• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1992

The needles and pollen of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis were studied for their lipid contents and fatty acid composition. The total lipid contents in needles of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis were 5.0 and 4.5%, whereas in pollen of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis 3.5 and 5.6%, respectively. Twenty-four fatty acids ranged from lauric acid to docosahexaenoic acid(22:6${\omega}$3) were identified in the needle lipids. In needles, linolenic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids. The needles of Pinus densiflora showed higher proportions of docosahexaenoic acid and 5-olefinic nonmethylene-interrupted polyenoic acids than those in the Pinus koraiensis. Twenty fatty acids ranged from myristic acid to lignoceric acid were identified in the pollen lipids. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in the pollen followed by oleic and palmitic acid. The fatty acid profile of pollen of Pinus densiflora was similar to those of the Pinus koraiensis pollen lipids.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2014

Phytochemical constituents were isolated from Pinus koraiensis needles by open column chromatography. The structures isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. koraiensis needles were elucidated as afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including $^1H$-NMR and MS. The amounts of afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) in genus Pinus were determined by HPLC/UV analysis. Afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) contents were highest in P. thunbergii needles. Because P. thunbergii needles contain high amounts of afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2), they have promising potential as new additives to natural medicinal products, health supplements, and beverages.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate spectral characterisistics and chlorophyll contents of Pinus koraiensis needles in Gwangju-gun, Kyunggi-do. In spectrum analysis by each age, needle showed difference on 700∼1,100 nm(NIR : near infrared ray). Light reflexibility keeps constant between 1st year needle and 3rd year needle, current year needle's value was higher than others and that was higher for 400∼500 nm and 600∼700 nm at 550 nm. Transmission to needle's age showed the highest result in current year needle. It showed in order of current, 1st, 2nd and 3rd year needle at 550 nm and 750 nm. Especially, current year needles of Pinus koraiensis showed a tendency to change transmission coefficient in NIR. The result of transmission coefficient measurement by each position of slope showed in order of middle slope, upper slope and lower slope. But the gathered needle in middle slope made marked change at NIR. Chlorophyll a content of the upper slope's needles was higher than other 4 positions but a component ratio was lower. In needle of the oppressed tree, Chlorophyll a content was rather low than others. Chlorophyll a content by slope positions, the upper slope's needle showed a highest value(4.48 mg/g) and lower slope was lowest value(1.35 mg/g). Chlorophyll b content also showed a similar tendency to chlorophyll a and chlorophyll(a+b) contents.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1992

This study is to investigate the change of the seasonal patterns of relative water relations parameters by the pressure-volume curves in pinus koraiensis needles. The osmotic potentials at full water saturated(Ψ0, sat) and at incipient plasmolysis(Ψ0, tlp) increased in growing season, while decreased in non-growing season. The maximum bulk modulus of elasticity(Emax), relative water content(RWCTLP), and relativefree water content(FWCtlp) at incipient plasmolysis in non-growing season were higher than these of growing season. The maximum pressure potential(Ψp, max) varied from 1.16 to 2.18MPa, torgor index(TI) varied from 3.1 to 4.7. The osmole number(Ns/dw) and symplastic water (Vo/DW) were variable seasonally. The maximum water content(Vt/DW) and apoplastic water(AW) were relatively high in early growing stage, and then decreased to needle aging. The pressure potential(Ψp) and water potential(Ψ) in winter needles were rapidly decreased with decreasing of relative water content. The matric potential occupied over 10 percent of water potential with less than-2.0 MPa.

• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2002

침엽수 잎으로부터 정유를 생산하고 남는 폐잔사의 이용도를 구명하고자 소나무, 잣나무, 편백 및 화백을 이용하여 음식물찌거기와 혼합하여 퇴비화 및 조사료화를 시도하였다. 폐유기물인 음식물찌거기를 효율적으로 발효시키기 위하여 미생물균주원을 탐색하여 돈분퇴비 등으로부터 고온호기성 박테리아 및 방선균을 선발하여 혼합균주를 대량배양 하였다. 이를 음식물찌거기, 정유 잔사와 혼합하여 부숙과정을 거쳐 퇴비화를 시도하였으며 작물이용시험에 의한 양질 퇴비 여부를 판단하였다. 또한 발효 후 남는 잔사에 대한 조사료로서 이용 가능성 여부를 타진하기 위하여 영양성 평가 및 소화율을 분석하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2011

Species of Phoma and its allies were isolated during a survey on the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with pine trees in Korea. Based on the phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer and ${\beta}$-tubulin gene sequences, two Phoma-like species from the needles of Pinus koraiensis were identified as Peyronellaea calorpreferens and P. glomerata. They were also morphologically identified based on the previous descriptions. Here, we report P. calorpreferens and P. glomerata being present in Korea as endophytic fungi in Pinus koraiensis.

