• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.775-780
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• 2009

폐수 방류수 중에 포함될 수 있는 내분비계 장애물질의 제거를 위해 생물학적 영양소 제거 공정에 존재하는 질산화 슬러지의 효용성을 탐색하여 보았다. 질산화 슬러지에 포함된 암모니아 산화균은 ammonia monooxygenase(AMO) 활성에 의해 암모니아 산화를 유발하는데, AMO의 기질 특이성이 낮아 암모니아 산화와 동시에 다양한 화합물이 공산화된다고 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 공산화 활성이 내분비계 장애물질의 제거에 효과적인지 판단하기 위해, 질산화 슬러지, 유기물산화 슬러지, 멸균 슬러지를 각각 이용하여 3가지의 모델물질(bisphenol A(BPA), nonylphenol(NP), dibutyl phthalate(DBP))에 대한 제거 효율을 비교하였다. 질산화 슬러지에 의한 분해에서는 3가지 모델물질 모두, 배지 중에 질소원으로 아질산염보다 암모늄염을 이용했을 때의 초기 분해속도가 빠르게 나타나서 암모니아 산화 활성과 모델 물질의 분해가 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 아질산염을 공급한 질산화슬러지에서나 혹은 질산화 활성이 낮은 유기물산화 슬러지를 이용한 경우는 일정한 적응 시간이 지난 이후에 모델 물질들의 분해가 시작되었다. 이는 모델 물질을 탄소원으로 이용하는 균주의 성장 및 활성이 일정한 적응 시간 이후에 나타난 것으로 보인다. 모델 물질의 제거에 슬러지에 의한 물리적 흡착이 어느 정도 기여하는지 확인하기 위해서 멸균 슬러지를 이용한 흡착 제거를 시도하였다. 초기 투입량의 10~20% 내외가 흡착에 의해 상등액에서 제거되었는데, 이를 통해 폐수 슬러지를 이용한 BPA, NP, DBP의 제거에는 물리적 흡착보다는 생물학적 분해 기작이 더 중요한 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to confirm that regular physical exercise habit and calcium intake play a role reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseae, particularly to confrim that regular exercise is important in reducing serum lipid levels. Subjects were classified into regular exercise group(more than 3 times/wk, more than 30 min per exercise) and non-regular exercise group. A convenient frequency method was used to assess the nutritional intake of subjects. Anthropometric measurement such as bodyweight and hight, and blood pressure were measured. There was no significant difference between nonexercisers and exerciser in energy intake, calcium intake and blood lipid levels. The strength of frequency of exercise may not by adequate to modify lipid profiles in premenopausal woman with normal lipid level, Although we found no significant difference in blood lipid levels, this result does not imply there are no benefits of exercise subjects. There were no signigicant correlations between age or weight with blood lipids in regular exercise group, while there were significant positive correlations between age of weight with blood lipids in non-regular exercise group. The levels of serum cholesterol, and triglyceride, blood pressure and atherogenic index increased with age in nonexercise women, Especially, atherogenic index was lower in regular exercise group. The blood pressure in nonexercise group was significantly higher than that in regular exercise group There was a highly significant negative correlation between calcium intake and blood pressure in nonexercise women, There was a highly significant negative correlation between calcium intake and blood pressure in nonexercise women. The results suggest that increased habitual physical activity and calcium intake may have desirable effects on serum lipid levels and blood pressure in premenopausal women.(Korean J Nutrition 34(1):62-68, 2001)

