• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1981

옥수수개체군의 생장기간중 생산구조의 발달과 건물생산과정에 따른 인의 동태, 즉 토양으로부터 흡수준, 동화율, 회전율, 수요공급의 수지 및 이용효율의 계절적 변화를 분석하였다. 인의 흡수율(최대 2.4mgPg$^{-1}$day$^{-1}$) 및 흡수효율(0.03)은 개체군의 상대생장률과 밀접한 상관을 보였고, 생육기간중 총 동화율은 3.41gPm$^{-2}$ 로서 월 최대 동화율은 2.99mgPg$^{-2}$ month$^{-1}$ (7월)였다. 한편 개체군의 인현존량의 변화는 최대치 1.4mgPg$^{-2}$ 였고, 최대 회전율은 178%를 나타내었다. 생육기간중 개체군의 각 기관별 인의 수요량은 엽 24.4%, 경 22.5%, 근 3.5% 및 종실 49.6% 였으며, 총 인요구량의 81.8%는 토양으로부터 흡수되였고 나머지 18.2%는 개체군내의 전류에 의해 공급되였다. 옥수수개체군의 인이용지수는 최대치가 6월에 1,091이며 평균지수는 655였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1975

야산(野山)의 신개간지토양(新開墾地土壤)과 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에 있어 특(特)히 문제(問題)가 되는 인산(燐酸)의 시비량(施肥量) 결정(決定)의 한 기준(基準)인 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)의 측정방법(測定方法)을 검토(檢討)할 목적(目的)으로 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)과 광질토양(鑛質土壤)(미경지(未耕地)및 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤))에 대(對)하여 인산흡착(燐酸吸着)에 관(關)한 시험(試驗)을 행(行)하였는바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. Langmuir 흡착식(吸着式)을 이용(利用)하여 구(求)한 인산(燐酸)의 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)은 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)6.2~32.9, 미경지토양(未耕地土壤) 74.1~90.4, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤) 720~915mg.p/100g 이였다. 2. 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)는 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)에서 116~179, 미경지토양(未耕地土壤)에서 161~259, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서 1,098~1,205mg.p/l이며, 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)/Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)의 비(比)는 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)이 큰 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서 적고 (1.3~1.5) 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)이 낮은 토양(土壤)일수록 컷다. (2.2~18.7) 3. 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)의 측정(測定)은 고농도(高濃度)의 인산용액(燐酸溶液)에서 행(行)하여 지므로 이로서는 석회(石灰) 또는 인산시용(燐酸施用)에 의(依)한 흡착량(吸着量)의 변동(變動)을 명확(明確)히 추정(推定)하기 어려우나, 저농도(低濃度)에서 측정(測定)한 농도별(濃度別) 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)및 Langmuir 흡착식(吸着式)을 이용(利用)하여 구(求)한 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)으로서는 흡착량(吸着量)의 변동추정(變動推定)을 분명(分明)히 할수 있었다. 4. 치환성(置換性) 알루미늄을 중화(中和)하기 위한 당량(當量)의 수산화(水酸化)칼슘을 가(加)하여 포장용수량(圃場容水量)에서 40일간(日間) 항온($25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) 처리(處理)하므로서 치환성(置換性) 알루미늄 함량(含量)이 높은 광질토양(鑛質土壤)에서는 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)이 유의(有意)한 감소(減少)를 보였다. 5. 인산(燐酸)을 처리(處理)하여 50일간(日間) 포장용수량(圃場容水量) 상태에서 항온($25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) 처리(處理)한 토양(土壤)에 대(對)하여 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)을 측정(測定)한바 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)에 상당(相當)하는 인산(燐酸)의 시용(施用)으로 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)은 25.5 미경지토양(未耕地土壤)은 54.4%, 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)은 76.2%의 포화율(飽和率)을 나타내었다. 6. 토양(土壤)의 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)은 첨가인산(添加燐酸)의 농도(濃度)가 높아짐에 따라 곡선적(曲線的)으로 증가(增加)하여 어느 일정농도(一定濃度)에 이르면 흡착포화점(吸着飽和點)에 달(達)하며 광질토양(鑛質土壤)에서는 100mg.p/l, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서는 1,000mg.p/l의 인산용액(燐酸溶液)으로 측정(測定)되는 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)은 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)에 매우 근사(近似)한 값을 나타내므로 이를 토양(土壤)의 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)을 나타내는 새로운 지표(指標)로 삼고 포화흡착량(飽和吸着量)이라 정의(定義)하였다. 7. 단일농도(單一濃度)에서 이루어지는 포화흡착량(飽和吸着量)의 측정(測定)으로 여러 농도(濃度)에서 인산(燐酸)의 흡착량(吸着量)을 구(求)하여야 하는 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量) 측정(測定)의 번잡성(煩雜性)을 피(避)할 수 있어 이 방법(方法)은 실용적(實用的)인 방법(方法)으로 판단(判斷)되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.299-309
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• 1987

