• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.485-498
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• 1994

Porphyromonas endodontalis is a black-pigmented anaerobic Gram-negative rod which is associated with endodontal infections and this microorganism possesses a potential for pathogenicity. The purpose of this study was to compare the membrane components of Porphyromonas endodontalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis and to study the immune reaction patterns of Porphyromonas endodontalis with patients with periapical lesion. Porphyromonas endodontalis (ATCC 35406), Porphyromonas gingivals serotypea (381), serotype b(W50), serotype c(A7A1-28) were cultured in anaerobic condition. Rabbit antisera were prepared by intravenous injection of formalized whole cells and human sera were obtained from patients and dental students. Indirect immunofluorescence method was used to study on the cross reaction between Porphyromonas endodontalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis serotype a, b, c antigen. Total membrane protein profiles of Porphyromonas endodontalis antigen were studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the reactivity of antigenic components of Porphyromonas endodontalis against sera of patients and rabbit anti-Porphyromonas endodontalis antisera were assessed by Immunoblotting method. The following results were obtained : 1. Antigens of Porphyromonas endodontalis has multiple antigenic components, and both patients with periapical lesion and normal healthy individual showed immune response to this. 2. Patients group and healthy individual group showed a diversity of immune reaction pattern but they showed immune response against 43kd protein. 3. Patients with periapical lesion showed more diverse immune response than healthy individual and in some patients, much more bands appeared to lower molecular weight protein. 4. According to indirect immunofluorescence and Immunoblotting study, Porphyromonas endodontalis did not share common antigen with Porphyromonas gingivalis serotype a, b, c.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.485-488
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• 2009

Purpose: Malignant melanoma of the lower extremity is well known to metastasize to the lymph nodes of the groin. However, in rare cases, the initial site of the nodal disease can be the popliteal fossa. As of yet, there has not been any report on cases with popliteal lymph node metastasis in Koreans. In the following report, authors would like to present two cases of popliteal node metastasis. Methods: A 60 - year - old male patient presented with nodular mass at his left sole. He had popliteal node metastasis detected on preoperative positron emission tomography(PET). Another 67 - year - old man presented with pigmented lesion at his right heel. He also had popliteal node metastasis detected on the MRI. They underwent wide excision of the primary lesion with popliteal node dissection. Results: In the first case, $2.5{\times}2.5cm$ sized metastatic melanoma in popliteal node was pathologically confirmed. There were no postoperative complications, and to date(18 months after the surgery), the patient is alive with no evidence of disease. In the second case, multiple(4) metastatic melanoma in popliteal nodes was confirmed. The patient is alive, but has had interferon therapy for liver metastasis. Conclusion: By increasing the use of lymphoscintigraphy or PET as a preoperative diagnostic work - up for metastasis, even popliteal node metastasis undetectable in a physical exam becomes detectable. When metastatic lymph node is found, node dissection is the standard of care. Therefore, it is essential that we know the anatomy and surgical technique for popliteal lymph node dissection.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.366-373
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• 2014

Background The advent of skin-sparing mastectomy has allowed for the reconstruction of the breast and nipple with improved cosmesis. However, the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) in Asian patients is more pigmented and scars easily. Therefore, commonly described incisions tend to result in poor aesthetic outcomes in Asian patients with breast cancer. Methods We describe an algorithmic approach to skin-sparing mastectomy incisions in Asian patients on the basis of the location of the biopsy scar and the tumor site and size. Four incision types are described: peri-areolar, a peri-areolar incision with a second distant skin paddle, "racquet handle," and peri-areolar with adjacent skin excision. Results 281 immediate breast reconstructions were performed between May 2001 and February 2012 after skin-sparing mastectomy. The mastectomy incisions used included the peri-areolar design (n=124, 44%), peri-areolar design with a second distant skin paddle (n=39, 14%), "racquet handle" (n=21, 7.5%), and peri-areolar design with adjacent skin excision (n=42, 14%). The traditional elliptical incision and other variants where the NAC outline was not preserved were performed in the remaining 55 patients. The average follow-up was 44.7 months during which there was 1 case of total flap loss and 7 cases of partial flap necrosis; all remaining flaps survived. 24% of the patients (68/281) underwent subsequent nipple reconstruction. Conclusions Our algorithm avoids breast incisions that are randomly placed or excessively long and prevents the unnecessary sacrifice of normal breast skin. This allows skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction to be performed with a consistently achievable aesthetic result in Asian women without neglecting oncological safety.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.252-261
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• 1997

