• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.431-442
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• 2012

The purpose of this study, is to separate magnetic separation devices using permanent magnets by using magnetization characteristics remaining in treated water after adsorption and synthesizing phosphorus adsorbent capable of magnetic separation for efficient removal of phosphorus. The synthesis of the adsorbent which set Zirconium(Zr) having high friendly features for phosphorus as an element, and by synthesizing Iron Oxide($Fe_3O_4$, another name of $Fe_3O_4$ is magnetite) being able to grant magnetism to Zirconium Sulfate($Zr(SO_4)_2$), zirconium magnetic adsorbent(ZM) were manufactured. In order to consider the phosphorus adsorption characteristics of adsorbent ZM, batch adsorption experiment was performed, and based on the results, pH effect, adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetics, and magnetic separation have been explore. As the experiment result, adsorbent ZM showed a tendency that the adsorption number was decreased rapidly at pH 13; however, it was showed a high amount of phosphorus removal in other range and it showed the highest amount of phosphorus removal in pH 6 of neutral range. In addtion, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model is matched well, and D-R adsorption isotherm model is ranged 14.43kJ/mol indicating ion exchange mechanism. The result shown adsorption kinetics match well to the Pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorbent ZM's capablility of regenerating NaOH and $H_2SO_4$, was high selectivity on the phosphorus without impacts on the other anions. The results of applying the treated water after adsorption of phosphorus to the magnetic separation device by using permanent magnets, shows that capture of the adsorbent by the magnetization filter was perfect. And they show the possibility of utilization on the phosphorus removal in water.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2005

A series of batch type adsorption experiments were performed to remove aquatic phosphorus, where the layered double hydroxide (HTAL-CI) was used as an powdered adsorbent. It showed high adsorption capacity (T-P removal: 99.9%) in the range of pH 5.5 to 8.8 in spite of providing low adsorption characteristics (pH<4). The adsorption isotherm was approximated as a modified Langmuir type equation, where the maximum adsorption amount (50.5mg-P/g) was obtained at around 80mg-P/L of phosphorus concentration. A phosphate ion can occupy three adsorption sites with a chloride ion considering the result that 1 mol of phosphate ion adsorbed corresponded to the 3 moles of chloride ion released. Although the chloride ion at less than 1,000mg-CI/L did not significantly affect the adsorption capacity of phosphate, carbonate ion inhibited the adsorption property.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.491-496
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• 2010

This study aimed to obtain equilibrium concentration on adsorption removal of phosphorus by activated carbon, to express the adsorption characteristics following Freundlich isotherm and also, based on the value obtained, to investigate the relationship between physical properties of activated carbon and dynamics of phosphorus removal by obtaining rate constant and effective pore diffusivity. The results summarized from this study are as follows. Phosphorus adsorption equilibrium reaching time of powdered activated carbon was reduced as the dosage of activated carbon increases, while granular activated carbon despite increased dosage did not have influence on adsorption equilibrium reaching times of phosphorus as well, taking more than 10 hours. It was also noted that powdered activated carbon showed better adsorption ability than granular activated carbon. The value of constant (f) of Freundlich isotherm of powered activated carbon on phosphorus was 4.26 which is bigger than those of granular activated carbon. The adsorption rate constant on phosphorus of powered activated carbon with low effective diameter and iodine number was highest as $8.888hr^{-1}$ and the effective pore diffusivity ($D_e$) was lowest as $2.45{\times}10^{-5}cm^2/hr$, and the value of phosphorus adsorption rate constant of granular activated carbon was $0.174{\sim}0.372hr^{-1}$, It was revealed that, with the same amount of dosage, the adsorptive power of activated carbon with lower effective diameter was better and its rate constant was also high.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2014

Magnetite was chosen as a typical adsorbent to study its phosphate adsorption capacity in water body with low concentration of phosphorus (below $2mg\;PL^{-1}$). Magnetite was collected from Luoyang City, Henan Province, China. In this research, three factors have been studied to describe the adsorption of phosphate on magnetite, which was solution concentration (concentration ranging from 0.1 to $2.5mg\;PL^{-1}$), suspension pH (1 to 13) and temperature (ranging from $10^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$). In addition, the modified samples had been characterized with XRD and FE-SEM image. The results show that iron ions contains in magnetite were the main factors of phosphorus removal. The behavior of phosphorus adsorption to substrates could be fitted to both Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption equations in the low concentration phosphorus water. The theoretical saturated adsorption quantity of magnetite is 0.158 mg/g. pH has great influence on the phosphorus removal of magnetite ore by adsorption. And pH of 3 can receive the best results. While temperature has little effect on it. Magnetite was greatly effective for phosphorus removal in the column experiments, which is a more practical reflection of phosphorous removal combing the adsorption isotherm model and the breakthrough curves. According to the analysis of heavy metals release, the release of heavy metals was very low, they didn't produce the secondary pollution. The mechanism of uptake phosphate is in virtue of chemisorption between phosphate and ferric ion released by magnetite oxidation. The combined investigation of the magnetite showed that it was better substrate for water body with low concentration of phosphorus.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2010