The seasonal pattern and the annual magnitude of the internal (or biochemical) and plant-soil cycles of phophorus in adjacent three different herb plant populations-Helianthus tuberosus L., Artemisia princeps Pampan and Phalaris anundinacea L.-in an old field of the basin in the Mt. Geumoh were investigated. A lot of the phosphorus demand for the three populations was supplied by the withdrawal from below-ground organ in early growing period, by the absorption from soil in mid-growing period and by the withdrawal from stem in later growing period. But in the A. princeps and P. arundianacea populations, a great deal of phosphorus seemed to be absorbed prior to the first withdrawal. The annual amount of the phosphorus flowing throughthe internal cycle was about 59% of the total hosphorus flow on theorgan level in the H. tuberosus population, 41% in the A. princeps population and 32% in the P. arundinacea population, indicating that the tuber plant had the most developed internal cycle system. The annual amount of phosphorus which took part in the plant-soil cycle in the stand of the three populations was in the range of 4.49-5.65 gPm-2, corresponding to only 3-8% of the extractable phosphorus contained in the soil of 0-20 cm depth. The fact that the H. tuberosus population is higher in the extent fo internal cycle but smaller in the magnitude of plant-soil cycle and lower in the turnover rate of phsophorus than the other two populations suggests that the growth of H. tuberosus population may be less dependent on soil phosphorus availability than those of the other two populations.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2001

Intakes and excretions of calcium and phosphorus were determined for 8 female adolescents(aged 16.3$\pm$0.5y; body mass index 20.4$\pm$1.3kg/$m^2$; body fat 33.3$\pm$2.5%; bone mineral density of lumbar spine in L2-L4; 0.96$\pm$0.08g/$\textrm{cm}^2$) when they consumed diets basal and high in calcium for 6 days each. All subjects consumed a basal Ca diet containing 800mg, Korean RDA level of the subjects, and a high Ca diet containing 1200mg, RDA plus 2 SDs of calcium intake. The diets provided 58% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 25% as fat, and 17% as protein. Food, urine, and fecal composites were collected during the last 3 days of each feeding period. Fecal excretion of calcium was significantly greater on the high Ca than on the basal Ca diet. Hence, apparent absorption rate was significantly lowered from 40.9% on the basal Ca diet to 33.1% on the high Ca diet. There was no significant difference in calcium retention between the two diet periods but it tended to be greater on the high Ca diet. However, excretions and retention of phosphorus did not show any significant difference even though intake was significantly increased from 1,253mg on the basal Ca diet to 1,583mg on the high Ca diet. The results indicate that higher calcium intake than the Korean RDA level is recommended for adolescents to meet peak bone mineral accretion and attain a desirable level of calcium retention. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 433~439, 2001)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1178-1182
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• 2008

The present study was designed to assess the influence of caeca on the availability of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and copper from soybean, sunflower, rapeseed, sesame, fish and meat cum bone meal in adult roosters. The excretion of endogenous origin minerals viz., copper, magnesium, manganese and calcium was significantly (p<0.001) higher in caecectomized than in normal roosters. The difference in the endogenous excretion was 50; 60.45; 40.35 and 29.63 per cent for copper, magnesium, manganese and calcium, respectively, in caecectomized roosters. The caeca played a pivotal role in the reabsorption of endogenous origin calcium, magnesium, manganese and copper. The mechanism of phosphorus absorption by the caecal epithelium was negligible. The caecectomized roosters underestimated the bioavailability of copper in sunflower meal and manganese in almost all the test feedstuffs. The present investigation revealed that the caeca played a critical role in the absorption of minerals from vegetable protein feedstuffs which escape digestion and absorption in the small and large intestinal segments.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제10권1_2호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1967

1. The effect of the pH value on P32 absorption of leaves of three forest trees under the water culture is investigated. 2. The degree of the P32 absorption to the pH value is quite different in each forest tree. 3. The phosphorus contents are proved higher in the leaves of Quercus accutissima(the saw shaped oak) than in the leaves of Pinus densiflora(the red pine) and Lespedeza bicolar (bush clover). 4. Larger contents of phosphorus are found in acidity plots than in alkalinity. The leaves of treated plot of the pH 4 (red pine), of the pH 5.0 (bush clover), and of the pH 5.0-6.5 (saw shaped oak) have a higher nutrient capital as indicated by P32 compared with that of the other pH values. 5. It is also noticed that P32 absorption capacity is decreased with the higher pH values. 6. The content of P of leaves shows the lowest value in the plot of the pH 6.5 (pine), of the pH 7.5(bush clover), and of the pH 9.0(saw shaped oak). It is also noticed that the red pine is to do very well in acid cultivation and then follow bush clover and saw shaped oak in the order.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.460-462
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• 2002

Absorption spectra of biological specimens in the soft X-ray region have been presented with special reference to the XANES (X-ray absorption Near Edge Structure) of constituent elements. Absorption spectrum in this wavelength region is characterized by the absorption edges from which elemental content could be derived. In addition, XANES has a characteristic profile for chemical environment around the element such as chemical bond. Using the specific absorption peak we can assign not only the chemical bond but also molecules having such a chemical bond. In the present paper, absorption spectrum of DNA was measured in the wavelength range from 1.5nm to 5nm. Spectrum of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells was compared with the DNA spectrum. XANES were distinct at the K absorption edges of major elements, C, N and O. In the spectrum of the cells prominent peaks at the L absorption edge of minor element Ca were also detectable. XANES profiles in small local areas in a cell could also be measured in combination with X-ray microscopy. These give information about local chemical environment in a cell. XANES at the phosphorus K absorption edge in a human HeLa cell was successfully obtained corresponding to a sharp and intensive XANES peak of DNA.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2016

