• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 1993

곤충의 탈피작용에서 일어나는 키틴 분해대사를 구명하기 위한 목적으로 배추흰나비 (Pieris rupae L.)에서 3종의 서N-acetylglucosaminldase(El, Ell, Elll)를 분리, 정제하였다. Polvacrylamide gel 상에서 이들 효소의 활성은 기질과 triphenvltetrazolium chloride와의 반응 결과 생기는 발색정도로 확인하였다. 각각의 분자량은 76,000, 55,000, 35,000 da, pl 값은 모두 5.8이었으며 후p$\beta$GlcNAc와 각p$\beta$GaINAc에 대해서 다같이 기질특이성을 나타내었다. 또한 El과 Elll는 탈피 시기와 일치하는 전용 말기에 최대 활성을 나타내었으며 Ell는 용화 직후에 최대 활성을 나타내었다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 1979

To determine the metabolism of leucine during the cuticle formation and the sclerotization process in Pieris rapae L., $U-^3$H-leucine or $U-^4$C-tyrosine is injected into the haemolymph of newly molted pupa through dorsal cuticle of heart area. The results show that leucine as a common amino acid participates in the synthesis of cuticle protein over the first 3 hr after ecdysis. It is also shown that leucine in the haemolymph at ecdysis is freely being moved between major internal organs during the short time period post-ecdysis, providing the evidence for some involvements including haemolymph protein synthesis and storage of fat body and gut in metabolism of leucine.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 1982

Ultrastructural changes of the testis in Pieris rapae L. observed under the electron microscope during the metamorphosis from prepupa to pupa. The peritoneal sheath, epithelium of the follicle and cucticle have the maximum thickness at prepupa stage and afterthen gradually they began to degenerate. The epithelium of the follicle which formed by invagination of the peritoneal sheath is differently differentiationed from the peritoneal sheath and it is similar to the adult's from the pupa 2 days. The cell organelles begin to increase in the cytoplasm of the cyst cell enclosed the sperm bundles at pupa 3 hrs. The electron densed granules which observed in the peritoneal sheath and epithelium of the follicle at prepupa seem to be related with fusion of the testis.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1989

Non-diapausing larvae and diapausing pupae of Pieris rapae L. were treated with 20-HE and JH, and the concentration of 20-HE and JH in body were also measured to determine mechanisms of diapause induction and termination. When early last instar larvae of non-diapausing stage were injected with 20-HE or JH-I, diapause was not induced in both cases. 20-HE concentration of pre-diapausing last instar larvae was very low, and 20-HE peak of non-diapausing two-day-old pupae was not present in diapausing pupae. There was no difference in concentration of JH-I between diapausing and non-diapausing stages. When early and late diapausing pupae were injected with 20-HE, JH-I, or JH-III. diapause was terminated by 0.1-0.5 $\mu$g of 20-HE, but not by JH-I, or JH-III. The above results indicate that diapause of Pieris rapae was induced by decrease of 20-HE concentration and also terminated by gradual accumulation of 20-HE during diapause process.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.86-100
• /
• 1985

A observation of the ovarian development and oogenesis of Pieris rapae Linne has been carried out during metamorphosis using stereo-microscope, light microscope and electron microscope. The results obtained through this experiment are as follows: 1. The ovarian development and vitellogenesis begin at the 3-day old pupa and the 6-day old pupa respectively, and the adult ovary right after their emergence contains a few mature eggs. 2. The species described above are further observed at six different stages in oogenesis, and the results are summarized as follows. 1) Pieris rapae has polytrophic ovarioles. The cell organelles of the nurse cells are transfered to the oocyte through the ring canal at the early oogenesis. 2) At stage 2, the nuclear envelope of oocyte nucleus is less infolding than that of nurse cell nucleus. In the oocyte cytoplasm a large number of ribosomes are observed. 3) At stage 3 and 4, many micropinocytotic vesicles are observed in the oocyte cytoplasm. These vesicles are fused together to form large proteid yolks. 4) At stage 5, the vitelline membrane is laid down in the intercellular space between the follicle cells and oocyte. 5) At stage 6, the chorion is formed by the follicle cells. 6) A micropyle and a number of aeropyle are observed on the surface of a mature egg.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 1981

