• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1373-1381
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• 2013

Mt. Yeonae is at Gijang-gun in Busan and is surrounded by farming lands on three sides. The search for the species composition and dynamics of local communities were studied at Mt. Yeonae of how spatial similarity decays with geographic distance. The index values of Z$\ddot{u}$rich-Montpellier School's phytosociology at the 12 plots was compared to a distribution of similarly using 20 m quadrates at 12 sites. The specific communities were five including Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community. Six species were significant similarity between neighboring sites by using the spatial autocorrelation coefficient, Moran's I. If Mt. Yeonae was destroyed by an artificial action, some spatial correlated species such as P. densiflora and Q. variabilis will be collapsed because of no maintaining the effective population sizes.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-122
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• 1989

The vegetation and landscape of Hokkaido were phytosociologically referred. The region of F a g e t e a c r e n a t a e on Hokkaido is divided into two types of deciduous broad-leaved forest: the oak (Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata) forests mixed with conifers (mainly Abies sachalinensis) and the beech (Fagus crenata) forests of northernmost distribution in far-east Asia. The oak forests, which is dominated by Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata in Japanse islands, seem to be developed from different climatic and edaphic conditions, especially in the amount and sharing pattern of precipitation in a year, and weak acid brown forest soil, volcanic ash soil and sandy soil. On the all-inclusive phytogeographical view-point, Hokkaido is situated at northernmost region of F a g e t e a c r e n a t a e (cool-temperate zone)neighboring with subarctic and subalpine vegetation, vegetation, but the evergreen broad-leaved forest (C a m e l l i e t e a j a p o n i c a e, warm-temperate zone) is abscent.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.471-484
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• 1994

The forest vegetation types and their structural characteristics in Mt. $Mud\v{u}ng$ were investigated by classification method and ordination method. The forest was classified into 7 communities by ristic composition table: Quercus monogolica community, Q. serrata community, Q.acutissima community, Q.variabilis community, Q.dentata community, Pinus densiflora community and Frainus mandshurica community. Considering the moisture gradient, two kinds of distributuin pattern were shown as follows; F. mandshurica, Q. acturissima, Platycarya strobilacea and Staphylea bumalda were distribute at moist habitats, while Q. monogolica, P. densiflora and Q.variabilis at dry habitats. In continuum analysis, each population occupied different distribution area but it was continuously overlapped. On the successional trends of tree species, it is postulated that Q. mongolica species might dominate the altitudinal zone over 700m.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.125-138
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• 2001

본 연구는 명지산 식생의 보전방안의 수립과 생태계의 건전한 이용을 위해 수행되었다. 인위적인 훼손이 지속되는 등산로 주변은 질경이군란과 쑥-미국쑥부쟁이군락 등 노변식물 군락으로 나타났으며, 등산로 주변과 벌목지는 중부지방에서 잡목림이라 할 수 있는 고추나무-산뽕나무군락으로 나타났다. 그러나 중부지방에 위치한 명지산의 기후적 극상림인 낙엽활렵수림의 군락은 표고 300m 이상의 깊은 계곡과 정상부근에 극상림에 가까운 신갈나무-당단풍군락으로 잔존하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 신갈나무-당단풍군락 주변에는 비교적 인위적인 영향을 크게 받은 병꽃나무-조록싸리 군락으로 구분되었다. 또한 이들 군락 내에서는 금강초롱꽃, 백작약, 도깨비부채, 개족도리 등의 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물들이 다수 관찰되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

본 연구는 울릉도의 성인봉과 태하령지역의 산림식생을 분류하기 위해 199년 7-8월에 36개소를 선정하여 식생조사를 실시하였으며 식물사회학적 방법과 TWINSPAN에 의하여 군락을 분류하였다 울릉도 산림의 종조성표에 의한 군락 분류결과 너도밤나무-섬노루귀 군락군으로 판명되었다 이 군락군은 다시 솔송나무-섬잣나무 군락, 참나도히초미-졸방제비꽃군락으로 크게 나뉘어졌으며 참나도히초미-졸방제비꽃군락은 다시 전형하위군락. 섬조릿대하위군락 일색고사리하위군락으로구분되었다 TWINSPAN에 의한 분류결과는 솔송나무-섬작나무군락 너도밤나무-섬조릭대군락 너도밤나무-일색고사리군락, 너도밤나무-큰두루미꽃군락으로 구분되었다 식물사회학적 군락 분류결과와 TWINSPAN에 의한 군락분류결과는 4개 군락으로 구분되는 일치성을 보이고 있어 두 방법에 의한 군락 분류방법은 상호 보완될수 있다고 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1998

