a particular project. This paper identified and quantified the selection principles (i.e., targeted value objectives, timing of initiation, project characteristics, and relative impact). The data collected from industry practitioners and VMP experts characterized each VMP in terms of the magnitude of benefit. An automated selection tool by Visual Basic Application (VBA) on MS Excel TM, was developed and proved its validity. As a pioneering study, this paper provides a comprehensive and structured knowledge on the subject of VMPs. From the industry's perspective, the automated selection tool, the premier of this study, contributes the facilitation of the VMP implementations in the construction industry thereby maximizing the potential benefits to a particular project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.53-59
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• 1999

A Patent Pool tends to be activated to establish the harmonization in recently standardization activities related to information and telecommunications with patent rights. Recent main examples of patent pool related to telecommunications standardization are concentrated in this paper. We seem to examine the practical meanings of patent pool from review the examples of utilizing patent pool. Those examples are analyzed and presented in this paper as typical construction cases of patent pool by characteristic of formation : The MPEG-2 patent pool which has become a pioneering precedence being managed by establishing MPEG LA as professional and administrative entity having organizied scalef; DVD patent pool which is a type of dividied case of a patent pool; the patent pool of IEEE1394 which was formed by surronding technology market effect outside the entrepreneur; finally the UMTS case in mobile telecommunications area.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.973-981
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• 2013

The main role of an acoustic diffuser is to diffuse reflected sound field spatially. Since the pioneering work of Schroeder, there have been investigations to improve its performance by using shape/sizing optimization methods. In this paper, a gradient-based topology optimization algorithm is newly presented to find the optimal distribution of reflecting materials for maximizing diffuser performance. Time-harmonic acoustic analysis in a two-dimensional acoustic domain is carried out where the domain is discretized by finite elements. Perfectly matched layers are placed to surround the domain to simulate non-reflecting boundary conditions. Design variables are assigned to each element of which material properties are interpolated between those of air and those of a rigid body. An approach to extract the reflected field from the total acoustic field is employed. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, design problems are solved at different frequencies. The performance of the optimized diffusers obtained by the proposed method is compared against that of the conventional Schroeder diffusers.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytical methodology of or릴 documents by the application of. Information Technologies. This system consists of the key word search, contents summary, clustering, classification & topic tracing of the contents. The integrated model of the five levels of retrieval technologies can be exhaustively used in the analysis of oral documents, which were collected as oral history of five men and women in the area of North Jeolla. Of the five methods topic tracing is the most pioneering accomplishment both home and abroad. In final this research will shed light on the methodological and theoretical studies of oral history and culture.

• BioChip Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.268-279
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• 2018

Flower-shaped organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures, termed nanoflowers, have received considerable recent attention as they possess greatly enhanced activity, stability, durability, and even selectivity of entrapped organic biomolecules, which are much better than those from the conventional methods. They can be synthesized simply via co-incubation of organic and inorganic components in aqueous buffer at room temperature and yield hierarchical nanostructures with large surface-to-volume ratios, allowing for low-cost production by easy scale-up, as well as the high loading capacity of biomolecules without severe mass transfer limitations. Since a pioneering study reported on hybrid nanoflowers prepared with protein and copper sulfate, many other organic and inorganic components, which endow nanoflowers with diverse functionalities, have been employed. Thanks to these features, they have been applied in a diverse range of areas, including biosensors and biocatalysis. To highlight the progress of research on organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, this review discusses their synthetic methods and mechanisms, structural and biological characteristics, as well as recent representative applications. Current challenges and future directions toward the design and development of multi-functional nanoflowers for their widespread utilization in biotechnology are also discussed.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

