• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1347-1353
• /
• 2008

Pulse condition is the essential division for conducting pulse diagnosis which is one of the most fundamental and important diagnostics in traditional Korean/Chinese medicine. We studied the pulse condition referred to classics of traditional medicine for a full understanding in present time and come to a conclusion like below. The reference to pulse condition was concluded to 'twenty four pulse conditions' which is the fundamental conception generally accepted in present age since it had first mentioned in "Huangdi Neijing" and after it had passed through "Nanjing", "pulse pattern identification-chapter of normal pulse"of Zhang Zhongjing and reached "Maijing"of Wang Shuhe. Although medical partitioners had different views to some extent about pulse condition, there were no significant differences in the main theoretical frame. Even though there had been a diversity of opinions on the classification of pulse-condition between various medical practitioners, the method of Dae-dae and the method of systematic endeavored by Zhou Xueting and Zhou Xuehai who were medical scholars in the Ch'ing dynasty have been a criterion for the classification of pulse-condition up to date. We were able to recognize that the change of pulse condition caused by pathological situation should be compared to physiological pulse condition for detecting the deficiency and excess by researching the analyzing methods of pulse condition mentioned in the "Lingshu", and the book of Hua Shou and Zhou Xuehai). To sum up, first normal pulse which is the physiological pulse condition should be a standard for detecting physiological pulse condition. Secondly, Zhou Xueting insisted that relaxed pulse should be a standard pulse condition for detecting normal pulse.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2020

We have developed a device for recording biological data by inserting three electrodes and a needle with an angular velocity sensor into the moth for the purpose of measuring the electromyogram of the flapping and the corresponding lift force. With this measurement, it is possible to evaluate the moth-physiological function of moths, and the amount of pesticides that insects are exposed to (currently LD50-based standards), especially the amount of chronic low-concentration exposure, can be reduced the dose. We measured and recorded 2-channel electromyography (EMG) and angular velocity corresponding to pitch angle (pitch-like angle) associated with wing flapping for 100 sweet potato hawkmoths (50 females and 50 males) with the animals suspended and constrained in air. Overall, the angular velocity and amplitude of EMG signals demonstrated high correlation, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.792. In contrast, the results of analysis performed on the peak-to-peak (PP) EMG intervals, which correspond to the RR intervals of ECG signals, indicated a correlation between ΔF fluctuation and angular velocity of R = 0.379. Thus, the accuracy of the regression curve was relatively poor. Using a DC amplification circuit without capacitive coupling as the EMG amplification circuit, we confirmed that the baseline changes at the gear change point of wing flapping. The following formula gives the lift provided by the wing: angular velocity × thoracic weight - air resistance - (eddy resistance due to turbulence). In future studies, we plan to attach a micro radio transmitter to the moths to gather data on potential energy, kinetic energy, and displacement during free flight for analysis. Such physiological functional evaluations of moths may alleviate damage to insect health due to repeated exposure to multiple agrochemicals and may lead to significant changes in the toxicity standards, which are currently based on LD50 values.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between clothing microclimate and physiological responses, including subjective sensations, when, in a $15^{\circ}C$ environment, a range of temperatures inside clothing is broadly produced from using various combinations of upper and lower garments. Six male subjects participated in the investigation and the results were as follows. For all types of inside garments, the temperature of the clothing was lower than the skin temperature for the whole body in each case. The mean temperature for inside clothing ($\bar{T}_{cl}$) significantly showed the highest correlation with mean weighted skin temperature (r = 0.816) and was less positively correlated with the temperature of the inside clothing at the chest (r = 0.326) (p < .01). Values for both the energy expenditure and the heart rate were less positively correlated with the clothing microclimate (p < .01). The change of body heat content showed a negative correlation with the surface temperature of the innermost clothing (r = -0.519) and there was a difference between the innermost surface temperature and the outermost surface temperature of the clothing at the chest (r = -0.577). As td increased, the increase of body heat content declined (p < .01). There was a negative correlation between body fat and some of the temperatures inside the clothing (p < .01) and body fat had no significant correlation with the humidity inside the clothing. Subjective sensations were more highly correlated with $\bar{T}_{cl}$ than with the temperature of the inside clothing at the chest and had not significantly correlation with the humidity of the inside clothing. In conclusion, through these results, it can be seen that the temperature inside the clothing was related to various physiological responses and subjective sensations, and that the mean temperature of the inside clothing ($\bar{T}_{cl}$) showed a higher relationship with the temperature of the inside clothing at the abdomen than that at the chest.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2002

Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of walking has been widely used to predict oxygen consumption in healthy subjects or patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictability of physiological cost index of walking for the amount of exercise and cardiac function. Walking exercise was conducted in 67 healthy children (age 4-12) with a self-selected comfortable walking speed on the level surface. Walking speed was calculated, and heart rate was measured before and immediately after the walking. PCI was calculated for statistical analysis. The results were as follows; 1) The walking speed tends to increase and PCI of walking tends to decrease with age. There was significant difference in walking speed and PCI of walking among three age groups (p<.05). The change of walking heart rate tends to decrease with age, however, there was no significant difference among three age groups. 2) Linear regression equation between walking speed and age was 'Y (walking speed) = 2.124X (age) + 48.286' ($R^2$=.337), (p=.00). 3) The walking heart rate tends to decrease with age. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and age was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 143.346 - 2.63X (age)' ($R^2$=.3425), (p=.00). 4) The walking heart rate decreased as body surface area (BSA) increased. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and BSA was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 149.830 - 27.115X (BSA)' ($R^2$=.3066), (p=.00). In conclusion, these equations and PCI could be useful to quantify the variation of energy expenditure of children with pathological gait when compared with age-matched healthy children.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.223-230
• /
• 2011

Physiological signals such as body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability and biomechanical workload for stress analysis were investigated during the cherry tomato harvesting work in a greenhouse. The skin temperatures raised $0.05^{\circ}C$/min, $0.03^{\circ}C$/ min, and $0.08^{\circ}C$/min in standing, stooping and squatting postures, respectively. Breath rate significantly increased from 18 to 28 breaths/min during the cherry tomato harvesting work. As the heart rate during the work ranged from about 72 to 110 beats/min (bpm), the cherry tomato harvesting work appeared to be a light intensity task of less than 110 bpm. The worker's average energy consumption rate in three positions during 43 min working time was 65.74 kcal (91 kcal/h in 70 kg). This was a light intensity of work, compared to 75 kcal/h in 70 kg of basic metabolic energy consumption rate of a worker with 70 kg weight; The maximum shear force on the disk (L5/ S1) due to static workload in the cherry tomato harvesting work was 446 N in the stooping posture, 321 N in the squatting posture and 287 N in the standing posture. Acute stress index expressed with the heart rate variability, increased parasympathetic activation up to about 70 while workers were doing most agricultural work in this study. This study provided a system to measure quantitatively workers' physiological change, kinematics and kinetic factors without any restrictions of space in the greenhouse works.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.523-532
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of multi interventional package (MIP) and lifestyle interventions (LI) on physiological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome, to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on biochemical parameters of women with metabolic syndrome and to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on socio-psychological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: A quasi experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group was used to collect data from 60 self-help group women. Samples were selected by multistage sampling. Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to MIP group and dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to LI group for 12 weeks. Control group received routine care. Demographic and clinical data sheets were used to collect basic information. Knowledge was assessed by a knowledge questionnaire. Physiological (weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (HDL, triglycerides and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The study found significant change in the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome as well as knowledge among the MIP group and LI group compared to the control group (p <.001). Conclusion: MIP and LI are effective in controlling the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Hence the guidance may be provided to women with metabolic syndrome for adopting necessary lifestyle changes as well as reflexology foot massage to control the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.332-338
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a known ethylene action inhibitor, on fruit quality and incidence of physiological disorders during a simulated marketing period in new mid-season Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) 'Changjo'. Flesh firmness of untreated control fruits was maintained with a hardness of 20.2 N until day 14 of simulated marketing but decreased rapidly to 6.2 N at day 21 of simulated marketing; losing its commercial quality. However, the firmness of 1-MCP treated fruits remained high (> 20.7 N) during the same period. Quality indices such as soluble solids content and titratable acidity in 'Changjo' pear did not show any significant differences during simulated marketing period regardless of 1-MCP treatment. For the difference in skin color, redness ($a^*$) tended to increase as simulated marketing period became longer, and 1-MCP treatment delayed this change by 7 days compared to the untreated fruits. No decrease occurred in ethylene production level with 1-MCP treatment in 'Changjo' pear. Meanwhile, 1-MCP treated pears showed a significantly lower respiration rate compared to the untreated fruits. Also, 1-MCP treatment effectively reduced the incidence of physiological disorders including internal flesh browning and mealiness symptoms during simulated marketing periods of 21 and 14 days, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that the use of 1-MCP is recommended for quality maintenance and for prevention of physiological disorders during simulated marketing periods of ${\geq}7days$ for mid-season Asian pear 'Changjo'.

