• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1491-1495
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality traits in three constitutional types, So-yang, So-eum and Tae-eum, using NEO-PI-R. The Questionnaire for QSCC II and NEO-PI-R Korean version were completed by 155 university students (108 males and 47 females), Analysis of difference among groups was conducted by ANOVA and followed by Scheffe test. Significant differences of personality among three constitutional types were revealed with respect to NEO-PI-R scales such as Extroversion and Openness in the big five factors and Anxiety, Angry ,Gregariousness, Assertiveness, Excitement Seeking, positive Emotion, Fantasy, Feeling, Action, Values, Modest and Deliberation in subtypesof the big five factors. The score of So-yang is significantly higher than that of so-eum in Extroversion, Openness, Angry, Gregariousness, Assertiveness, Excitement Seeking, Positive Emotion, Fantasy, Action and Values. The score of So-yang is significantly higher than that of Tae-eum in Extroversion, Openness, Gregariousness, Assertiveness, Excitement Seeking, Feeling, Action and Values. The score of So-eum is significantly higher than that of So-yang in Anxiety, Modest and Deliberation. The results Suggst that NEO-PI-R is helpful to determine constitution type, especially in the level of personality.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.277-279
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• 1985

Orbital interactions of the types, ${\sigma}-{\pi},\;{\sigma}^*-{\pi},\;{\sigma}-{\pi}^*\;and\;{\sigma}^*-{\pi}^*$ are investigated for the rotamers of ${\alpha}$-X-acetones (X = F and Cl) using STO-3G method of calculation. It was found that the interactions are possible only in gauche forms, and the ${\sigma}^*-{\pi}^*$ interactions are in general greater than the $\sigma-\pi$ interactions due to the greater overlap, in spite of the greater energy gap involved; the greater ${\sigma}^*-{\pi}^*$ interaction causes greater lowering of ${\pi}^*$ level relative to the lowering of ${\sigma}$ in the ${\sigma}-{\pi}$ interaction so that both ${\sigma}-{\pi}^*$ and $n-{\pi}^*$ interactions are enhanced in the gauche forms. The extra stability of the gauche form and the red shift in the $n-{\pi}^*$ transition are thus found to be natural corollaries of the greater ${\sigma}^*-{\pi}^*$ interaction in the gauche forms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.131-132
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• 1984

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.279-281
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• 2006

In this paper, we study an approach to design a self-tuning Fuzzy-PI controller in HVDC(High Voltage Direct Current) system. In the rectifier of conversional HVDC system, turning on, turning off, triggering and protections of thyristors have lots of problems that can make the dynamic instability and cannot damp the dynamic disturbance efficiently. The above problems are solved by adapting Fuzzy-PI controller for the fire angle control of rectifier.[7] The performance of the Fuzzy-PI controller is sensitive to the variety of scaling factors. The design procedure dwells on the use of evolutionary computing(Genetic Algorithms, GAs). Then we can obtain the optimal scaling factors of the Fuzzy-PI controller by Genetic Algorithms. In order to improve Fuzzy-PI controller, we adopt FIS to tune the scaling factors of the Fuzzy-PI controller on line. A comparative study has been performed between Fuzzy-PI and self-tuning Fuzzy-PI controller, to prove the superiority of the proposed scheme.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.157-161
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• 1983

Ab initio calculations were performed on systems containing various basic ${\pi}$ fragments and glycines to generalize the ${\pi}$-nonbonded interaction (${\pi}$-NBI) method of determining relative conformational and configurational stability of organic molecules. It was found that the relative stability of conformational isomers can be determined in general by the simple application of the ${\pi}$-NBI method, but the method is not applicable to the geometrical isomerism in which stronger structural factors are involved. The ${\pi}$-NBI effect of a crowded ${\pi}$-structure ($n{\pi}/m$) is maximum for the system in which n is equal to m. In crowded structures containing heteroatoms, ${P^{\pi}}_{ij}$ values of 4N+1 system may become negative, but this sign reversal does not invalidate the predictions based on the ${\pi}$-NBI method.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 2022

Objectives : To examine the developmental process of the Pi-Yin theory since the Huangdineijing to Miu Xiyong. Methods : Related contents since the Huangdineijing to Miu Xiyong was searched to examine the development of the Pi-Yin theory. Results & Conclusions : In the Huangdineijing and Shanghanzabinglun, the origin of the Pi's body fluids that nurtures everywhere is explained to be the Wei, which limited the development of the Pi-Yin theory. Liu Wansu understood tonification of the Pi by means of moistening medicinals to mean adding Pi-Yin based on the manifestation of dryness in the case of dampness deficiency which is the main Qi of the Pi and Wei. Zhu Danxi understood adding Pi-Yin as accomplished by supplementing Blood. The understanding of the nature of Pi to be 'likes dryness and hates dampness' leading to thinking that drying dampness tonifies the Pi was the reason why the Pi-Yin theory could not develop fully. Miu Xiyong accepted theories of both Li Dongyuan and Zhu Danxi, and constructed the Pi-Yin theory to bring caution to the unwanted effects of using Baizhu wrongly. Through examination of the developmental process of the Pi-Yin theory, it could be understood that rather than focusing on the physiological function of the Pi-Yin and ways of maintaining its proper functioning, the theory was developed to bring caution to using medicinals with dry and hot properties that could dry the Pi-Yin.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1985

PMO expressions for ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ orbital interaction have been derived. Important differences between ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ and ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ interactions predicted by PMO expressions are : (ⅰ) energy splitting in ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ interaction will be greater than that in ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ interaction, (ⅱ) energy change due to interaction will be more destabilizing in ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ than in ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ interaction. These predictions were borne out in experimental data and in results of MO theoretical computations. It was pointed out that both STeO-3G and INDO-LCBO methods underestimate ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ orbital interaction and in order to estimate properly with MO theoretical calculation, use of split valence basis set is required.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1787-1795
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• 2007

The objectives of this paper are to introduce the PI(Public Involvement) in railway project and case study about public participation in decision making process for Ko-Yang light rail line development, besides to emphasize the importance of information considering the difference of resident location, regional character and so on are investigated before and after public participation. As the results, it was clarified about PI activities styles that consensus is not achieved in Ko-Yang public participation, the psychological factor such as the knowledge and satisfaction, receptivity about light rail project strongly is affected to making decision.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1068-1076
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• 2004

Technology on the proportional integral (PI) control have grown rapidly owing to the needs for the robust capacity of the controllers from industrial building sectors. However, PI controller requires tuning of gains for optimal control when the outside weather condition changes. The present study presents the possibility of reinforcement learning (RL) control algorithm with PI controller adapted in the HVAC system. The optimal design criteria of RL controller was proposed in the Environment Chamber experiment and a theoretical analysis was also conducted using TRNSYS program.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2006

In this paper, we study an approach to design a Fuzzy PI controller in HVDC(High Voltage Direct Current) system. In the rectifier of traditional HVDC system, turning on, turning off, triggering and protections of thyristors have lots of problems that can make the dynamic instability and cannot damp the dynamic disturbance efficiently. In order to solve the above problems, we adapt Fuzzy PI controller for the fire angle control of rectifier. The performance of the Fuzzy PI controller is sensitive to the variety of scaling factors. The design procedure dwells on the use of evolutionary computing(Genetic Algorithms, GAs). Then we can obtain factors of the Fuzzy PI controller by Genetic Algorithms. A comparative study has been performed between Fuzzy PI controller and traditional PI controller, to prove the superiority of the proposed scheme.