The distributional characteristics about 8 syntaxa of mantle communitly (Mantelgesellschaften) in South Korea was studied. This study was carried out by geographic and bioclimatic analysis on 326 phytosociological releves on the basis of syntaxonomy and hierarchical system of mantle community already obtained from Zurich-Montpellier School's method, which involves direct analysis on the latitude, altitude, annual mean temperature and the lowest temperature of each site. The distributional characteristics of mantle communities in South Korea appeared from South to North in the order of Mallotetum japonicae, Clerodendretum trichotomae, Akebietum quinatae, Lonicero-Puerarietum lobatae, Spiraetum salicifoliae. Dioscoreo-Actinidietum argutae, Sorbarietum stellipilae and Tripterygietum regelii. It is suggested that the information (syntaxonomical, floral, geographic and bioclimatic data) of Japan, North Korea and China is essential to determine the distributional characteristics of mantle community in Korean Peninsula.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.779-789
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• 1998

The forest vegetation established on Mt. Hwangryung located in Pusan, southern Korea was analyzed through phytosociological procedure. Vegetation of the study area was categorized into 14 communities, 16 groups, and 13 subgroups. Vegetation units obtained from such an analysis were shown in a detailed vegetation map (scale 1:5,000). Ecological characteristics of each vegetation unit were discussed on the basis of the principle of restoration ecology. From those results, it was confirmed that some introduced vegetation under excessive artificial interference was in unstable state and then ecological restoration was needed. On the other hand, ecological information and management systems to maintain the urban forest as ecologically healthy state were developed using GIS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 1989

^x Mt. Sorak national park trails are receiving high levels of use that is affecting user satisfaction and resource management. Trampling impacts studies were conduced in 2 courses to measure soil loss, extent of trail width, and vegetation change. Trail erosion were quantified using a cross -sectional area and most Portions were eroded severely in Oe - Sorak course especially. Phytosociological changes were also surveyed on trail - sides and controls by quadrat to confirm that trampling had an effect on the composition of the vegetation. Information from this study could be used directly in the planning, construction of new trails, and the maintenance of existing trails.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.540-561
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• 2011

We carried out a study for ecological management and ideal vegetation structure selection on the shrine forest of 'Miwhang-sa' considering the species diversity and the vegetation structure analysis associated with global warming. We carried out the analyses of phytosociological vegetation structure, correlation between vegetation units and environmental variables, life form, species diversity, and species evenness. This study identified the vegetation units as 3 communities. The identified vegetation units are as follows: Quercus acuta community(DQ), Quercus serrata-Quercus variabilis community(QQ) and Celtis sinensis community(CS). According to the basis on the environmental variables; Ca, Mg and P, Celtis sinensis community and other communities were classified. Quecus serrata-Quercus variabilis comm. and Quercus acuta comm. were classified, according to the basis on the environmental variables; organic matter(OM), Ni and Zn. Sasa borealis as life form R1-2, dominated the herb layer and will dominate the herb and shrub layers. Species simplification is formed on herb layer and will be formed on shrub layer. The species diversity of Quercus serrata-Quercus variabilis community is higher than the one of Quercus acuta community, and the species diversity of shrine forest around Miwhang-sa was higher than the shrine forest around Nameun-sa where evergreen broad-leaved forests dominate. It is essential that the long-term vegetation management considering the vegetation units by phytosociological analysis, the species simplification problem of low layers by S. borealis and the species diversity and evenness in the shrine forest, Miwhang-sa.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken in moist temperate forest of Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim of the present study was to assess the physical properties of soils in relation to the forest structure and composition. Twelve forest types according to the altitude, slope aspect and species compositions were selected for the study. Physical properties of soil i.e., soil colour, soil texture (per cent of sand, silt and clay), moisture content, water holding capacity, porosity, bulk density (gm/$cm^3$) and void ratio were analyzed for three different depths viz., (i) 'upper' (0-10 cm), (ii) 'middle' (11-30 cm) and (iii) 'lower' (31-60 cm) in all the selected forest types. Phytosociological and diversity parameters viz. total basal cover ($Gha^{-1}$), stem density ($Nha^{-1}$), tree species richness, Simpson concentration of dominance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were also calculated for each forest type. This study also provides the comparisons between the results of physical analysis of the present study with numerous other previous studies in the temperate Himalayan region of the Uttarakhand.