• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.149-170
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• 2010

The purpose of this study to develop a human rights education program for improving human rights sensitivity of the teachers in community child center, and verify its effectiveness. For this purpose, pre-program and post-program analysis was conducted by using human rights sensitivity scale on 102 teachers working in community child center. The major results of this study is as follows: First, the teachers' human rights sensitivity was statistically improved. Second, the teachers' ability of situation perception, ability of consequence perception, and ability of consequence perception were statistically improved. Third, the teachers' human rights sensitivity on "the right not to be arrested illegally", "physical liberty of the disabled", "the right to labor by migrant workers", and "freedom from detention" was statistically improved. Based on the research results, practical implications and limitations were discussed for developing human rights education program.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.727-739
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the evaluation of nutrition and exercise education program on weight control for obese children. The subjects of this study were 28 obese children and their parents living in Geyongnam area. The weight control program consisted of exercises for children and nutrition education for both children and their parents. The BMI values of the children were significantly reduced from $27.96\;kg/m^2$ to $27.22\;kg/m^2$ after 11 weeks (p < 0.001) and to $27.65\;kg/m^2$ after one year. Dietary habits and exercise patterns were also changed positively. For the children, while the frequency of eating breakfast and appropriate chewing habits were increased, the percentages of eating in inappropriate position and the frequency of buying snacks were decreased (p < 0.001). In terms of exercise, the proportion of doing exercise more than 30 minutes, participating in physical activity classes actively, and walking rather than taking a car were significantly increased. Nutrition knowledge of both the student and parent respondents were significantly increased when measured immediately after the education and even a year after compared to their knowledge status measured before the program (p < 0.001). Both the students (82.1%) and parents (96.4%) were satisfied with the overall weight control program. Exercise therapy was chosen as the most beneficial content. Reparticipation intention was comparable between the students (28.6%) and their parents (67.9%). A year after survey results revealed that 71.4% of students controlled their weight by doing regular exercises (55.0%) and controlling overeating (45%). Parents often applied healthy cooking methods (89.3%) and low calorie menus (64.3%), which they learned from nutrition education. Most parents perceived that the weight control program was helpful for their children (89.3%) and themselves (92.9%) as well.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise on body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin. Methods : The study was conducted on 24 elderly women divided into two groups: 12 subjects in an exercise group and 12 subjects in a control group. Resistance exercise was performed for 50 minutes a day, three times a week, for the duration of 12 weeks, and body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin were measured before and after the subjects completed the program. For the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) of each variable were calculated using SPSS version 20, and a paired t-test and two-way repeated ANOVA were conducted to test for the differences before and after the resistance exercise. All significant levels were set to α=.05 as a result of the experiment. Results : Changes in body composition after the 12-week resistance exercise program did not show any significant difference based on the comparison between the groups, but when noting the values for body fat percentage and body in the control group before and after, a significant difference was shown in fat mass (p<.05). As for changes in physical fitness, significant differences appeared in flexibility, muscle strength, and stenotic force (p<.01) when the groups were compared. Regarding pre- and post-values within each group concerning flexibility within the exercise group, significant differences were shown in gender (p<.001), muscle strength (p<.05), (p<.01), muscle earth strength, equilibrium (p<.01), stenosis force, and cardiopulmonary earth force (p<.001). Also, comparisons between populations in changes in blood lipids the values before and after in each group, significant differences in glucose (p<.05) and insulin (p<.05) were shown in the exercise group. When comparing the values before and after in each population, a significant difference was shown in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : When all the results were integrated, the 12-week resistance exercise program was found to enhance physical strength (flexibility, muscle strength, and coordination) and improve the blood sugar levels of elderly women. In particular, resistance exercise is believed to lower the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic diseases by having a positive effect on insulin. Further studies are suggested to verify the effect on body composition and blood lipids by setting up a variety of exercise treatment methods (including subjects, exercise periods, exercise plans, and exercise intensity focuses).

