Objective: Deformation of soft tissues around the neck and scapularcan caused by forward head posture(FHP), which has an uncomfortable effect on biomechanical changes in the scapula as well as functional disorders of the shoulder. However, studies related to direct FHP, biomechanical changes in the scapulafunction, and shoulder pain and disorder have not yet been conducted. Therefore, purpose of this study is to effect of decresedthe FHP on the shoulder function of the sacpular biomechanical examine the change in the shoulder painand disorder. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: The participants were 32adults(23.03±3.90 years) recruited and redivided randomly into Forward head posture corrective exercise(FHPCE) vs Control. The FHPCE group was proceeded according to the over load principle through 2steps biofeedback exercise and corrective exercise(n=16). The control (n=16) was TENS did not operated and padding 20 minute. This study was conducted 3 times a week for 4a weeks. Results: FHPCE group is improve in the results of craneocervical angle(p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.352, 4.073). In Mechanical changes of scapula in the shoulder flexion more significant improvement in FHPCE than control group[Axis X(p<0.05), Y(p<0.01), Z(p<0.01)], and shoulder abductionmore significant improvement in FHPCE than control group[xis X(p<0.01)], as well FHPCE showed significant increased in the results in the shoulder pain(p<0.05, 95% CI: -13.244, -1.566) Conclusions: This study suggected that FHP affects the biomechanical changes of the shoulder, and a new method for shoulder pain intervention
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess changes in blood glucose level, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in elderly women aged over 65 years with hypertension and either normal glycemic control, impaired fasting glucose tolerance, or diabetes mellitus. We also wished to investigate the relationship between stages of diabetes and physical fitness. [Methods] A total of 24 elderly women with hypertension were assigned to a control group (CON; n=7), impaired fasting glucose group (IFG; n=9), and diabetes mellitus group (DM; n=8). In each group, blood glucose level, brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV), and blood pressure were measured at baseline as well as 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. Physical fitness factors such as hand grip strength, balance test, 4 m gait speed test, chair stand test, short physical performance battery, and 6-minute walking test were subsequently assessed. [Results] In all three groups, blood glucose levels were significantly increased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. In the DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly higher before and after a 75 g OGTT than in the CON group. In the CON group, PWV was significantly increased at 60 minutes after a 75 g OGTT; however, there were no changes in other groups after glucose ingestion. In the CON group, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly decreased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT compared to baseline. However, there was no change in blood pressure after ingestion in the DM group. The IFG group had greater grip strength than the CON group; however, there were no differences in other variables between the groups. [Conclusion] After a 75 g OGTT, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes maintain higher blood glucose levels compared to those with hypertension alone. Unlike elderly women with hypertension alone, those with hypertension and diabetes did not show changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure after a 75 g OGTT. Therefore, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes may not be able to control their blood vessels following a 75 g OGTT due to impaired vascular endothelial function. Moreover, there was no association between diabetes stage and physical fitness in elderly women with hypertension.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate and to verification of changes that the effect of treadmill and body weight support treadmill training on balance and gait ability for sub-acute stroke patients during 4 week. Method: 16 subjects who was diagnosed stroke were divided into 2 groups(8-treadmill training group, 8-body weight support treadmill group) by randomized control trial. Both training programs were consisted with 40 minuted, 5 times a week for 4 weeks and after training programs. Analysis: We analysed effects and changes on balance and gait ability. Analyses were performed using PASW ver. 18.0 and results were reported as mean ${\pm}$ standard deviation (S.D.). To investigate within group comparisons and to verification on effects of exercise, we did paired t test and repeated measured ANOVA test. Significance was set at p<.05. Result: Both training programs showed positive changes in Limit of Stability but significant results which is area of hemiside, area of intact side, area of posterior, total area were reported in body weight support treadmill training group. Changes of Berg Balance Scale was significantly increase and it had significant correlation between groups. Changes of 6 Minutes Walking Test was significant increase in both groups but there was no significant changes on Foot print and Romberg test. Conclusion: After considering all factors, both training programs showed effect on improvement of balance and gait ability in sub-acute stroke patients, but body weight support treadmill training group had better improvement in dynamic balance than treadmill training group. For the increase of balance and gait ability in sub-acute stroke patients, we need to continues study on difference of treadmill and body weight support treadmill and then we will give stroke patients a better satisfaction if we develop and provide a rehabilitation program for improvement of balance and gait ability.