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.324-334
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라의 국민들의 올림피즘에 대한 의식을 유형화하고 각 유형에 대한 특성을 살펴보는데 있다. 연구대상자로는 올림피즘에 대한 의식에 차이가 있을 수 있기 때문에 비 체육관련 일반인 18명과 엘리트 운동선수 17명 총 35명을 P-sample로 선정하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 주관성연구로 알려진 Q 방법론을 사용하였다. Q-표본은 올림피즘의 태도와 가치에 관한 문헌연구와 연구대상자의 인터뷰 및 개방형 설문지를 이용하여 34문항을 작성하였다. 자료처리는 P-표본(35명)에게 Q 분류를 하도록 한 후, QUANL PC Program을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 올림피즘에 관한 유형은 다섯 가지 유형으로 분석되었다. 첫째, 전통적 가치관, 둘째, 참가의 의미, 셋째, 경쟁과 승부, 넷째, 페어플레이, 다섯째, 윤리 의식으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to confirm that regular physical exercise habit and calcium intake play a role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly to confirm that regular exercise is important in reducing serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Subjects were classified into regular exercise group(more than 3 times/wk, more than 30 min per exercise) and non-regular exercise group. A convenient frequency method was used to assess the nutritional intake of subjects. Anthropometric measurement such as body weight and height, and blood pressure were measured. There was no significant difference between non-regular exercise group and regular exercise group in energy intake and calcium intake. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in non-regular exercise group were significantly higher than those in regular exercise group. There were no significant correlations between age or weight with blood lipids and blood pressure in regular exercise group, while there were significant positive correlations between age or weight with blood lipids and blood pressure in non-regular exercise group. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and atherogenic index increased with age in non-regular exercise women. The blood pressure in low total Ca intake/plant Ca intake ratio group was significantly higher than that in high total Ca intake/plant Ca intake ratio group. There was a highly significant positive correlation between Ca intake and HDL-cholesterol in non-regular exercise women. And, there was a highly significant negative correlation between Ca intake and blood pressure in regular exercise women. The results suggest that increased habitual physical activity and calcium intake should be recommended by way of decreasing blood lipids and blood pressure in postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 417∼425, 2001)

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.2172-2184
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• 2018

The production of isophthalic acid (IPA) from the oxidation of m-xylene (MX) by air is catalyzed by $H_3PW_{12}O_{40}$ (HPW) loaded on carbon and cobalt. We used $H_2O_2$ solution to oxidize the carbon to improve the catalytic activity of HPW@C catalyst. Experiments reveal that the best carbon sample is obtained by calcining the carbon at $700^{\circ}C$ for 4 h after being impregnated in the 3.75% $H_2O_2$ solution at $40^{\circ}C$ for 7 h. The surface characterization displays that the $H_2O_2$ modification leads to an increase in the acidic groups and a reduction in the basic groups on the carbon surface. The catalytic capability of the HPW@C catalyst depends on its surface chemical characteristics and physical property. The acidic groups play a more important part than the physical property. The MX conversion after 180 min reaction acquired by the HPW@C catalysts prepared from the activated carbon modified in the best condition is 3.81% over that obtained by the HPW@C catalysts prepared from the original carbon. The IPA produced by the former is 46.2% over that produced by the latter.

• 창의정보문화연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.107-128
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 우리나라와 홍콩, 일본에서 전시되고 있는 가상현실(VR) 기반 과학관 전시물의 현황과 특성을 연구하여 국내 VR 과학관 전시물의 개선점을 도출하였다. 이 연구를 위하여, 과학관 VR 전시물에 대한 선행 문헌을 고찰하였으며 3개국 과학관의 온라인과 오프라인 자료를 수집하고 이를 분석 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 한국의 과학관 VR 전시물은 오락적 놀이와 신체활동을 하는 것을 목표로 두는 전시물이 주를 이루고 있으며 일방향적인 관계의 전시물이 많았다. 홍콩 과학관 VR 전시물은 우주, 항공, 환경과 관련된 전시물들이 57%로 많으며 상호작용적인 쌍방향적 관계의 전시물이 많았다. 일본 과학관 VR 전시물은 환경과 에너지, 로봇과 관련된 전시물이 많았으며 상호활동적인 쌍방향적인 관계의 전시물이 많았다. 또한, VR 전시물 분류 결과로 도출된 4가지의 특성을 바탕으로 향후 가상체험 과학관 개발 및 운영을 위한 제안점과 우리나라 VR 과학관 전시물에 주는 시사점을 논의하였다.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 학교스포츠클럽활동이 중학생들에게 어떠한 의미를 지니는지를 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 구체적으로 첫째, 학교스포츠클럽활동은 어떠한 또래문화를 만들고 있는지, 둘째, 학교스포츠클럽이 학생들에게 있어 어떠한 시간이 되고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 연구방법은 심층면담과 참여관찰을 병행한 질적연구방법을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 학생들은 학교스포츠클럽활동에서 게임과 소통·휴식의 또래문화를 형성하고 있었다. 남학생은 친구들과 가끔 다투곤 하지만 그들만의 룰에 따라 스포츠게임을 진정으로 즐기고 있었다. 반면에 여학생은 스포츠게임 자체를 즐기기보다 친구들과의 관계에 집중하며 소통과 휴식을 즐기고 있었다. 둘째, 학생들은 학교스포츠클럽활동을 하나의 탈출구로서 의미를 두고 있었다. 여가시간이 부족한 학생들은 학교스포츠클럽 시간을 친구들과 함께 놀 수 있는 시간, 즉 가뭄에 단비와 같은 자유 시간으로 여기고 있었고, 성적의 압박으로부터 벗어날 수 있는 시간, 체육시간과는 차별화된 시간으로 여기고 있었다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

