• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.12-14
• /
• 2022

One of the most negative social changes of the last decade is population aging which leads to 19 times more patients with Mild Cognitive Disorder(MCI). It is well established that MCI is the most important state that can prevent dementia with early diagnosis and intervention. However, the social security system for patients with dementia is not working properly due to the coronavirus pandemic and the limited human power. This article proposes design principles for dementia training programs of extended reality devices. and The findings in this study provide a guide for considering the cognitive and physical and social functions of patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.63 no.6
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 2020

Background: There is increasing concern that moderate preterm (32-33 weeks' gestation) and late preterm (34-36 weeks' gestation) birth may be associated with minor neurodevelopmental problems affecting poor school performance. Purpose: We explored the cognitive function, cognitive visual function, executive function, and behavioral problems at school age in moderate to late preterm infants. Methods: Children aged 7-10 years who were born at 32⁺⁰ to 36⁺⁶ weeks of gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from August 2006 to July 2011 at the National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital were included. We excluded children with severe neurologic impairments, congenital malformations, or chromosomal abnormalities. Neuropsychological assessments consisted of 5 neuropsychological tests and 3 questionnaires. Results: A total of 37 children (mean age, 9.1±1.2 years) participated. The mean gestational age at birth was 34.6±7.5 weeks, while the mean birth weight was 2,229.2±472.8 g. The mean full-scale intelligence quotient was 92.89±11.90; 24.3% scored between 70 and 85 (borderline intelligence functioning). An abnormal score was noted for at least one of the variables on the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnostic system for 65% of the children. Scores below borderline function for executive quotient and memory quotient were 32.4% and 24.3%, respectively. Borderline or clinically relevant internalizing problems were noted in 13.5% on the Child Behavior Check List. There were no significant associations between perinatal factors or socioeconomic status and cognitive, visual perception, executive function, or behavior outcomes. Conclusion: Moderate to late preterm infants are at risk of developing borderline intelligence functioning and attention problems at early school age. Cognitive and executive functions that are important for academic performance must be carefully monitored and continuously followed up in moderate to late preterm infants.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the model for sleep in community-dwelling older adults. The hypothetical model based on a senescent sleep model was constructed using the multiple influencing factors of sleep and associated adverse outcomes of changes in sleep in the older adults. Methods: Data were collected from 203 community-dwelling older adults living in Korea, and analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Increased age and multiple comorbidities were associated with decreased physical activities. Decreased physical activities were associated with smaller social networks, and smaller social networks were associated with higher level of loneliness. Multiple comorbidities, decreased physical activities, larger social networks, and higher level of loneliness were associated with maladaptive sleep hygiene. Decreased physical activities, higher level loneliness, and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with worse sleep quality. Smaller social networks and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with lower cognitive functions. Smaller social networks, higher loneliness, and worse sleep quality were associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the sleep improvement interventions not only with physical perspectives but psychosocial ones for older adults may improve depressive symptoms as well as sleep quality.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2022

Background: For the elderly, masticatory function is one of the most important oral functions and the masticatory ability is related to the wearing of dentures. Many older people wear dentures for their masticatory function, but a significant number of older people who use dentures have found that they feel uncomfortable when performing their daily activities, such as performing masticating functions or talking. Objects: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the forward head posture (FHP), respiratory function and thickness of masseter (MS), and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) are affected by the presence or absence of dentures in the elderly, and what kind of correlation there is between these variables. Methods: The study was conducted on 11 patients in the normal group and 13 in the denture group. The participant's cognitive ability was evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination Korean (MMSE-K), and the FHP was evaluated by measuring the craniovertebral angle (CVA). The thickness of the MS and SCM muscles were measured using ultrasound, and respiration was measured with a spirometry. As for the statistical method, the correlation of each variable was investigated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: In the normal group, there was a significant correlation between forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (p < 0.001), and in the denture group, FVC and FEV1 (p < 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (p < 0.001), CVA and Lt. MS (p = 0.012). Conclusion: CVA and Lt. MS of the denture group have a high negative correlation, it is related that the thickness of MS may be thick when the elderly wearing dentures are FHP.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.622-635
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Due to the change of demography, the ratio of senior drivers has increased and the transition to a super-aged society is expected to make more seniors drive in the future. Method: In this research, we analyzed medical characteristics of the driver's age-specific decline in body function and saw that both the function of the physical as well as mental capacities deteriorates as people age. Among them, various functions are precipitously weakened after reaching 70, implying that those over the age of 70 are classified as seniors in a medical sense. In this context, we also could identify that based on such age criteria, various safety policies for senior drivers should be developed and set up in Korea. Result: We could find a steep fall in the physical function of body after reaching 70 from the chronological change of cognitive function and judgment ability. In particular, it is revealed that the driving license institution and aptitude test for drivers over 70 should be thoroughly examined, as physical functions necessary for driving such as eyesight and hearing ability is not strong enough in many drivers over 70. Conclusion: Focusing on the physical capacity to drive, we tried to find the hazardous age bracket of senior drivers which might influence driving behaviors. Going forward, we expect this work would help to understand the policies for senior drivers and drivers' physical differences.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.67-87
• /
• 2005