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.83-98
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• 2001

Although periodic health examination has been one of the most common practices of preventive medicine, its effect on modification of risk behavior has been seldom assessed. Thus, this study attempted to demonstrate the influence of a health examination on modification of cardiovascular disease related health risk behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. Data of 893 adults were derived from two types of a popular and highly acclaimed health examination program. With a conceptual model constructed using Persuasive Communication variables, McNemar tests examined Source-Outcome association, hypothesizing that different health examination programs would yield different levels of behavior change in smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. No significant behavior change was found in any of the two health examination programs. Instead, previously established Receiver-Outcome relationship was reconfirmed by logistic regression modeling where gender was the most prominent predictor of all three behaviors. Men were more likely to be current smokers (OR=0.029), exercisers (OR=2.629), and obese (OR=0.237). The importance of followups after health examination is highly stressed as well as that of gender-specific health education strategies. This study recommends applying the social-ecological approaches in health examination, which emphasizes the support and collaboration at individual, family, organizations, community, and policy level to improve health. Long term and qualitative evaluation of health examination may provide more foundation for increasing the effectiveness of health education and communication in health examinations.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.162-189
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a Design Thinking-based Maker education program utilizing Arduino for middle school students. The study progress was made in four stages of preparation, development, implementation and evaluation according to the PDIE model. In this study, experts were verified for validity and pre-applied to students to improve the maker education program developed based on literature review. Then, it was applied to middle school club classes to check the effects through analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. In addition, the development of the program was completed by supplementing the improvements found in the course. The results of this study are as follows. First, the topics of the maker education program that can be used in middle schools were selected in consideration of the analysis of the 2015 revised curriculum, methods to using the Arduino, and social interest. Second, the program developed based on the selected topic consists of 4 classes of maker basic learning and 16 classes of design thinking-based maker activities. Third, the developed maker education program had a significant effect in improving STEAM literacy of middle school students, but did not have any significant effect in the interest in technology and orientation towards an engineering career. Fourth, learners were interested in the activities of designing and freely making by themselves, and they positively evaluated the experience of realizing the physical computing with Arduino. In addition, they practiced the spirit of a maker, such as autonomously collecting data and sharing them with colleagues, etc. while acting as a maker.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1241-1251
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of aerobic and complex exercise on body composition and blood lipids in the middle-aged women. Sixteen women whose ages ranged in 40 to 50 years were included in the sample of the study. The sample was divided into two groups: (a) aerobic exercise group (n = 8) and (b) combined exercise training group (n = 8). The aerobic exercise program consisted of bicycle ergometer, stepper, and treadmill, whereas; the combined exercise program was designed to improve muscular strength and aerobic capacity. Both programs took place 4 times a week for 12 weeks with the gradual increase of intensity (HRmax 60% 75% and 1 RM 60% 80%). Data were analyzed by nonparametric methods for pre-post within group mean differences (Wilcoxon signed rank test) and for between group mean differences (Wilcoxon rank sum test). Results indicated that there were statistically significant differences in BMI, body fat mass, and triglyceride within the sample of combined exercise; whereas, no significance existed in any variables within the aerobic exercise group. Results also revealed that statistical significance did exist in body fat mass between the combined and aerobic exercise group. These results implies that the combined exercise may be superior to aerobic only excercise for the body composition and blood lipid of the middle-aged women.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.318-332
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral modification of obese adults who underwent nutritional and physical activity education. Twenty obese females, aged 20-60 years old, with BMIs (Body Mass Index) >30 or body fat (%) >40 were subjected to this study. Methods: The physical activity education program consisted of doing exercise in a gymnasium together or home exercise. Dietary attitudes and dietary intakes were assessed using weight control, physical activity, and eating habits. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. Results: After the study period, there was significant improvement in physical activity and eating habits score. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the dietary intakes of fiber, iron, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin $B_6$, and niacin. Blood pressure, blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels showed a tendency to decrease, but there was no significant difference. BMI, fat mass, abdominal circumference, and visceral fat levels were significantly reduced while muscle mass significantly increased. Conclusions: This study suggests that behavioral modification by nutrition and physical activity education with feedback has positive effects on dietary intake and anthropometric biomarkers in obese adults. Therefore, lifestyle interventions of this kind could be recommended as a method for obesity management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.189-201
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• 1998

