• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2021

[Purpose] To determine whether physical activity (PA), primarily the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA, is associated with gut bacterial microbiota in 10-year-old children. [Methods] The Block Physical Activity Screener, which provides minutes/day PA variables, was used to determine whether the child met the PA recommendations. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on stool samples from the children to profile the composition of their gut bacterial microbiota. Differences in alpha diversity metrics (richness, Pielou's evenness, and Faith's phylogenetic diversity) by PA were determined using linear regression, whereas beta diversity (unweighted and weighted UniFrac) relationships were assessed using PERMANOVA. Taxon relative abundance differentials were determined using DESeq2. [Results] The analytic sample included 321 children with both PA and 16S rRNA sequencing data (mean age [SD] =10.2 [0.8] years; 54.2% male; 62.9% African American), where 189 (58.9%) met the PA recommendations. After adjusting for covariates, meeting the PA recommendations as well as minutes/day PA variables were not significantly associated with gut richness, evenness, or diversity (p ≥ 0.19). However, meeting the PA recommendations (weighted UniFrac R² = 0.014, p = 0.001) was significantly associated with distinct gut bacterial composition. These compositional differences were partly characterized by increased abundance of Megamonas and Anaerovorax as well as specific Christensenellaceae_R-7_group taxa in children with higher PA. [Conclusion] Children who met the recommendations of PA had altered gut microbiota compositions. Whether this translates to a reduced risk of obesity or associated metabolic diseases is still unclear.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.828-839
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to explore relationship between physical activity (PA) behavior and self-efficacy among older Korean-Americans (OKAs) based on reviewing major theories that are used to understand PA behavior, particularly as they relate to older adults within sociocultural contexts. Methods: 151 OKAs, living in California, were recruited and interviewed once. Self-efficacy and PA level were measured by Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (K-CHAMPS) questionnaire, respectively. Results: 82.8% of OKA women and 72.4% of OKA men had relatively low ($38.8{\pm}29.3$) self-efficacy related to PA. Exercise self-efficacy was statistically significant and positively associated with frequency for moderate and greater PA (r = 0.25, p < .01), frequency for all listed PA (r = 0.21, p < .05), caloric expenditure for moderate and greater PA (r = 0.23, p < .01), and caloric expenditure for all listed PA (r = 0.31, p < .01). Conclusion: Social Cognitive Theory including self-efficacy can provide insight about how to shape strategies that encourage OKAs to adhere to regular PA because it focuses on environmental as well as personal factors. Increased efforts are needed to understand the other factors associated with being active in OKAs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2018

Objectives: To determine the relationships between physical activity (PA), the neighborhood environment support for PA, and social support for PA among Mexican-American women living in South Texas. The Enlace study was a randomized controlled trial that tested the effectiveness of a promotora-led PA intervention among low-income Mexican origin women (n=614) living in colonias. Methods: The dependent measures included accelerometer-measured average moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary breaks and the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors PA 41-item questionnaire. The independent measures included the Physical Activity and Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) and the 13-item Physical Activity Social Support (PASS) scale. Results: Enlace participants were on average 40.4 (standard deviation, 10.3) years old, born in Mexico (86.1%), and uninsured (83.1%). Adjusted linear regression results indicated that each 1-point increment in the PANES overall score was associated with 0.050 (p<0.001) unit increase in sedentary break and a -0.043 (p=0.001) unit decrease in sedentary break duration. Both PANES (${\beta}=0.296$; p=0.002) and PASS scores (${\beta}=0.076$; p<0.001) were associated with weekly average self-reported MVPA. Interaction effects were observed between PASS scores and accelerometer-measured frequency of sedentary breaks and sedentary time duration. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the relationships between PA and built environment and social support are measure-dependent and suggest that reducing sedentary time in this population may require a closer assessment of social support for PA.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation and agreement of physical activity (PA) between data obtained from wearable Actigraph devices and self-reporting questionnaires, and to investigate the relationship between psychological state (depression, anxiety, and fatigue) and PA. