• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.143-154
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• 2024

PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to improve the understanding of the Korean Standard Functional, Disability, and Health Classification (KCF) and its ease of use in the clinical domain of the musculoskeletal system by comparing, analyzing, and linking the KCF codes with items from patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which are currently mainly used to evaluate patients with neck, shoulder, waist, and knee pain. METHODS: The items of the most widely used PROMs, the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the codes of the KCF were linked by two experts according to the linking rules. RESULTS: The concordance between the items of each of the PROMs and the KCF code linked by the two experts was NDI,86.4%86.4%, DASH 83.3%, ODI 92.0%, and WOMAC 80.7%. The NDI, DASH, and WOMAC indexes were found to comprise items corresponding to physical function, activity, and participation areas, and were linked to 22, 43, and 31 KCF codes, respectively. In addition to these two areas, the ODI included items related to environmental factors and was linked to 25 codes (duplicated codes are treated as one). CONCLUSION: This research can be used by adding the KCF code to the questions of the currently used evaluation tool. This coding can be easily applied and will contribute to the easy understanding of the KCF.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.565-575
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• 2019

This study aimed to examine the influence of physical environment, microclimate, and comfort on sustaining outdoor activities. This study has identified the main factors that influence sustaining outdoor activities as physical environment, comfort in the physical environment, microclimate and microclimate comfort. For analysis, the study conducted the investigation on pedestrian walkability during spring, summer and winter of the year 2017. The microclimate levels were also recorded at the same time. The method of logit regression analysis was used to analyze these outcomes. The result showed that the comfort and safety of the physical environment as well as the ideal climatic conditions, in terms of temperature, wind level, and solar insolation, were related to sustaining outdoor activities. Also, walking and shopping in the physical and climatic environment were the factors that were found to be more influenced than the act of remaining in a place and forming conversations.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.59-71
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• 2021

This study investigates the effects of restaurants' physical environments on customers' words of moth and return intention. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire from restaurants during summer of 2020 and received 627 useful responses. The data was analyzed using the hierarchical multiple regression. The results showed that restaurants' physical environments was statistically significant influencing factors on customers' positive word-of-mouth and return intention. Hygiene environmental variables did not moderated the relationship between restaurants' physical environments and customers' word-of-mouth whereas hygiene environmental variables did moderated the relationship between restaurants' physical environments and customers' return intention. The results of this study suggested that restaurant business owners need to maintain clean environment and to continuously educate employees to protect customers from COVID-19 spread.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.239-246
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• 2001

This paper attempts to identify the occupational stress-related factors among the workers at the manufacturing industry and to provide the basic data concerning development of stress management program focused on the manufacturing industry. The subjects exhibit significantly highest level of 'the characteristics of task and participation in decision making factor'. And the mean score of 'the avoid coping strategies' was higher than 'the control coping strategies'. The main factor that affected the occupational stress responses was 'the physio-environmental factor' and it was explained 15.6% out of the total variance of the stress responses. Also, it would be explained 29% out of the total variance of the stress responses with 'the characteristics of task/participation in decision making factor', sex, social support, and 'extra-organizational stressor'. In conclusion. For developing the stress management program in workplace, 'the physical environmental factor' and 'the characteristics of task and participation in decision making factor' should be considered. Also, It should be identified the direct and indirect paths among factors that significantly related factors to the occupational stress of workers further more.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 1977

In an attempt to evaluate working conditions and hazardous environmental factors, a survey on health problems was conducted for 721 employees from 18 industrial plants in Young Dung Po and Sung Dong districts of Seoul in the period from May 1975 to Feb, 1976. The questionnaire and survey was inclusive of all illnesses known as most common to industrial workers (according to the report by Korea Industrial Health Association) of this country and envi ronmental factors pointed out by the workers. The results were as following. 1. The over whelming majority of complaints were psychiatric, ear,eye, and digestive disorders. 2. Those whose work time is the longest have a propotionately higer incidence of complaints especially in eye,ear, neuromusculoskeletal, and neurosensory systems. 3. In females whose occupational history is relatively short, a higher incidence of digestive and skin section disorders was noted and this is especially true among those working in night shift. 4. Among machinery industry workers, most complaints were of eye, ear, and neuro musculoskeletal disturbances, and this fact seems to be closely related to physical over works. 5. Dust and noise were pointed out by the largest number of workers as undisirable conditions in work environment. 6. Distribution of complaints are closely related to the type of industry, and in comparison with the result reported by Korea Industrial Health Association in 1972, the prevalence rates of occupational disorder were similar in our study,