여러 종류의 용제와 수지용액에 있어서의 $CaCO_3$ 안료의 분산 안정성을 Dynometer를 이용하여 조사하였다. Dynometer를 이용하여 비교적 단시간에 분산계의 분산 안정성을 평가할 수 있었으며, Dynometer를 이용한 분산 안정성 평가로부터 구한 $CaCO_3$ 안료의 용해성 파라미터, ${\delta}$는 11.62(${\delta}_d=8.04$, ${\delta}_p=5.05$, ${\delta}_h=6.70$)이었다. 안료와 친화력이 약한 용제가 첨가되는 경우 수지 용액내에서의 안료표면에의 수지 흡착층을 증가시켜 수지 용액내에서의 분산 안정성을 증가시켰다. 수지 용액 제조시 소량 첨가된 용제도 안료를 포함한 전체 분산계의 유동성과 분산 안정성에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2017

Background Serial tissue expansion is performed to remove giant congenital melanocytic nevi. However, there have been no studies comparing the expansion rate between the subsequent and preceding expansions. In this study, we analyzed the rate of expansion in accordance with the number of surgeries, expander location, expander size, and sex. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in pediatric patients who underwent tissue expansion for giant congenital melanocytic nevi. We tested four factors that may influence the expansion rate: The number of surgeries, expander location, expander size, and sex. The rate of expansion was calculated by dividing the 'inflation amount' by the 'expander size'. Results The expansion rate, compared with the first-time group, was 1.25 times higher in the second-or-more group (P=0.04) and 1.84 times higher in the third-or-more group (P<0.01). The expansion rate was higher at the trunk than at other sites (P<0.01). There was a tendency of lower expansion rate for larger expanders (P=0.03). Sex did not affect the expansion rate. Conclusions There was a positive correlation between the number of surgeries and the expansion rate, a positive correlation between the expander location and the expansion rate, and a negative correlation between the expander size and the expansion rate.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2001

소아에서 간의 간엽 과오종은 주로 복부팽만을 주소로 내원하여 대부분 2세 이내에 발견되며, 비교적 크기가 큰 낭종의 소견을 보이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 담도 폐쇄증으로 Kasai 수술받은 8개월 여아에서 복부 초음파 검사상 작은 기질성 종괴를 우연히 발견하여 병리학적으로 확진된 간엽과오종 1례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2001

The spr D gene encoding Strptomyces griseus protease D(SGPD); a chymotrypsin-like proteae, was cloned from Strptomyces griseus IFO13350 and sequence. Most of the amino-acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence is idential to that Strptomyces griseus IMRU3499 except that one amino acid has been deleted and Trp 369 has been substituted into Cys369 in the SGPD from S. griseus IFO13350 without affecting the protease activity. The spr D gene was overexpressed in Streptomyce liv-idans TK24 as a heterologous host. Various media with different compositions were also used to max-imize the productivity of SGPD inthe heterologous host. The SGPD productivity was best when the transformant S. lividans TK24 was cultivated in R2YE medium. The relative chymotrypsin activity of the culture broth measured with an artificial chromogenic substrate, N-scuccinyl-ala-ala-pro-phe-p-nitroanilide, was 16 units/ml. A high level of SGPD was also produced in YEME and SAAM medial but it was relatively lower that in R2YE medium and negligible amounts of SGPD were produced in GYE, GAE and Benedict media. The growth of S. lividans reacted the maximum level of cell mass at days 3 and 4 of the culture, but SGPD production started in the stationary phase of cell growth and kept increase in till the 10$^{th}$ day of culture in R2YE and YEME medium, but in GYE media the productivity reached maximum level at 8days of cultivation. The introduction of the spr D gene into S. lividans TK24 triggered biosyntheis of the pigmented antibiotic , actinorhodin, which implies some protease may paly a very improtant role in secondary-metabolite formation in sStreptomyces.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.413-427
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• 1997