Eutrophication caused by the excessive supply of phosphorus to water has been considered as one of the most important environmental problems. In this study, the titanium mesostrcture, which was prepared with the template of different surfactant, was tested to confirm the applicability as an adsorbent for phosphorus removal and evaluate the phosphorus removal efficiency. X-ray diffraction analysis, phosphorus adsorption istotherm and kinetic test were performed for the titanium mesostructure, synthesized at various base material/surfactant molar ratio and with different surfactant templates. From the results, we found that mesostructure was synthesized at the base material/surfactant molar ratio of 1/0.25 was most uniformly and clearly formed and thus the adsorption capacity was also maximized.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1975

야산(野山)의 신개간지토양(新開墾地土壤)과 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에 있어 특(特)히 문제(問題)가 되는 인산(燐酸)의 시비량(施肥量) 결정(決定)의 한 기준(基準)인 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)의 측정방법(測定方法)을 검토(檢討)할 목적(目的)으로 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)과 광질토양(鑛質土壤)(미경지(未耕地)및 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤))에 대(對)하여 인산흡착(燐酸吸着)에 관(關)한 시험(試驗)을 행(行)하였는바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. Langmuir 흡착식(吸着式)을 이용(利用)하여 구(求)한 인산(燐酸)의 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)은 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)6.2~32.9, 미경지토양(未耕地土壤) 74.1~90.4, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤) 720~915mg.p/100g 이였다. 2. 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)는 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)에서 116~179, 미경지토양(未耕地土壤)에서 161~259, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서 1,098~1,205mg.p/l이며, 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)/Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)의 비(比)는 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)이 큰 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서 적고 (1.3~1.5) 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)이 낮은 토양(土壤)일수록 컷다. (2.2~18.7) 3. 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)의 측정(測定)은 고농도(高濃度)의 인산용액(燐酸溶液)에서 행(行)하여 지므로 이로서는 석회(石灰) 또는 인산시용(燐酸施用)에 의(依)한 흡착량(吸着量)의 변동(變動)을 명확(明確)히 추정(推定)하기 어려우나, 저농도(低濃度)에서 측정(測定)한 농도별(濃度別) 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)및 Langmuir 흡착식(吸着式)을 이용(利用)하여 구(求)한 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)으로서는 흡착량(吸着量)의 변동추정(變動推定)을 분명(分明)히 할수 있었다. 4. 치환성(置換性) 알루미늄을 중화(中和)하기 위한 당량(當量)의 수산화(水酸化)칼슘을 가(加)하여 포장용수량(圃場容水量)에서 40일간(日間) 항온($25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) 처리(處理)하므로서 치환성(置換性) 알루미늄 함량(含量)이 높은 광질토양(鑛質土壤)에서는 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)이 유의(有意)한 감소(減少)를 보였다. 5. 인산(燐酸)을 처리(處理)하여 50일간(日間) 포장용수량(圃場容水量) 상태에서 항온($25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) 처리(處理)한 토양(土壤)에 대(對)하여 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)을 측정(測定)한바 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)에 상당(相當)하는 인산(燐酸)의 시용(施用)으로 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)은 25.5 미경지토양(未耕地土壤)은 54.4%, 기경지토양(旣耕地土壤)은 76.2%의 포화율(飽和率)을 나타내었다. 6. 토양(土壤)의 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)은 첨가인산(添加燐酸)의 농도(濃度)가 높아짐에 따라 곡선적(曲線的)으로 증가(增加)하여 어느 일정농도(一定濃度)에 이르면 흡착포화점(吸着飽和點)에 달(達)하며 광질토양(鑛質土壤)에서는 100mg.p/l, 화산회토양(火山灰土壤)에서는 1,000mg.p/l의 인산용액(燐酸溶液)으로 측정(測定)되는 인산흡착량(燐酸吸着量)은 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量)에 매우 근사(近似)한 값을 나타내므로 이를 토양(土壤)의 인산흡착력(燐酸吸着力)을 나타내는 새로운 지표(指標)로 삼고 포화흡착량(飽和吸着量)이라 정의(定義)하였다. 7. 단일농도(單一濃度)에서 이루어지는 포화흡착량(飽和吸着量)의 측정(測定)으로 여러 농도(濃度)에서 인산(燐酸)의 흡착량(吸着量)을 구(求)하여야 하는 Langmuir 최대흡착량(最大吸着量) 측정(測定)의 번잡성(煩雜性)을 피(避)할 수 있어 이 방법(方法)은 실용적(實用的)인 방법(方法)으로 판단(判斷)되었다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2020