• 스트레스연구
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 불안민감도가 과제수행과 스트레스 반응에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 이 과정에 우울감은 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하였다. 참가자들은 제한된 시간에 암산 문제를 완수하였고, 불안민감도지수와 우울증 선별도구에 응답하였다. 더불어, 실험 전후 참가자들의 코르티졸(Cortisol) 변화량을 확인하였다. 그 결과, 불안민감도가 높은 사람은 과제수행의 정확도가 떨어지고 코르티졸 수치가 유의미하게 상승하였다. 또한, 불안민감도와 우울감이 모두 높은 참가자들이 코르티졸 수치가 가장 크게 상승하였다. 본 연구는 자기보고식 응답에 근거하여 임상증상을 기술하는 것을 넘어 과제수행의 정확도와 생화학적 지표를 함께 제시함으로써, 보다 안정적으로 개인의 불안민감도와 우울감의 관계를 논의하였다는 의의를 지닌다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.571-578
• /
• 2014

The garlic cultivation area is moved by change of grown environment due to global warming. It is important to predict changes in cultivation area, quantity and quality of each crop. This study was carried out to estimate the yield and response of garlic growth by the rapid temperature changes in the greenhouse with thermostat control system. Seedlings of Namdo garlic were planted on September 27, 2012 and harvested on May 30, 2013. The used treatments for a rapid temperature change in March-April-May were T0 (control): $6.0-10.4-17.2^{\circ}C$, T1: $6.0-5.4(-5)-17.2^{\circ}C$, T2: $6.0-10.4-22.2(+5)^{\circ}C$ and T3: $6.0-5.4(-5)-22.2(+5)^{\circ}C$. Total dried weight per plant of garlic significantly increased by 5.0% for T2, but T1 and T3 decreased by 12.5 and 4.6%, respectively, compared to T0. Total yields of bulb within the temperature change as T2 and T0 increased significantly (p<0.05), as compared to T1. Decreasing temperature significantly (p<0.05) reduced plant height, SPAD reading, crude protein and fiber contents etc., as compared to T0 and T2. ABA contents gradually increased with time but IAA content rapidly decreased. Conclusively, growth and yield of garlic were more affected by decreased temperature than increased temperature at bulb development stage.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
• /
• pp.2696-2698
• /
• 2002

In this study, the comparison of the contractile states change at prime mover muscle with that at synergist muscle was executed, while the muscle contracted continuously with isometric contraction. The contractile states of muscle becomes to change when the voluntary contraction of skeletal muscle is progressed continuously. Such the contractile states change is divided into three states in consideration for not only physiological change but also the psychological change by CNS(central nervous system) as "stable state", "fatigue state" and "pain state". As a result of this study, the prime mover muscle is reached "pain state" but the synergist muscle is not reached. Namely the synergist muscle is delayed state than the prime mover muscle. This result judged that although the prime mover muscle have reached a limit when contraction is continued, owing to effect of delayed state of the synergist muscle, the prime mover muscle is endured some more contraction.