Background: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the norepinephrine-induced nociceptive effects by monitoring catecholamines and its metabolites in human body. Methods: To exam the antisympathetic effect from the healthy volunteer(male:15, female:15) by monitoring changes of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, metanephrine, normetanephrine, and others of urine, a comparative study with warm water immersion ($40.8{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$) and infrared (250W) was carried out. Results: The urinalysis showed that the concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine were significantly decreased by both warm water immersion-and infrared-stimulated group of urine in 24 hours. Conclusion: Therefore, these results suggest that the diminished responsiveness on the epinephrine and norepinephrine to warm water immersion and infrared in volunteer may be, in part, related by the increased of antisympathetic effects.
Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
/
v.16
no.2
/
pp.59-66
/
2009
This study is purposed to find out practical problems, explore possible changes and provide qualitative development and development policies of elementary school physical education facilities and training aids. The following is concluded through three rounds of Delphi questionnaires. First, the highest possible change is predicted in that obsolete sports facilities should be replaced and various training aids be purchased. Second, gyms should be established for ensuring indoor sports space and indoor sports facilities should be expanded. Third, modernization and advancement of sports facilities and training aids should be implemented by attracting private investment. Fourth, sports facilities at schools and communities should be exchanged for free. Fifth, sports facilities in the school playground should be diversified for physical education classes by putting play ground facilities in good conditions. Sixth, it is predicted that a sound distribution system can be established for ensuring creative, strong sports facilities and training aids. A department may take full responsibility of buying sports materials and establish an alternative idea for cooperative buying.
Kim Han-Soo;Cho Hyun-Gug;Kim Sang-Soo;Bae Ju-Han;Seo Hyun-Kyu
The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
/
v.11
no.3
/
pp.115-121
/
1999
The effects of scald bum Injury ($40-45\%$ of total body surface area), there were not inhalation and secondary infection, on the histological changes and the levels of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes have been determined in liver tissue of rat models. It was found that dermal epithelium was left out with edema of dermis layer and hydorpic swelling of hepatocytes, Burn injury increased liver weight (L.W./B.W.) and serum aspartate aminotransferase content (pThe data of this study suggest that liver damage Induced by scald burn injury leads to dysbalance of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
/
v.9
no.1
/
pp.41-49
/
2011
This study purposes to conduct visual feedback and body posture control training on stroke patients with pusher syndrome in order to reduce their pusher syndrome. This study also examines changes resulting from the training and applies the guidelines necessary for documentation of patient/customer management. The participant for this study was one patient with pusher syndrome. The study progressed from a medical examination of the subject followed by evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention and treatment plan, and finally re-examination in order of precedence. Problems in the participant's functional activities, difficulties in changes from sitting postures into standing postures, and maintaining standing postures were determined as primary restrictions on activities and the improvement of these activities was set up as a goal through discussions with the patient. Interventions were mainly implemented to reduce the pusher syndrome with visual feedback provided using mirrors and exercises focusing on leaning in order to maintain posture while sitting. Changes from supine postures to sitting postures and the degree of changes in maintaining standing postures were compared between before and after the intervention by measuring times in the same environment and the degree of pusher syndrome was measured using the SCP tool. The process of this clinical practice was documented. The SCP score that indicates the degree of changes in the participant's pusher syndrome changed from 3.75 points to 0.8 point indicating a decrease in pushing. Among functional activities, posture changes from sitting postures to standing postures and maintaining standing postures were improved. In addition, since the patient could maintain standing postures, the patient could walk indoors. In this case study, mirrors and body posture control training used as interventions to relieve pusher syndromes can be easily applied in clinics to examine the form of functional recovery. The results indicated that these intervention methods were effective and thus it is thought that the results can be used as basic data to utilize these intervention methods diversely. In addition, the documentation of patient/client management was applied as actual documentation in Korean and based on the results, we could show decision making processes for patients' functional goals and objectively explain problems, prognoses and changes made through the interventions.