The study objective was to evaluate the enhanced removal of high concentrations of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater (solely phosphorus-containing) and real wastewater (pig manure) by using carbon nanotube (CNT)-coated steel slag. Generally, phosphorus removal by steel slag is attributed to Ca²⁺ eluted from the slag. However, in this study, CNT was used to control the excess release of Ca²⁺ from steel slag and increase the phosphorus removal. The phosphorus removal rate by the uncoated steel slag was lower than that of the CNT-coated steel slag, even though the Ca²⁺ concentrations were higher in the solution containing the uncoated steel slag. Therefore, the phosphorus removal could be attributed to both precipitation with Ca²⁺ eluted from steel slag in aqueous solution and adsorption onto the surface of the CNT-coated steel slag. Furthermore, the protons released from the CNT surface by exchanging with divalent cations acted to reduce the pH increase of the solution, which is attributed to the OH^- eluted from the steel slag. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics of the CNT-coated steel slags followed the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the uncoated and CNT-coated steel slags was 6.127 and 9.268 mg P g^-1 slag, respectively. In addition, phosphorus from pig manure was more effectively removed by the CNT-coated steel slag than by the uncoated slag. Over 24 hours, the PO₄-P removal in pig manure was 12.3% higher by the CNT-coated slag. This CNT-coated steel slag can be used to remove both phosphorus and metals and has potential applications in high phosphorus-containing wastewater like pig manure.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.425-434
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• 1994

After two highly weathered soils were treated with glucose, ammonium nitrate, monobasic potassium phosphate and biocides, and incubated for 4 or 6 weeks, adsorption tests were carried out to determine their effect on P adsorption. Glucose addition generally decreased P adsorption. The addition stimulated microbial activity, which might contribure to the reduced adsorption, probably through chelation and anion competition. Consistent endency was not observed with N treatment. Addition of P initially decreased P adsorption, probably through blockage of adsorption sites. Biocides generally decreased adsorption, probably because the microbes that 몬 been killed. Soil 1 with naturally lower levels of C and higher levels of aluminium adsorbed more P than soil 2. These results suggest that in highly weathered soils, which are low in available P and high in exchangeable Al, cultivation techniques which increase soil organic matter will also result in higher levels of plant-available P.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.26-30
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• 1999

폐주물사 재이용 방안으로 하수처리시 폐주물사를 여재로써 이용하여 인제거에 적용하고져 하였다. 용액의 pH를 2, 6, 11로 조정하여 인제거 실험한 결과 pH2에서 가장 우수한 제거율을 나타내었으며 폐주물산 100g 으로 반응시켰을 경우 2시간의 반응에서 99.9% 이상의 인제거율은 나타내었다. 또한 Langmuir 등온 흡착 모델에 적용한 결과 ${\Gamma}=0.0005{\theta}$/(1+2.4987 $\theta$)의 등온흡착식을 얻었으며 연속식 실험에서 파괴농도를 8mg/l로 하였을 경우 폐주물사의 파과시산은 25hrs으로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2002

In this study the effects of initial pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and sediment depth on the release of phosphorus from sediment in Lake Sihwa were investigated. No phosphorus release occurred at $10^{\circ}C$ for all pH values. DO concentrations were decreased and equilibrium was obtained 4-8 days after phosphorus release started. The DO concentrations were less than 1 mg/L. Sediment depth had little effect on phosphorus release rate. In order to control the released phosphorus, raw sludge and chalk were used. Results showed that a portion of phosphorus was removed by adsorption to chalk and raw sludge. About 90 % phosphorus removal was observed using sludge and calcinated chalk from the water sample in Lake Sihwa.