The objectives of this study are first to develop the index of school health promoting behaviors, two, to measure those, third, to analysis the relative importance of factors that effect on school health promoting behaviors. School health promotion indexes were composed of 60 components of six areas which modify the element of health promoting schools are developed by world health organization. The survey data were collected by questionnaires from June to September in 1998. The number of subjects was 294 school nurses. The SAS-PC program was used for the statistical analysis. The major results were as follows: 1. The six areas of school health promoting behaviors are: school health politics (20 components), the school physical environment (17 component), the school social environment (7 component), community relationships (6 component), personal health skills (7 component) and health services (3 component). 2. The mean of total school health promotion indexes was highest at elementary school as 3.46. The order of area was health services, the school physical environment, school health politics, the school social environment, personal health skills, community relationships. 3. The regression model used in this analysis presented significant relationships between school health promoting behaviors and independent variables. The important variable affecting the area of school physical environment was education level of school nurses. The important variable affecting the area of the school social environment and personal health services were the location of school, credential education program. Age or career also were significant variables affect the community relationships and health services. In summary, The health promoting behavior of elementary school was higher than other school. It is mean that have to perform active promoting behavior at middle school and high school. Health service level was highest among areas of school health promoting behaviors. It is mean also that school nurse teachers is interested in activity for other areas to improve of school health. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop the specific program for school health promoting behavior.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the center of pressure (COP) trajectory in healthy elderly subjects while crossing an obstacle before and after participation in Tai Chi training. Forty healthy elderly subjects participated either in a 12-week intervention of Tai Chi training or in a health education program. The participants were divided into two groups (the experimental group and the control group). Subsequently, the participants were pre- and post-tested on crossing over an obstacle from a quiet stance. Participants in the experimental group received Tai Chi training that emphasized the smooth integration of trunk rotation, a shift in weight bearing from bilateral to unilateral support and coordination and a gradual narrowing of the lower-extremity stance three times weekly. The participants in the control group attended a health education program one hour weekly and heard lectures about general information to promote health. Performance was assessed by recording the changes in the displacement of the COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions using a force platform. Participants in the Tai Chi group significantly increased the A-P and M-L displacement of the COP after Tai Chi training (p<.05). No significant differences in the A-P and the M-L displacement of the COP between pre-testing and post-testing in the control group were found. This study has shown that participation in Tai Chi exercise increased the magnitude of the A-P and M-L displacement of the COP, thereby improving the ability of healthy elderly participation to generate momentum to initiate gait. These findings support the use of Tai Chi training as an effective fall-prevention program for the elderly.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.255-259
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• 2014

Physical activity could be considered one of the factors that affect the immune system status and function. To find the relation between exercise and cytokines, we examined the possible effects of an 8-week endurance training program on the serum levels of cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) in sedentary men. A total of 30 healthy young male volunteers were randomly divided into an endurance training group and a control group. The training group followed a specific exercise protocol (running on a treadmill for 15~30 min at 50~70% maximal heart rate) for 8 weeks and the control group did not participate in any exercise program. Venous blood samples were collected from both the groups 24 h before and 24 h and 48 h after the exercise. Repeated ANOVA was used for statistical purposes. The serum levels of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-${\gamma}$ were determined by ELISA. Significant (p<0.05) and non-significant (p>0.05) decreases were observed in the serum levels of IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$, respectively, after the 8-week endurance training program. Our findings indicated that an 8-week endurance exercise may affect the serum levels of some inflammatory cytokines, suggesting the beneficial role of this training protocol in elderly population and people with certain conditions (inflammation of the vertebrae or other inflammatory diseases).