• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

현대 사회는 의료 기술의 발달로 인한 인간 수명의 연장과 핵가족화로 인하여 혼자 지내는 노인이 많아지면서 응급상황 발생시 신속한 의료서비스를 받지 못하는 경우가 많아지고 있다. 또한 대표적인 성인병인 심혈관질환과 뇌졸중 그리고 노인의 건강에 치명적인 낙상의 발생율도 높아지고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 심전도, 체온, 사용자의 움직임 등의 생체신호를 획득하고 획득된 생체신호를 분석하여 심혈관질환, 뇌졸중, 낙상 등의 응급상황 발생시 응급의료센터와 보호자에게 구조메시지를 전송할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 시스템은 크게 생체신호 획득부와 모바일부 두 부분으로 나눌 수 있다. 생체신호 획득부는 사용자에 따라 생체신호의 추가, 제거가 어렵다는 단점을 보완하기 위해 심전도, 체온, 가속도 센서 모듈로 모듈화 하여 구성하였다. 모바일부는 생체신호 획득부로부터 전송된 생체신호의 처리 및 응급상황시 메시지 전송, 생체신호의 디스플레이 역할을 수행하며, 생체신호 획득부에서 획득된 생체신호는 블루투스 모뎀을 통하여 모바일부로 전송된다. 또한 모바일부에서 처리된 신호는 802.11b 무선랜을 통하여 PC로 전송된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

Abiotic stress is one of the most serious problems in plant productivity because it dramatically delays plant growth and development. One of the abiotic stresses, soil salinity, has an adverse effect on plant growth, particularly in areas where irrigation is necessary like semiarid Asia and Africa. Among several physiological parameters, anthocyanin accumulation is a valuable indicator of the condition of the plant, and it tends to increase under salt stress conditions because of its protective role in such an environment. Consequently, it may be important to search for well adapted genotypes for upcoming climate changes. Anthocyanins are known to have important roles in defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, providing important functions for protecting plant cells from reactive oxygen species. In this study, we investigated the anthocyanin accumulation between two Korean sorghum genotypes, Sodamchal and Nampungchal. The two genotypes were subjected to a regulated salinity condition, and the anthocyanin contents were evaluated in both. In Nampungchal, the anthocyanin content increased with 150 mM NaCl treatment during the time course of the experiment. However, the anthocyanin content of Sodamchal decreased in the same condition. The measured values of the anthocyanin content should be useful to identify the intensity of the salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L. Furthermore, we studied gene expression profiling of salt stress related genes with qRT-PCR. These results suggest that Nampungchal is a more tolerant genotype to salt stress compared to Sodamchal. This information should be useful for breeding salt-resistant cultivars in sorghum.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

During a learning process, a human being is assumed to experience knowledge-based behaviors, rule-based behaviors, and skill-based behaviors sequentially if Rasmussen was right. If any psycho-physiological symptom to those different levels can be obtained, it can be useful as a measure whether a human being is fully trained and has gotten a skill in his work. Therefore, this study aimed to draw relationships between human performance measures and psycho-physiological measures while committing a computer-simulated pointing task by utilizing the power spectrum technique of EEG data, especially with the ratio of relative beta-to-alpha band power. The result showed that, during correct responses, the ratio came to stabilize as all the performance data went stable. However, response time was not a simple linear function of task difficulty level only, but a joint function of task characteristics as well as behavior levels. Comparing relative band power ratios from errors and correct responses, activated states of one's brain could be explained, and characteristics of the task could understood. To tell that of pointing task, correlations around C3, C4, P3, P4 and 01, 02 area were significant and high in correct response cases whereas most correlation coefficients went down in error cases standing for imbalance of psycho-motor functions. Though task difficulty was the only one factor that could influence on relative band power ratio with statistical significance, it should be comprehended to mean a different way of expression indicating task characteristics since at least error-some situation could be explained with the help of relative band power ratio that absolute band power failed.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.415-434
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• 2008

Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C is an effector molecule in the signal transduction process. It generates two second messengers, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Currently, thirteen mammal PLC isozymes have been identified, and they are divided into six groups: PLC-$\beta$, -$\gamma$, -$\delta$, -$\varepsilon$, -$\zeta$ and -$\eta$. Sequence analysis studies demonstrated that each isozyme has more than one alternative splicing variant. PLC isozymes contain the X and Y domains that are responsible for catalytic activity. Several other domains including the PH domain, the C2 domain and EF hand motifs are involved in various biological functions of PLC isozymes as signaling proteins. The distribution of PLC isozymes is tissue and organ specific. Recent studies on isolated cells and knockout mice depleted of PLC isozymes have revealed their distinct phenotypes. Given the specificity in distribution and cellular localization, it is clear that each PLC isozyme bears a unique function in the modulation of physiological responses. In this review, we discuss the structural organization, enzymatic properties and molecular diversity of PLC splicing variants and study functional and physiological roles of each isozyme.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2007

This study were investigated the changes in chemical components, quality characteristics of the fermented broth, and physiological functionality during fermentation period of fruit, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. pH and $^{\circ}$Bx gradually decreased and the viscosity increased. The chromaticity of L, a, and b all increased. The total number of germs dropped from $10^5{\sim}10^6\;to\;10^2{\sim}10^3$ CFU/ml, and that of lactobacilli also decreased noticeably. According to the result of the effect on fat oxidation, a very low level of TBARS was shown. After thirty days of fermentation, the amount of each fermentation broth increased more or less, but as it declined considerably after ninety days, it was found that the binding effect of $Fe^{2+}$ ion was small and insignificant. The electron donating ability, though not reaching 0.5% ascorbic acid, showed a high level of activity from $33.71{\sim}72.15%$ before fifteen days and $44.76{\sim}75.20%$ ninety days after fermentation. Among them, the fruit fermentation solution showed the highest activity. It was also found that the organic functions for each fermentation broth decreased more or less depending on the fermentation period and the thirty-days-old fermentation broth were favored most. On the basis of the above experiment results, it can be concluded that the optimum fermentation period for fruit, vegetables, and medicinal herb is thirty to ninety days.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2004

KBPTS is the fortified prescription of Bang-pung-tong-sung-san (BPTS) by adding Spatholobi Clulis and Salviae Miltiorrzae Radix. BPTS prescription has been used in Qriental medicine for the treatments of vascular diseases including hypertension, stroke, and arteriosclerosis, and nervous system diseases. Yet, the overall mechanism underlying its activity at the cellular levels remains unknown. To investigate the protective role of KBPTS on brain functions, noxious stimulations were applied to neurons in vitro and in vivo. KBPTS pretreatment in cultured cortical neurons of albino ICR mice rescued death caused by AMPA, NMDA, and kainate as well as by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and ferrous chloride (Fe/sup 2+/) treatments. Furthermore, KBPTS promoted animal's recovery from coma induced by a sublethal dose of KCN and improved survival by a lethal dose of KCN. To examine its physiological effects on the nervous system, we induced ischemia in the Sprague-Dawley rat's brain by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Neurological examination showed that KBPTS reduced the time which is required for the animal after MCA occlusion to respond in terms of forelimb and hindlimb movement$. Histological examination revealed that KBPTS reduced ischemic area and edema rate and also protected neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus from ischemic damage. Thus, the present data suggest that KBPTS may play an important role in protecting neuronal cells from external noxious stimulations.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.451-457
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• 2015

The study about the five viscera's "Syndromes due to Damage" and "Disease" of 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』, with several existing information on the specificity of the five viscera, were discussed as the physiological characteristics and the pathological conjugation of the five viscera. The results were as follows. The five viscera keep Essence, Spirit, Qi, Blood, Ethereal soul, and Corporeal soul, and There inside the body and keeping in the center. Based on this, it serves to make the body to strengthen. So it can be understood in relation to meat and shells. Characteristics of the specificity of the five viscera is determined to see the eyes, nose, mouth, ears revealed the face and the body that protect the five viscera, and characteristics that in relation to the date or time or season, Also that determined in conjunction with the face color, skin condition. In 『Lingshu』, 『Nanjing』 "how do pathogen involvement in the disease of the five viscera" and "disease occurs spontaneously in the Main meridian of the five viscera " and "Syndromes due to Damage to the Five viscera" in 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』, It was discussed about the physiology and the pathology that is caused by biological activity according to the characteristics of the five viscera specificity "Outer symptoms" of "Five viscera Disease" in 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』 is the description of the characteristics of behavior and emotional characteristics of the specificity of the five viscera. Also if you use excessive functions associated with emotional that was fall in consumptive disease.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.329-343
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• 2004