본 연구는 무경운 재배법에 알맞은 비료종류 및 시비방법을 확립하고자 수행되었다. 주요 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 지중관수를 이용한 시비가 관행시비 처리보다 경장, 경직경 및 협수가 높았으며 각 처리구별 개화시기를 비교시 관행시비 화학비료 처리구에서 7월 28일로 개화시기가 가장 빨랐다. 성숙기 생육특징과 개화시기를 비교해보면 지중관수를 이용한 시비방법이 작물의 생장에 효과적이었다. 2. 질소 이용량은 지중관수와 관행시비 간의 효율을 비교 시 지중관수를 이용한 시비가 관행시비에 비해 질소의 흡수가 월등히 많음을 알 수 있었다. 3. 인의 흡수량은 지중관수, 관행시비 모두 가축비료 시비보다 화학비료 시비에서 많은 양의 인이 흡수되었으며, 질소가 지중관수 시에 높게 흡수되는 것과는 달리 관행시비 시에 인이 높게 흡수되었다. 4. 원자흡광분석법을 통하여 각 시비방법, 비료종류별 칼리의 흡수량을 조사한 결과 인의 흡수량과 비슷한 양상을 보였으며, 지중관수, 관행시비 처리구 모두 가축비료에서 칼리의 흡수가 이루어지지 않았다. 5. 수확 후 수량을 비교한 결과 지중관수를 이용 할 때는 가축비료와 화학비료간의 유의성은 존재하지 않지만, 관행시비를 이용한 가축비료와 화학비료 시비에는 유의차가 있는 수준에서 수량이 감소하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1897-1906
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• 2019

Objective: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) deficiency on intestinal pH value, digestive enzyme activity, morphology, nutrient utilization, and gene expression of NaPi-IIb in meat ducks from 1 to 21 d of age. Methods: A total of 525 one-d-old Cherry Valley ducklings were fed diets (with 7 pens of 15 ducklings, or 105 total ducklings, on each diet) with five levels of nPP (0.22%, 0.34%, 0.40%, 0.46%, or 0.58%) for 21 d in a completely randomized design. Five experimental diets contained a constant calcium (Ca) content of approximately 0.9%. Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed to gain ratio (F:G) were measured at 14 and 21 d of age. Ducks were sampled for duodenum and jejunum digestion and absorption function on 14 and 21 d. Nutrient utilization was assessed using 25- to 27-d-old ducks. Results: The results showed ducks fed 0.22% nPP had lower (p<0.05) growth performance and nutrient utilization and higher (p<0.05) serum Ca content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. When dietary nPP levels were increased, BW (d 14 and 21), BWG and FI (all intervals), and the serum phosphorus (P) content linearly and quadratically increased (p<0.05); and the jejunal pH value (d 14), duodenal muscle layer thickness (d 14), excreta dry matter, crude protein, energy, Ca and total P utilization linearly increased (p<0.05); however, the serum ALP activity, jejunal $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity, and duodenal NaPi-IIb mRNA level (d 21) linearly decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that ducks aged from 1 to 21 d fed diets with 0.22% nPP had poor growth performance related to poor intestinal digestion and absorption ability; but when fed diets with 0.40%, 0.46%, and 0.58% nPP, ducks presented a better growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption function.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.896-903
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• 2019

Objective: Qianbei-Pockmarked goats are affected by a disorder locally referred to as 'Ruanguzheng Disorder', which is characterized by emaciation, lameness, muscular relaxation, stiffness of the extremities, and abnormal curvatures of the long bones. Our objective was to determine the relationship between the disorder and phosphorus deficiency. Methods: Tissue samples were collected from affected and healthy animals, while soil and herbage samples were collected from affected and healthy pastures. Biochemical parameters were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer (OLYMPUS AU 640, Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Mineral contents in soil, forage, and tissue were determined using a Perkin-Elmer AAS5000 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, CT, USA). Results: The results showed that phosphorus contents in herbages from affected pastures were markedly lower than those from healthy areas (p<0.01), and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the affected herbages was 12.93:1. The phosphorus contents of wool, blood, tooth, and bone from affected animals were also markedly lower than those from healthy animals (p<0.01). Serum phosphorus values in affected animals were much lower than those in healthy animals, while serum alkaline phosphatase values from affected animals were markedly higher than those from healthy animals (p<0.01). Inorganic phosphorus values from affected animals were approximately half of that in the control group. Supplementation of disodium hydrogen phosphate prevented and cured the disorder. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Ruanguzheng disorder in Qianbei-Pockmarked goats is primarily caused by phosphorus deficiencies in herbage due to fenced pastures and natural habitat fragmentation.