• Development and Reproduction
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2004

Aquaporins(AQPs) are a family of transmembrane water channel proteins that are widely distributed in various tissues throughout the body and play a major role in Oanscellular and Oansepithelial water movement. Uterine endometrium undergoes recurrent uterine stromal edema in response to hormonal stimuli, however, the mechanism regulating the fluid transport during the estrous cycle has not been fully understood. To investigate the possible role of AQPs in water movement in uterus during the estrous cycle, expression patterns of AQP -1, -3, -4, -5, -8, and -9 UMh in mouse uterus were analyzed by using semiquantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction(RT-nR). We employed a combination of laser capture microdissection(LCM) and RT-PCR to examine the expression patterns in specific uterine cell types luminal epithelial cells(LE) and stromal cells(S). Our results showed that the level of AQP-4 mRNA was significantly increased while the level of AQP-3 mRNA was significantly decreased during the proestous through the estrus stage. In addition LCM revealed that AQP-4 and -8 mRNAs were highly expressed in LE compared with S. Taken together, these results suggest that AQPs may have an important function in physiological changes of mouse uterus during the estrous cycle.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 1990

The present study exarnines the physiological alteradons in prolactin (PRL) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and serum PRL levels during the rat estrous cycle and the effed of naloxone, an endogenous oploid peptide receptor antagonist, on PRL gene expression during the rat estrous cycle. Adult female rats exhibiting at least two consecutive 4-day estrous cycles were used in this study. A single injection of naloxone (2mg/kg b.w.) or saline was given sc 30 mm prior to decapitation. Animals were sacrificed at 10:00 h of each stage of the estrous cycle, and at 2-h intervals from 10:00 h to 20:00 h during the proestrus. PRL mRNA and serum PRL levels were determined by a RNA-blot hybridization with the rat PRL cDNA probe and by a PRL radjoimmunoassay, respectively. PRL mRNA and serum PRL levels were not dramatically altered in the morning of each stage of diestrus I, II and proestrus, and naloxone failed to modify the two parameters. During estrus naloxone clearly suppressed serum PRL levels, but it was unable to modify PRL mRNA levels. A more detailed examination of the proestrus stage revealed that PRL mRNA and serum PRL levels were fluctuated as a function of time: PRL mRNA levels reached a maximum level at 12:00 h and gradually decreased until 18:00 h. PRL mRNA levels then rose at 20:00 h. No difference of PRL mRNA levels between the control and naloxone-treated groups was observed. Changes in serum PRL levek during proestrus were conversely related to changes in PRL mRNA: serum PRL levels were low from 10:00 h to 14:00 h, then increased and reached a maximum level at 16:00-18:00 h. Following then, serum PRL levels were decreased. Naloxone was effective in suppressing the charaderistic afternoon surge of PRL from 16:00 h to 20:00 h. These data clearly showed that alterations in PRL mRNA levels were conversely correlated with changes mn serum PRL levels on proestrus, indicating a differential regulation of PRL gene expression and secretion.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.914-922
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• 2003

Ailanthus altissima has been used to settle an upset stomach, to alleviate a fever, and as an insecticide. We reported that the water extract of A. altissima induced apoptotic cell death in HL-60 human leukemia cell line. Here, we showed the dose-dependent inhibitions of cell viability by the extract, as measured by cell morphology. The cell cycle control genes are considered to play important roles in tumorigenesis. The purpose of the present study is also to investigate the effect of A. altissima on cell cycle progression and its molecular mechanism in the cells. The level of p21 protein was increased after treatment of the extract, whereas both Bcl-2 and Bax protein levels were not changed. These results suggest that A. altissima induces apoptotic cell death via p21-dependent signaling pathway in HL-60 human leukemia cell line which delete wild type p53. G1 checkpoin related gene products tested (cyclin D3, cyclin dependent kinase 4, retinoblastoma, E2F1) were decreased in their protein levels in a dose-dependent manner after treatment of the extract. Taken together, these results indicate that the increase of apoptotic cell death by A. altissima may be due to the inhibition of cell cycle in HL-60 human leukemia cell line

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.532-536
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• 2004

Due to the fourth-instar larvae of C. riparius have a sensitive to ecdysteroidal molting hormones for the life cycle developments, accordingly the emerged adult affected corresponding to larval phase's environments. The emerged female from larval phase exposure to DEHP observed a fact body and clumsy fling behavior in females. The body volume of treated female groups was clearly larger than that of control fe- males. In the 2D/E gel 1108 protein spots were identified. The visualized protein spots allowed extraction of 27 protein spots differed more than 3 fold in DEHP treated animals, which was approximately 2.4％ of the total protein spots. In this view, the body volume (or morphological characters) was well observed and detected faster than physiological detection for various EDCs. In this study, the body volume as a detecting po-int for EDCs suggested a bio-marker in individual levels.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Mating is an essential behavioural social event in the life cycle of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L.) for the perpetuation of population. A number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and events of significant importance are involved in successful mating and egg deposition by an adult silk moth which besides biochemical, physiological and environmental factors also includes attraction of reproductively competent male and female moth for mating, duration and frequency of mating, age of moth at the time of mating, reuse of male moth in the production of eggs etc. An attempt has been made in this review article to elucidate briefly the behaviour of male towards female moth after eclosion, impact of duration and frequency of mating on egg deposition and oviposition, reuse of mated male moth in the production of quality and quantity eggs etc. in the silk-worm, B. mori and its significance in silkworm seed production.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.502-509
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• 2007