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2003

Oviposition and egg laying is an important physiological and behavioural event in the life cycle of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Oviposition and egg laying is dependent on a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors viz., neural, hormonal, environmental, physical, behavioral etc for the perpetuation of population. Although, the virgin female moths have fully developed embryos but active egg laying begins under the influence of mating which provides essential copulation stimulus for oviposition. After mating drastic biochemical changes occurred that incites egg laying under the influence of optimum environmental conditions. Weight of pupae as well as larval density has significant role on oviposition and egg laying behaviour in the silkworm wherein high pupal weight and inadequate rearing space affects not only the biology, morphology and physiology but also the oviposition and egg laying. Surface topography, plane of inclination, mating length, age of male moth, temperature and photoperiod etc has significant effect on reproductive physiology of silkworm. An attempt has been made in this review article to elucidate briefly the works carried out on mating behaviour, direct and indirect copulation stimulus, vitellogenesis, influence of environmental factors besides effect of weight of pupae and or pharate adult and larval density on oviposition and egg laying behavior in the silkworm, B. mori and its significance in silkworm seed production.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1279-1285
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• 2013

The contingent valuation method (CVM) was used along with a questionnaire survey and field research methods to analyze the factors affecting willingness to pay (WTP) for urban parks in Tai'an. The results indicated that roughly 50% of the residents visited the urban parks weekly. Doing physical exercises and viewing topped the list of activities. Residents of different characteristics had different WTPs for the service functions of urban parks. From the two surveys, 60.1% and 61.4% of residents would be willing to pay. The average individual WTPs were 42.2 $yuan{\cdot}a^{-1}$ and 43.1 $yuan{\cdot}a^{-1}$ in the two surveys, and the medianin dividual WTP was 20.0 $yuan{\cdot}a^{-1}$. WTP was mainly affected by satisfaction, and WTP value was mainly affected by education level and income. Other factors had some correlation, but none were significant. Finally, some useful suggestions and references were given to the government in order to enhance the urban park services proposal.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1417-1434
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• 2016

Starting from the February 2008 till the end of November 2014, abundance of phytoplankton and their composition living in the coastal waters of Kyoungju city were investigated. Environmental and biological properties were also observed at 10 different stations on a seasonal basis. Due to the environmental variables, fluctuating pattern was appeared during the entire period of observation with different degree, as compared to those found in other costal waters in the East Sea. The concentration of phosphate was turned out to be very low which was even less than threshold level in the study area. Phytoplankton community structure was dominated by diatoms (both micro- and nanoplankton fractions) for several years and seasonal succession was also relied on the diatoms. The importance of dinoflagellates in the community was relatively low. Abundance of phytoplankton was heavily affected by physical factors in the surface water, however, affected more by chemical factors including nutrients in the deep water. For periods of this study, the phosphate concentrations was observed in an extremely low, which indicates that the main limiting factor affecting phytoplankton growth could be phosphate.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1732-1741
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• 2006

Obesity is chronic disease which influenced on health severly. The causes of obesity have been known as life change, lack of excercise, genetic factor, mental and social economic factors. Especially the obesity of women increased the risk of the diseases such as DM, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and infertility. The limitations of the widely used negative definition of health as the absence of disease and WHO's 1946 definition of health as total social, psychological and physical well-being have long been recognized (WHO 1958). The Quality of Life (QoL) includes functional ability, the degree and quality of social and community interaction, psychological well-being as somatic sensation and life satisfaction. I investigated to compare the differences between obese women (n=63), non-obese women (n=37) in clinic and general women (n=43, control) on baseline characteristics and WHO QoL-BREF. The purpose of this study is to assist the diagnosis and treatment of obesity. WHO QoL-BREF is self administered type which consisted of 26 questions. The prospective question is calculated with 5 scores by Likert's method. The results are as follows : The means of physical, psychological, social, overall and total scores of QoL were significant among BMI group (P<0.05). The score of control group (BMI < 25) was higher than other groups significantly (P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, the variable of high school/below middle school was significant in environmental and overall domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of college/below middle school was significant in environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of above university/below middle school was significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score in QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (moderate/bad) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (good/bed) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, social, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable as BMI non-=obese women/control was negatively significant in social domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). Above the results, It suggests that the variable as BMI did't affect on the QoL in patients and control, but the variables as education and health perception affected on the QoL scores. Further study is required to conduct QoL differences between before and after treatment of obese patients.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

Purpose: AIn recent years, the rapid progress of aging and the increase in the elderly people with dementia is becoming a big social issue. Therefore, this paper studies the development of therapeutic environmental rating scales for the elderly people with dementia in korean nursing homes. Methods: We identify the development process and structure of TESS-NH and understand the details of its nature and features. Then, based on the detailed items, we provide major scale factors which do influence on therapeutic environmental rating scales using PCA. Results: In the results, TESS, in the case of the initial stage of TESS-NH, has an advantage to evaluate on physical environments for a short period of time. TESS-2 + sets a large rage of activities of the elderly people with dementia, and tries to evaluate ongoing cares. TESS-NH has a complete set of well-thought-out assessment features for improving quality of care (Quality of Care) On the other hand, the main factors affecting the therapeutic environmental rating scales in nursing homes are "a consideration for facility management (Care for facilities' maintenance)", "a consideration for spatial cognition (Care for spatial cognition) ", and "a consideration for the safety (Care for safety)". Implications: In the future, to develop the therapeutic environmental rating scales on Korea's dementia nursing home, we should actively consider cares of spaces and facility utilization which the residents (the elderly people with dementia) are more secure and comfortable.