Park, Young-Hyun;Kim, Yong-Nam;Kim, Su-Hyon;Oh, Seok;Choi, Ji-Ho;Kim, Tae-Youl
The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
/
v.22
no.4
/
pp.15-20
/
2010
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure changes in the H-reflex and V wave under loading conditions (e.g. prone and standing position) and to investigate whether postural change would affect the H-reflex and V wave in post stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods: Thirty persons with hemiplegia resulting from stroke (20 males, 10 females) participated in this study. Electromyography (EMG) was used to electrically stimulate and record the soleus H-reflexes and V waves under various loading conditions. The normality of the distribution of each variable (H latency, $H_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio, $V_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio) was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The means of normally distributed continuous data were assessed by independent t-test (${\alpha}$=0.05). Results: There were statistically significant differences in $H_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio (p<0.01), $V_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio (p<0.01), H latency (p<0.01) among the prone and standing position. Conclusion: We found that the H-reflex and V wave in standing position was more active to weight bearing load than prone position.
This study was conducted to investigate the changes diseases of physical therapy patient. Through the analysis, of total 2,902 cases in one university hospital and one general hospital in Taegu, of which 1,619 cases for 1989 and 1,283 cases for 1981. The physical records were analyzed in terms of sex, age, pattern in PT diseases, fee, and medical department of PT. The international classification of Diseases, 9th revision was used fer the study. Major results are as follows : 1. The ratio of male me female nae 1.51 to 1 in 1989, 1.53 to 1 in 1991. The proportion of the elderly over 60 was $15.6\%$ in 1989, $22.0\%$ in 1989. And the age groups of 50-59 years ranked the first an years. 2. As to the PT patients of medical department, Orthopaedics$(50.3\%)$, Neurosurgery$(28.1\%)$. Neuromedicine$(8.0\%)$. Plastic surgery$(4.4\%)$, and Dentry$(3.2\%)$ in that order in 1989. On the other hand, Orthopaedics$(51.2\%)$, Neurosurgery$(22.1\%)$, Neuromedicine$(9.6\%)$, Plastic surgery$(6.5\%)$, and Internal medicine$(6.5\%)$ in that order in 1991. 3. No significant difference was observed by season of PT patients, but winter (December, January and February) ranked the first all years. 4. No significant difference was observed changes in diseases as for the 56 international classification of diseases of PT patients, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue occupied the largest proportion all years. Fractures increased from $21.4\%$ in 1989, $24.5\%$ in 1991. On the other hand, Diseases of the nervous system remarkably increased from $8.9\%$ in 1989, $19.7\%$ in 1991.
Kim, Dajeong;An, Hojung;Kim, Nyeonjun;Kim, Ayeon;Hong, Geurin;Kim, Soonhee
Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
/
v.11
no.3
/
pp.2119-2125
/
2020
Background: Adults with forward head posture (FHP) often suffer from thoracic hyperkyphosis and thoracic dysfunction, and including reduction of the craniovertebral angle (CV angle) and tightening of the superficial neck muscles. In order to treat thoracic dysfunction, interventions aimed at improving thoracic mobility are necessary. Objectives: To examine the effects of maitland manual mobilization therapy on the thoracic spine in adults with FHP. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty adults with FHP who met the selection criteria were randomized to the thoracic multiple joint mobilization (TMJM; n=15) group and the thoracic general joint mobilization (TGJM; n=15) group. Joint mobilizations were performed for 23 minutes a day for 4 weeks continuously, two times per week. Outcome measures were ImageJ, BTS FREE EMG 1000, neck disability Index (NDI). Results: Although changes in the left sternocleidomastoid muscle activity and NDI scores over time between the two groups differed, other variables were noted only changes observed over time. Muscle activity in the right sternocleidomastoid increased again in the TGJM group post-intervention and 2 weeks after the end of the experiment, but changes in other variables were retained or improved, confirming the lasting effects of thoracic joint mobilization. Conclusion: Thoracic multiple joint mobilization may be recommended as a more effective intervention for adults with FHP.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.