Testis of Pieris rapae L. was observed by using light microscope and electron microscope. The results were as follows 1. Pieris rapae L. possesses a ovoid single testis colored red. 2. Peritoneal sheath consists of three layers; outer cuticular layer, middle filamentous layer, inner layer with no filaments. 3. Follicles enclosed by peritoneal sheath are compacted by the folds of the. epithelium of follicle. They are opened together toward the duct of vas deferens. 4. Epithelium of follicle have high electron density and contain needle shaped structures and glycogen. Tracheoles are extended into the epithelium of follicle. 5. Cyst cells have a irregular shaped nucleus and cell organelles are abundant in cytoplasm. 6. Typical acrosomes were not observed, but the other structure smillar to the acrosome of the other insect or vetebrate were observed. 7. After releasing the sperm bundle, cyst cells seem to be autolyzed.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.98-106
• /
• 1994

The corneal formation of compound eye of Pieris rapae L., which was mostly made during pupal stage, was morphologically investigated with light microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The regeneration of the microvilli were found on the surface membranes of corneagen cells and retinular pigment cells of preommatidium after apolysis pupal cuticle. The microvilli were finally differentiated to corneal nipples of the ommatidium. The corneal cuticle was generated on the superficial layer of the preommatidium from corneagen cells and retinular pigment cells. The corneal process was also formed under the cuticular layer from the corneagen cells. The pore canal was appeared within the cuticular layer and connected with the retinular pigment cell as if the root of interommatidial hair was connected. The interommatidial hair was projected randomly among the ommatidial facets and cornal nipple was arrayed regular on the ommatidial facets. The cornea was convex lens and the refracting power by its convex shape was 4 diopter.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.43-53
• /
• 1973

The flight muscles in Pieris rapae have been examined to study ultrastructural changes in mitochondria with aging. All the mitochondira of flight muscle from the butterfly are recognized as type A which has the simple folded cristae and light matrix, and type B which possesses the complex multicristae and dense matrix. In just newly emerged butterflies both A and B type mitochondria are almost equally present. About ten days after emergence the type A mitochondria rapidly decrease, compared with the type B. In ten-day-old butterflies the type B mitochondria vary in ultrastructure with age. Ultrastructural changes of these aged mitochondria are supposed to occur, in part, by reorganization of inner membranes into myelin-like structures which represent the phase of degeneration of the B type with age. Age-dependent increase in size and number of concentric rings in myelin-like whorl are also found. Glycogen particles penetrated from the cytoplasmic matrix of the muscle cell into the mitochondrial matrix to be in the center of their concentric rings.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 1985

The ultrastructure of the trachea of the compound eye in adult cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L., was studied. Trachea under the basement membrane is divided into tracheoles of the ommatidia which blanched 4 tracheoles during 2 divisions. Tracheoles of the ommatidia originated from one tracheolar cell and its nuclear is located under the basement membrane and its cytoplasm enveloped the retinular cell and the retinular pigment cell. The modified structure of tracheoles is located at the first division area of the ommatidia and its size is $8{\mu}mX4.5{\mu}m$. And the length of its taenidium is $0.1{\sim}0.6{\mu}m$, diameter $0.15{\mu}m$, and interval $0.3{\mu}m$.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 1995

Ultrastructure of stemmata(larval eye) of 5th-instar larval in cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L, was morphologically investigated with light microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope Six stemmata are on each side of the head. Stemmata V and VI have a Y-shaped sulcus on the surface of their corneal lenses, the others have a columnar shaped process and smooth globular surface. The visual type of stemmata is resembled a single ommatidium of compound eye. The dioptric apparatus are a biconvex shaped cornea and crystalline cone. As a photoreceptor, each stemmata consists of 7 retinular cells arranged into 2 tiers. The first ceil tier of 3 distal retinular cells has formed a V-shaped cup rhabdome and the second cell tier of 4 basal retinular cells has formed a H-shaped fused rhabdome. Each retinular cell filled with pigment granules and contained multivesiclular bodies, coated vesicle and common organelles. The peripheral parts of retinular cells are enveloped by neuroglia cells and retinular cells are surrounded by 3 corneagenous cells. The distal portions of the 3 corneagenous cells contact each other, but the Y-shaped stemmata is separated from each other immediately under the cornea. The 7 axons from each stemma congregate into a bundle and each 7-axon group joins to form a stemmatal nerve, consisting of 42 retinular axons.