Complex microbial communities play an important role in the human health and co-evolved with human in the form of symbiosis. Many literatures provide new evidences that the increased prevalence of obesity cannot be attributed solely to changes in the human genome, nutritional habits, or reduction of physical activity in our daily lives. The intestinal flora was recently proposed as an environmental factor responsible for the control of body weight and energy metabolism. A number of studies suggest that the modulation of gut microbiota affects host metabolism and has an impact on energy storage and demonstrated a role for the gut microbiota in weight gain, fat increase, and insulin resistance. Variations in microbiota composition are found in obese humans and mice and the microbiota from an obese mouse confers an obese phenotype when transferred to an axenic mouse. As well, the gut microbial flora plays a role in converting nutrients into calories. Specific strategies for modifying gut microbiota may be a useful means to treat or prevent obesity. Dietary modulations of gut microbiota with a view to increasing bifidobacteria have demonstrated to reduce endotoxemia and improve metabolic diseases such as obesity. The fermentation of medicinal herbs is intended to exert a favorable influence on digestability, bioavailability and pharmacological activity of herbal extract. Therefore we also expect that the fermented herbal extracts may open up a new area to treat obesity through modulating gut microbiota.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2006

Diesel exhausted particles (DEP), a kind of fine particles with aerodynamic diameters less than $2.5{\mu}m$ (PM2.5), is of great concern to human health because they remain in atmosphere for long periods, invade an indoor air environment, and can be breathed most deeply into lung and reached the alveoli because of their small size ($0.1{\sim}0.4\;{\mu}m$ in diameter). Epidemiological and experimental studies suggested that DEP may play an active role in the increased respiratory mortality and morbidity. In addition to their physical characteristics, the chemical components including polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) are regarded as a carcinogen causing pulmonary tumors. PLD plays an important role in cell proliferation with various physiological phenomena and affects other enzymes by activating signal transduction pathway. We investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of DEP on RAW 264.7 cells focusing on the role in activation of PLD. Our results suggested DEP induced PLD activity through a specific signaling pathway involving phospholipase $A_2$, PLC, PKC and $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to analyze the muscle activities and the characteristics of muscle recruiting patterns of upper trunk for Ssirum dutguri technique using three top-ranked elite Ssirum players. The EMG technique was used to record muscle activities of both right and left sides of latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, and erector spinae. Six surface electrodes were placed on the surface of the selected muscles and one ground electrode was also attached on the back of neck(C7). One video camera was also used to record the Ssirum motion to define 4 events and 3 phases for further analysis. The raw EMG data were filtered with band pass filter (50-400 Hz) to remove artifacts and then low pass filtered (4 Hz) to find the linear envelope which resemble muscle tension curve. This filtered EMG data were normalized to MVIC for the purpose of comparion between the subjects. The results were indicated that each subject with different physical characteristics showed very different muscle activity patterns. Although Ssirum dutguri is considered as foot technique the player grasped opponent's satba(belt) with both hands when they play. Because of this reason, activities of upper trunk muscles were relatively high. However, direct comparison between upper and lower body muscles was not possible due to the lack of the data in present study. Interestingly, all threes subjects showed that erector spinae muscle activity was comparatively higher than those of latissimus dorsi and biceps brachii. This implies to reinforce back muscle as a routine of training to improve performance or to prevent back injury.