최근 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 자연친화적인 제품을 사용하고자 하는 웰빙소비성향이 두드러지며 천연소재를 이용한 각종 생활용품이나 화장품의 개발도 매우 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 특히 민간에서 오랫동안 약재로 사용해 오던 식물들의 생리활성들이 피부과학적으로 입증되면서 그 식물들로부터 유효성분을 농축하거나 분리하여 화장품 등에 이용하고 있다. 또한 기능성 화장품(functional cosmetics)의 출현으로 소비자들의 인식도 높아져 피부의 생리활성을 향상시켜주는 천연원료를 첨가하여 미백(whitening), 주름개선(wrinkle improvement) 등의 효과를 나타내는 제품들도 많이 개발되어 왔다. 본고에서는 그 동안 연구되어져 온 천연물을 기능별로 분류하여 간략히 설명하고 화장품 천연원료로 개발된 fructan, Areca extract, Portulaca extract, Licorice extract, Dandelion extract, Ulmus extract, SC-glucan, Arbutin, Sophora extract 등의 피부 생리환성 등을 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.1623-1629
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• 2016

우리나라 남해안에서 많이 양식되고 있는 홍합(진주담치)은 다가 고도 불포화지방산을 비롯한 다양한 유용 물질을 함유하고 있으며 이로 인한 항산화능, 항비만능, 알코올분해 효소 촉진능 등의 생리활성이 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 홍합의 이용성 다양화를 위하여 홍합 분말을 첨가한 식빵(0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1%, 홍합/밀가루, w/w)을 직접반죽법으로 제조하여 그 특성을 분석하였다. 홍합분말이 첨가될수록 식빵의 명도는 감소하였고, 적색도와 황색도는 증가하였다. 홍합분말의 첨가는 식빵의 비용적에 크게 영향을 주지 않았지만, 항산화능(DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능)은 증가시켰다. 또한, 홍합분말의 함량이 증가할수록 알코올 탈수소효소와 아세트알데히드 탈수소효소의 활성도 증가하였다. 관능 검사에서는 홍합분말 1% 첨가 식빵이 맛, 향, 물성과 선호도에서 상대적으로 높은 점수를 얻었다. 이상의 결과는 홍합이 식빵의 경도와 강도에 큰 영향을 주지 않고 생리활성을 향상 할 수 있는 소재로 활용될 수 있음을 의미한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.441-452
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• 2020

In vivo animal models are limited in their ability to mimic the extremely complex systems of the human body, and there is increasing disquiet about the ethics of animal research. Many authorities in different geographical areas are considering implementing a ban on animal testing, including testing for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, there is a need for research into systems that can replicate the responses of laboratory animals and simulate environments similar to the human body in a laboratory. An in vitro two-dimensional cell culture model is widely used, because such a system is relatively inexpensive, easy to implement, and can gather considerable amounts of reference data. However, these models lack a real physiological extracellular environment. Recent advances in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and microfabrication techniques have facilitated the development of various 3D cell culture models. These include multicellular spheroids, organoids, and organs-on-chips, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. Organoids are organ-specific cell clusters created by aggregating cells derived from pluripotent, adult, and cancer stem cells. Patient-derived organoids can be used as models of human disease in a culture dish. Biomimetic organ chips are models that replicate the physiological and mechanical functions of human organs. Many organoids and organ-on-a-chips have been developed for drug screening and testing, so competition for patents between countries is also intensifying. We analyzed the scientific and technological trends underlying these cutting-edge models, which are developed for use as non-animal models for testing safety and efficacy at the nonclinical stages of drug development.