Impaired sensorimotor function of the hand ipsilateral to a unilateral brain damage has been reported in a variety of motor task. however, it is still the controversial issue because of the difficulty of detection in clinical situation, patients' variability(time after onset, contralateral upper extremity severity, other cognitive functions including apraxia), and the performed various motor task. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of ipsilateral motor deficit following unilateral brain damage in three different specific tasks(hand tapping, visual tracking and coin rotation) compared with healthy age-sex matched control group using the same hand and to investigate the lateralized motor control in each hemispheric function. Findings revealed that stroke patients with unilateral brain damage experienced difficulties with rapid-simple repetitive movement, visuomotor coordination, complex sequencing movement on ipsilateral side. Also, Comparison of the left-hemispheric stroke groups and the right-hemispheric stroke groups revealed that patients with a left-hemisphere damage tended to be more variable in performing all of the three tasks. These results show that stroke patient with left hemisphere damage has more ipsilateral motor deficit, and the left hemisphere contributes to the processing of motor control that necessary for the executing actions with ipsilateral hand.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of dual-task training according to the variability of the walking environment on balance, gait, and function in patients with stroke. Methods : Twenty-five patients with stroke were randomly assigned to experimental group I (n=12) and experimental group II (n=13). Experimental group I and II performed obstacle and non-obstacle walking training, respectively, along with cognitive tasks for 21 minutes per session, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Both groups received additional general physical therapy for 30 minutes per session. The functional reach test (FRT), gait analyzer (G-Walk), and functional independence measure (FIM) were used to evaluate balance, gait and function of pre- and post-interventions, respectively, while gait cadence, gait velocity, and stride length were evaluated using a gait analyzer. Results : In the within-group comparison of FRT, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of gait cadence, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of gait velocity, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of stride length, experimental group I showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05), while experimental group II did not show significant post-intervention improvements (p>.05). In within-group comparison of FIM scores, experimental group I showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05), while experimental group II did not show significant post-intervention improvements (p>.05). There was a significant difference in the change of FIM scores pre- and post-intervention (p<.05) in the between-group comparison. Conclusion : The results of this study show that dual-task training with cognitive tasks and walking training can improve the balance, gait and function of patients with stroke, and obstacle walking training is effective for improving functions including activities of daily living compared to non-obstacle walking training.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of task oriented training on motor and cognitive function recovery in rats with induced Alzheimer's dementia. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group (n=15) and an experimental group (n=15). Training was given three times a week, for 20 minutes a session for 4 weeks. The cognitive and motor functions of the rats were evaluated by an eight arm radial maze test and ladder rung walk test. The eight arm radial maze test showed significant differences between groups according to the time of day 14 and 28 (p<.001). The difference in measured values according to the timing of the two groups was significant (p<.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the time and the group interaction (p<.001). The ladder rung walk test showed significant differences between groups according to the time of day 14 and 28 (p<.001). The difference in the measured values according to the timing of the two groups was significant (p<.001), and there was a significant difference between the time and the group interaction (p<.001). As a result, task oriented training for Alzheimer's dementia rats was found to have a positive effect on recovery of motor and cognitive function.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.143-149
• /
• 2002

Nowadays senile dementia is on the rise as consequence of serious social problem because of it is old aged society by improvement of medical service. However remedial approach is not being done because of we still don't have an infallible cure of dementia and dementia is been hard to cure. Thus it is introduced in this study to the concept of Occupational therapy, which is one of the remedies. I tried to find out which remedy is the best to cure demented elderly and which is been able to use on field. For this study, I applied a developed Occupational therapy program in actual practice. First, I chose nine demented elderly who are lived in 'David's house' located in Daejon metropolitan city, and I separated them in three groups for this study. Second, I applied each Occupational therapy to first and second group, and I did not apply any Occupational therapy to third group. The first and second group was applied the program, two times a week for an hour, for three months. The measurement of Cognitive function was practiced five times - one time before applying the Occupational therapy by MMSE-K, and three times during applying the program, and one time after ending of the program. The measurement of ADL was practiced two times - one time before applying the Occupational therapy by the Barthel ADL, and one time after one month from ending the program. Effectiveness of Occupational therapy and possibility of application of Occupational therapy program are proved because of this study shows the Occupational therapy keeps well the cognitive function and the ADL function of demented elderly, improves those functions, affects positively to the whole life. However we must develop Occupational therapy, which is proper to a trait of character, and expanded application is needed. In addition, temporary remedy must not be performed but continuous cure. This study will be complement by studying about special situation researcher cannot control something like unexpected death of demented elderly by other diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.33 no.4 s.111
• /
• pp.45-70
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to overview foreign trends in the study of the landscape ecology through new framework of landscape ecological studies and to suggest possibility and limitation of introduction of landscape ecology studies in Korea. Because of historical reasons rooted in different disciplines, landscape ecology of the present time is not unified at all. Therefore, landscape ecology should be understood in an integrative manner accommodating different views and various aspects of landscape(NOOS, GEOS, BIOS). Facing the increasing environmental problems and the goal of sustainable landscape, the principle of a holistic approach complementarity and transdisciplinarity outlined in this paper (esp. connection physical-materials and cognitive system) might help to understand the characteristics of landscapes and landscape ecology. Important steps towards this direction are the landscape survey, diagnosis, the identification of landscape functions, the development of landscape evaluation models and landscape planning system. Recently there have been a few landscape ecological researches in Korea, which tells there have been strong needs to solve practical landscape problems caused by the rapid socioeconomic growth for several decades. However, almost of this studies are focused on cognitive and visual aspects of landscapes defined boundaries of disciplines. But for more holistic approach complementarity and transdisciplinarity in landscape ecological studies, many other aspects such as the consideration of geoecological and bioecologocal variables, preperation of ecological basic data(mapping) and the development of landscape planning as a tool for practical application should be integrated into the whole landscape system.