This study evaluates thermal comfort by air conditioner temperature raising at the point of time that human body begins to adapt. Thermal comfort according to change of time enters by uncomfortable area gradually at general cold room temperature that magnetic pole is in human body. However, can know that keep continuous thermal comfort in case raise temperature in human body adaptation visual point. Experiments were performed in environmental chamber. Subjects were selected 4 men and 4 women whose life cycle were proved that are similar. The subjects stay in the pretesting room during the 30 minutes and enter the testing room under each experiment conditions. During the experiment, brain wave, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and thermal comfort and sensation responses were measured. In this study, physiological and psychological responses correspond under temperature raising at human body adaptation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.34C no.3
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• pp.37-47
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• 1997

Human observers perceive a contour where no line or edge is given (subject contour), such as the border between gratings of thin lines offset by half a cycle. Subjective contours occur in a wide variety of circumstances in nature. A common factor in all such figures in the perception of a surface(contour) occuluding part of a background, i.e. subject contours are always accompanied by subject surfaces. Some examples about these kinds of figures are given by kanizsa trangle or square. Ph;ysiological observations are reported in which the perceptual phenomenon that some simple examples of subject contours are perceived as images (gigures; contours) through physiological experiments was investgated. In this paper, we proposed a neural network extracting the induce dstimuli for the perception of subject contours based on the visual mechnism. This visual mechnism is proposed by hubel & wiesel's paper.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.92-104
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• 2005

Obesity rates are increasing worldwide, associated with excess acute and chronic disease risk. In most countries, obesity rates among women exceed rates in men, particularly during the post menopausal years. Many factors affect body weight and appetite, including age, metabolic rate, physical activity level, stress, cultural factors, socioeconomic status, health status and health literacy, diet composition, attitudes, and beliefs. Gender affects appetite and body weight indirectly by altering factors contributing to food choice. However, there is emerging evidence that gender affects appetite and body weight directly, altering the physiological control systems regulating appetite. The follicular menstrual cycle phase (estrogen-rich) is associated with relative suppression of appetite. Lower estrogen levels are associated with increased food intake, body weight gain, and altered body fat distribution in humans and animals. This paper reviews the linkages between estrogen and appetite regulation. While relationships among appetite, body weight, and gender-linked hormones are complex, research elucidating these interrelationships could lead to development of gender-specific treatment approaches for obesity and appetite dysregulation.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2002

In crustaceans, as in other arthropods, the molt cycle and the physiological process of growth are controlled by molting hormones (MH) which are steroid hormones, the ecdysteroids. Ecdysteroids are major arthropod hormones which control both development (embryonic and larval molts, metamorphosis) and reproduction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate both fenarimol and methoprene for embryotoxicity to daphnids. The embryotoxicity associated with each compound was assessed to discern whether the embryotoxicity of methoprene might be due to ecdysone agonist and the ecdysone antagonistic effects of fenarimol on Daphnia embryo. Exposure of daphnids for three weeks to 50 M methoprene resulted in a significantly high incidence of offspring that exhibited general toxicity. This exposure concentration had significant effects on the overall number of embryo death. However, exposure to 3 or 1 $\mu$M fenarimol were no significant effects on the embryo toxicity. The incidence of both of these toxicity increased with methoprene exposure. This observation suggest that methoprene showed embryonic general toxicity during embryo development, while, only fenarimol showed weak general toxicity with early stages of embryonic development.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.655-660
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• 1999

Sphingomyelinase (SMase EC:3.l.4.l2) has been suggested to play important roles in the cell cycle, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and the regulation of eukaryotic stress responses. SMase inhibitors may be a powerful tool to elucidate and regulate these cellular responses in which SMase involves. We first isolated an SMase inhibitor, named sphinin, from a strain of soil actinomycetes, F50970. Sphinin inhibited Mg/sup 2+/ -dependent neutral SMase from chicken embryo at 1.2 ㎍/㎖ of IC/sub 50/ Sphinin also inhibited acidic SMase, but it had no inhibitory activity on PI-PLC and PC-PLC, suggesting that sphinin is a specific inhibitor of SMase. The strain F50970 was identified as a Streptomyces sp. by its spiral spore chain, LL-diaminopimelic acid, menaquinone patterns of MK-9 (H'6) and MK-9 (H'8), FA-2c type of fatty acid pattern, and other morphological, physiological, and cultural characteristics.