• 공업화학
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 전나무와 잣나무 잎으로부터 항균특성을 갖는 기능성 물질을 추출한 후 반응표면분석법 중 중심합성 계획법(CCD-RSM)을 이용하여 최적화하였다. 최적 추출 조건은 전나무의 경우 추출온도(59.5 ℃)와 주정/초순수 부피비(69.5 vol.%)이었으며, 이때 반응치는 추출수율(13.5%), 대장균 억제직경(11.6 mm), 황색포도상구균 억제직경(9.3 mm)로 산출되었다. 또한 잣나무의 경우에는 최적 추출조건인 추출온도(59.2 ℃)와 주정/초순수 부피비(67.8 vol.%)에 서 추출수율(4.8%), 대장균 억제직경(7.9 mm), 황색포도상구균 억제직경(12.5 mm)로 산출되었다. 각 천연물의 최적조건에서 실제 실험 결과 전나무 잎의 추출수율은 13.0%, 대장균 억제직경은 11.7 mm, 황색포도상구균 억제직경은 9.2 mm로 약 ± 2.30% 오차율을 나타내며, 잣나무 잎의 추출수율은 5.1%, 대장균 억제직경은 7.5 mm, 황색포도상구균 억제직경은 12.3 mm로 ± 4.23% 오차율을 나타내었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권5호
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• pp.516-524
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• 2008

We investigated on the distribution of nutrient contents (N. P and K) in current and one-year old needles of Korean pine, Pinus koraiensis, to understand the physiological effects of alternate bearing. One experimental set was designed with three types of cone number (one, three and five) under natural state and cone number of another one was controlled by thinning. Test samples were separated to collect into three fractions; current needles on the shoot and one-year old needles above and under the cone. On the branch without cone, N, P and K concentrations in needles on the shoot were higher than those in needles of one-year old branch. At natural state, needle P concentration was the lowest in needles on the five-cone branch in August. Macronutrient concentrations were the lowest in needles above the cone, which was remarkably observed in needle K concentration. Under cone thinning, N. P and K concentrations were the highest in needles on one-cone branch and the lowest in needles on five-cone branch. Needle nutrient concentrations were the lowest in needles above the cone, which was remarkably observed in the needle on five-cone branch. In conclusion, the current needles of the shoot and cones are a strong sink of nutrient like N. P and K, and the increase of cone number influences nutrient removal from needles.

• Mycobiology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2014

To examine the effects of water stress and Cenangium ferruginosum (CF) on the fungal endophytic community of needles of Pinus koraiensis (PK), fungal endophytes isolated from the needles of 5-year-old PK seedlings were compared before and after exposure to water stress conditions and artificial inoculation with CF ascospores. Artificial CF inoculation was successfully confirmed using PCR with CF-specific primers (CfF and CfR). For comparison of the degree of water deficit in water-stressed and control groups of PK seedlings infected with CF, the water saturation deficit and water potential were measured. Lower water potential estimates were found in the water-stressed seedlings than in the control group. The fungal endophytes isolated from the second-year needles of non-water-stressed seedlings before and after CF inoculation revealed that primary saprobes were approximately 30% and 71.7%, respectively, and the remaining endophytes were rot fungi or pathogens. Sixty days after CF inoculation, diverse fungal endophytes in the first-year needles were isolated from the water-stressed seedlings. However, some fungal endophytes isolated from the non-water-stressed seedlings were also identified. Fungal endophytes in the second-year needles of the water-stressed and non-water-stressed seedlings were approximately 8% and 71.7% of saprobes, respectively, and the remaining endophytes were rot fungi or pathogens. On the basis of the results, we conclude that water deficit and CF can have an effect on fungal endophytic communities in the needles of PK seedlings.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

This study has been carried out to estimate carbon contents in an average 40-years-old Pinus koraiensis plantations and an average 37-years-old Larix leptolepis plantations in Gongju, Chungnam Province. Average carbon concentration in stemwood, stembark, branches, needles, and root were 54.31% in Pinus koraiensis and 53.49% in Larix leptolepis stands. Carbon contents was estimated by the equation model logWt=A+BlogD where Wt is oven-dry weight in kg and D is DBH in cm. Total carbon contents was 103.38tC/ha in Pinus koraiensis stands and 96.59tC/ha in Larix leptolepis stands. Net primary carbon production was estimated at 8.79tC/ha/yr in Pinus koraiensis stands and 11.42tC/ha/yr in Larix leptolepis stands.