This research examines pioneering works of two representative Western modern architects which played a significant role in constructing modernity in the early 20th century: Frank Lloyd Wright's Florida Southern College and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's Illinois Institute of Technology. These two campuses were constructed and developed at the similar period by two named architects, and these were considered the collections of iconic modern buildings in the States. However, design approaches and principles of these buildings were totally opposite ways: Frank Lloyd Wright's Florida Southern College was in the roof of organic architecture drawn from a great Chinese sage, Laotze, which have more five hundred years history. On the other hand, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's Illinois Institute of Technology was well embodied the International Style which originated from European tradition in the early 20th century, and Mies was one of the leaders of the International Style. These different approaches could be understood in the discussion of the meaning of the Greek concept of paradoxa which was mentioned by a German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Comparing the paradoxical gestures of these two campuses can reveal the truth of each campus master plans and expand the discourse of modern architectures.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

Korea currently provides long-term care benefits for the elderly with poor functionality, but most of the service providers are private businesses. This is the time when quality management of care services is required, which is just around the corner of the super-aged era. In this study, we would like to look at the case in which 'A company', which operates a long-term care institution, attempted to make voluntary changes ahead of social demands. The company tried to transform the social needs of quality management by judging them as opportunities, not threats, and establishing an integrated database of centers. First, the company processed data and built a cloud-based database system. Second, the company automatically linked data from existing systems for the efficiency of data utilization. Third, the company pursued visualization for the convenience of data utilization. This allowed the company to make data-driven strategic decisions internally. This is expected to increase sales as it will soon lead to securing new customers and pioneering new markets. It is also significant in that it can provide best practices for the long-term care industry.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.45-60
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• 2020

Purpose - This study examines the impact of company ownership nature and of the dual role of CEO and board chair on R & D investment intensity, as well as the moderating effect of this dual role. Most previous research focused on the impact of the dual role of CEO and board chair on firm performance. Design/methodology/approach - This study uses A-share companies listed on the Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges in China from 2008 to 2017. The univariate and the multivariate regression analysis were hired In order to analyze the data. Findings - The results show that there is a significant negative relationship between state-owned companies and R & D investment intensity. In addition, there is a significant positive relationship between the dual role and R & D investment intensity. The effect of state ownership on R & D investment intensity is more negative when CEO-board chair duality exists. This means that in case of state-owned companies, if CEO serves as the board chair, the propensity to invest in R&D is further reduced. Research implications or Originality - This is a pioneering study that considers the joint effect of state-owned companies and dual role on R & D investment intensity in the Chinese economy.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2022

This study aims to develop ensemble machine learning (ML) models for estimating the peak floor acceleration and maximum top drift of steel moment frames. For this purpose, random forest, adaptive boosting, gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models were considered. A total of 621 steel moment frames were analyzed under 240 ground motions using OpenSees software to generate the dataset for ML models. From the results, the GBRT and XGBoost models exhibited the highest performance for predicting peak floor acceleration and maximum top drift, respectively. The significance of each input variable on the prediction was examined using the best-performing models and Shapley additive explanations approach (SHAP). It turned out that the peak ground acceleration had the most significant impact on the peak floor acceleration prediction. Meanwhile, the spectral accelerations at 1 and 2 s had the most considerable influence on the maximum top drift prediction. Finally, a graphical user interface module was created that places a pioneering step for the application of ML to estimate the seismic demands of building structures in practical design.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.47-63
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the changes in women's fashion, focusing on the repercussions that bicycles had on women's life and fashion, centered on France in the 19th century, and then it examines the significance of the period to women's cycling clothing and its contribution to fashion. The research is based on literature and visual materials extracted from 19th century French newspapers, magazines, and posters. As a result of this study, the appearance of bicycles in the 19th century contributed to fashion as follows. First, the need for clothing suitable for outdoor activities promoted development of new designs with practical and functional features. Second, the clothing worn by female cyclists contributed to the introduction and propagation of new clothing, and pioneering wearing trousers. Third, the boom of bicycles in the 1890s led to the expansion of ready-to-wear items in department. The significance of the period to women's cycling clothing in the 19th century France is as follows. First, the era challenged customs and attitudes towards women's bicycle clothing and led to modernization. Second, a new and reasonable clothing design was presented that required a compromise to be accepted by the public. Third, although the clothing reform movement was not active in France, bloomer-style bicycle clothing was popular among fashionable women in Paris, revealing only its visual status as the capital of fashion in the 19th century.