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using physical measurements and surveys. PA was measured through both the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Actigraph GT3X+ device. The demographic characteristics of the subjects, as well as their depression, anxiety, and fatigue scores, were collected with structured questionnaires. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman plot method were employed. Results: Data from 36 healthy adults were analyzed. The overall levels of PA measured using the IPAQ and the Actigraph were 1,891.69 MET min/week and 669.96 MET/day, respectively. Total levels of PA did not show a significant correlation between the two measurement methodologies. However, the moderate-intensity PA resulting from the IPAQ scores showed a significant positive correlation with the light-intensity PA recorded by the Actigraph. The Bland-Altman plot analysis demonstrated that the levels of PA as measured by the two different methods did not match. In addition, PA measured using the Actigraph showed a significant negative correlation with depression and anxiety whereas PA measured using the IPAQ showed a significant positive correlation with fatigue. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the data obtained from the subjective self-reporting questionnaire and the wearable Actigraph do not correlate or match in healthy adults. Future research should investigate the relationship between depression and PA intensity through the Actigraph, or other wearable devices equipped with smartphone apps.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2597-2606
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• 2014

Background: There is a scarcity of information about the proportion of the adult Saudi population that meet the recommended guidelines of physical activity (PA) to reduce cancer risk. Moreover, their awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention is unclear. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed at estimating the proportion of adult Saudis meeting the PA guidelines, specifically those recommended by American Cancer Society (ACS) for cancer prevention, and to assess the public awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention. Materials and Methods: Using a multistage sampling method, 2,127 adult Saudis of both genders were recruited from 6 urban and 4 rural primary health care centers in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Participants were personally interviewed to gather information about their sociodemographic characteristics, searching activity about PA and cancer, and the time spent in leisure time PA (moderate and vigorous)/week using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire with show cards. Finally, items about the role of PA in cancer risk reduction were inquired. Results: Of the included participants, 11.6% met the recommendations for cancer prevention (${\geq}45$ minutes of moderate-vigorous PA activity/${\geq}5$ days/week or 225 minutes/week). Multivariate regression showed that being male (AOR=1.49, CI=1.09-2.06), <20 years of age (AOR=3.11, CI=2.03-4.76), and unemployed (AOR=2.22, CI=1.57-3.18) were significant predictors for meeting PA recommendations for cancer prevention. Only 11.4% of the sample indicated correctly the frequency and duration of PA required for an average adult to be physically active and while >70% of them indicated the role of PA in prevention of hypertension, coronary heart disease and lowering elevated blood cholesterol, only 18.6% and 21.7% correctly mentioned the role of PA in reducing colon and breast cancer risk, respectively. Poor knowledge was found among those with less than college education and aged ${\geq}50$ years. The level of knowledge was significantly positively correlated with total leisure time PA of the participants. Conclusions: A minority of adult Saudis in Al Hassa was aware about the role of PA in cancer prevention and engaged in sufficient LTPA for cancer risk reduction benefits, highlighting the need for public health actions to include policies and programs that address factors deterring their participation in LTPA and increasing their awareness with remedies to manage the prevalent misconceptions.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.625-634
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 지역에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인의 신체 활동(physical activity; PA) 수준과 활동 체력(functional fitness; FF) 변인 사이의 관계를 조사하는 것이었다. 피검자(남성:1,645명; 여성:2,394명)의 PA 수준은 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였고, FF는 상·하지 근력, 민첩성 및 동적 평형성, 유연성, 유산소성 능력, 협응력, 그리고 신체 구성 등 체력 영역을 대표하는 6항목으로 측정, 평가하였다. 피검자는 신체 활동 권장기준에 따라 권장량보다 낮은 그룹(low physical activity; LPA)과 권장량 기준을 충족하는 그룹(PA)으로 나누었고, PA 그룹은 다시 강도 수준에 따라 중강도 그룹(MIPA)과 고강도 그룹(HIPA)으로 분류하였다. 권장량 수준을 충족하는 피검자는 48%였고, 이들은 모든 항목에서 LPA보다 성적이 높았다(p<.001). HIPA 그룹은 MIPA 그룹보다 민첩성 및 동적 평형성, 협응력, 그리고 하지 근력(여성)이 유의하게 높았다(p<.001). 결론적으로 지역에 거주하고 있는 노인이 활동 체력을 유지하고 개선하기 위해서는 건강을 위해 권장하고 있는 신체 활동량을 충족시켜야 하며, 특히 낙상 관련 체력을 개선하기 위해서는 강도가 높은 신체 활동을 할 필요가 있다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the current level of physical activity (PA) and to explore the relationships between self-efficacy for PA, perceived health status (PHS), attitudes toward aging, ego-integrity and PA in community-dwelling older Koreans. Methods: A total of 164 participants were recruited from community centers, churches, and senior welfare centers in Korea. With questionnaires, a survey was conducted from June 3rd to 22th, 2016. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: The mean amount of total PA was 5,295.33±6,272.38 MET/min/week. The number of subjects engaged in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity activities were 87 (53.0%), 45 (27.4%), and 32 (19.5%), respectively. Overall, physical activities were different according to the presence of spouse (t=-2.79, p=.006) and the presence of housemate (t=2.03, p=.044). The mean scores of self-efficacy for PA, PHS, attitudes towards aging, and ego-integrity were 17.16±4.45, 9.00±2.41, 68.12±9.28 and 51.62±7.59, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between overall PA and self-efficacy for PA (r=.34, p<.001), PHS (r=.23, p=.003), attitudes towards aging (r=.26, p=.001). Conclusion: Specific programs to promote physical activities in addition to continuous education for improving self-efficacy for PA, PHS, and attitudes towards aging in community-dwelling older adults are needed.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.296-306
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to measure the relationships between ecological factors and Navy personnel's physical activity (PA) based on McLeroy's Ecological model. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 184 Navy personnel working in 10 Navyships. A self-reporting questionnaire consisted of measures of intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational and community factors related to Navy personnel` s PA. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 17.0 programs. Results: Their mean PA level was $2,848.1{\pm}3,344.5$ MET-min/week, and mostly moderate level (50.5%). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that religion, working department, working type, perceived health status and community environment were significant PA correlates. Conclusion: Community environmental factors as well as intrapersonal factors were significantly associated with Navy personnel's PA, indicating that community health nurses should expand an approach for individual-level behavioral change to incorporate Navy personnel specific community environmental barriers into PA interventions.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aims to assess the relationships between individual, social and physical environmental correlates and physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in Korean children. Methods: A total of 1,134 elementary school students (512 boys, $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ graders) in Seoul participated in the survey including self-reported moderate and vigorous intensity PA and SB as well as demographic and psychological correlates. These data were matched them with school- and community-level environmental data from the government sources. The relationships of the multilevel correlates with PA and SE were analyzed using gender-specific hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Boys were more active than girls, but there was no gender difference in SB. Students with higher levels of self-efficacy were more likely to participate in moderate and vigorous PA. There were gender-specific associations between social and physical environments correlates and PA. Boys with higher levels of self-esteem and self-efficacy were less likely to involve in SB. Girls in the $6^{th}$ grade were more likely to involve in SB. Conclusions: In order to encourage PA and discourage SB in children, school- and community-level environmental support should be considered along with programs to improve self-efficacy and self-esteem.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2012

Purpose: To examine the levels of physical activity (PA) and diet quality, socio-demographic and clinical correlates, and identify associations with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among breast cancer survivors. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study design. A total of 74 breast cancer survivors who had completed their primary cancer therapy were recruited from a comprehensive cancer center in Korea. Measurements used included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Diet Quality Index, and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results: Only twenty-six women (35.1%) met the American Cancer Society criteria of weekly PA, while most participants (93.2%) displayed good or excellent diet quality. Those less likely to meet the PA criteria were older women, women who had a lower economic level, and women not receiving anti-hormone therapy. However, there was no significant factor associated with diet quality. Women who met the criteria for PA displayed significantly better global QOL than women who did not meet the criteria. No significant differences were found in HRQOL between women who did and did not meet the diet quality criteria. Conclusion: Nurses should be aware of breast cancer survivors who are older and who have a low economic status when assessing and screening the level of PA to improve HRQOL.