Porphyromonas endodontalis and Prevotella intermedia are black-pigmented anaerobic gram negative rods which have been isolated from infected root canals and submucous abscesses of endodontic origin. And they are associated with clinical symptoms such as pain, percussion, and foul odor. It has been reported that there are 3 serotypes according to capsule membrane in P. endodontalis and 2 DNA homology groups and 3 serotypes in P. intermedia, but there is no data available regarding genetic diversity for the species P. endodontalis and P. intermedia. The purpose of this study is to investigate genetic diversities between individual strains of P. endodontalis and P. intermedia which are indistinguishable by serotyping and biotyping using bacterial DNA restriction endonuclease analysis. 45 teeth with at least one clinical symptoms, with single canal, and with pulp necrosis were sampled. For sampling bacteria, access cavity was prepared after disinfecting tooth and its surroundings. Then the paper point was inserted to the apex of the canal, leave there for 15 seconds, and finally it was placed into PRAS Ringer's solution and PBS solution. P. endodontalis and P. intermedia were identified by biochemical test and IIF after subculturing black and brown colonies which were produced after 7 days of incubation on BAP in anaerobic chamber. P. endodontalis and P. intermedia strains were grown in BHI broth and whole genomic DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform extraction technique and digested by restriction endonuclease, Eco RI and Pst I. The resulting DNA fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, stained with EtBr and photographed under UV light. The results were as follows : 1. In both P. endodontalis and P. intermedia, different serotypes could be found within a root canal of same patient. 2. There were obvious genetic heterogeneity within a patient and within a serotype in both P. endodontalis and P. intermedia. 3. P. endodontalis serotype c, isolated from different patients, exhibited limited genotypic diversity.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1982

Streptococcus mutans strains were isolated from dental plaques of carious lesions of 53 patients on mitis-salivarius-bacitracin (MSB) and mitis-salivarius(MS) medium as a supplement. The epidemiological investigation was carried out to determine the biotypes and serotypes of S. mutans isolates. For the serotyping, autoclaved extract antigens from the isolates and serotype-specific antisera against seven known serotypes of S. mutans were prepared. The serotypes of the isolates were demonstrated in immunodiffusion test. In addtition, the prevalence of ${\beta}$-hemolysis on 5% sheep blood agar plate in restricted anaerobic condition and yellow pigment production on 5% sucrose agar plate in less anaerobic condition among the isolates were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. Forty-eight S. mutans strains were isolated from dental plaque samples of 33 patients (62.3%) among 53 patients. 2. Of the isolates, some strains were not grown on MSB medium. 3. Serotype c S. mutans was found in 60.6%, serotype d was found in 30.3% of the patients who were known to harbor S. mutans. 4. Of. the isolates, serotype c isolates were most prevalent (43.8%), serotype d isolates were 25.0%, and serotype b, e, f and g isolates were also found but in lower frequencies. Serotype a S. mutans were not detected. 5. The correlation between serotype and biotype of the isolates was found in 78.6% of the typing cases. 6. Strains revealed ${\beta}$-hemolysis were in 52.1% of the isolates, strains produced yellow pigment were in 47.9% of the isolates, and with one exception, all the strains were belong to serotype c, e and f. 7. The majority of the isolates which revealed ${\beta}$-hemolysis appeared to be yellow pigmented, these isolates were belong to serotype c, e and f.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권3호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2011

Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease is one of the smoking-related interstitial lung diseases. Histopathologically, it shows respiratory bronchiolitis, which is characterized by the accumulation of pigmented macrophages within the respiratory bronchioles, accompanying peribronchiolar inflammation. Clinically, it is presented with respiratory symptoms such as a cough, sputum and dyspnea on exertion. It is well known that the incidence of malignancy in interstitial lung disease is high, but in respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease the report of accompanying malignancy is rare. Here we report a case of a 60-year-old male heavy smoker presented with a cough, sputum and clubbing finger. A chest computed tomography (CT) of the patient did not show any shadow suspected of malignancy, but adenocarcinoma was found on a transbronchial lung biopsy and on a surgical lung biopsy with respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease.