• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2023

Phosphorus (P) is a macro mineral needed for bone mineralization and cell membrane structure and P is also involved in several fundamental pathways of metabolism in the body. Because of the low concentration and digestibility of P in plant ingredients that are the main components of diets for poultry and pigs, feed phosphates are usually included in diets in addition to the P contributed by plant ingredients. The most widely used feed phosphates in poultry and swine diets are dicalcium phosphate (DCP) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP), but tricalcium phosphate (TCP), monosodium phosphate (MSP), and magnesium phosphate (MgP) may be used as well. Because feed phosphates are mostly produced from rock phosphate, feed phosphates have impurities that contain minerals other than P. Concentrations of P in feed phosphates range from 14.8% (MgP) to 25.7% (MSP). The standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in pigs ranges from 71% (TCP) to 95% (MSP). The STTD of Ca and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of P and Ca in feed phosphates fed to pigs and poultry have been determined only in a few experiments. Available data indicate that the STTD of Ca and SID of P in MCP are greater than in DCP in both poultry and pigs, but the SID of Ca is similar between DCP and MCP fed to broilers. Information on mineral concentrations and digestibility values in feed phosphates is needed in diet formulation for pigs and poultry, but if diets are formulated to contain equal concentrations of digestible P and Ca, it is unlikely that animal performance will be impacted by the source of feed phosphates used in the diet.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.136-141
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• 1997

The biodegradabilities of surfactants were measured for six kinds of shampoos in domestic market at present, and the phosphates and heavymetals are analyzed. Analysis results show that though they all come up to KS(Korean Industrial Standards), samples containing plenty of AOS and synthetic SLES have the lower biodegradability than the others. We knew the fact that thease smples are petroleum surfactants have the lower biodegradability than surfactants extracted naturally. All of them the contents of phosphates and heavymetals are excellent for limitation of the cosmetic standards.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1962

A Study on the Treatment of Canine Demodicidosis with Low Toxic Organ Phosphates In this experiment, the treatment of canine demodicidosis with Dipterex(50$\%$ Diethyl trichlorohydroxethyl phosphanate), a kind of low toxic organic phosphates, h

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition of varied levels of NaCI and phosphates to the breast meat of spent layers(2 \pm 0.2 kg), which were stabilized for over 24 h before slaughter, on the protein extractability, thiobarbituric acid(TBA) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN). Within 1 h after slaughter, breast meat was removed and treated with NaCI(0, 1, 2, 3%) and phosphates(0.25% and 0.5%) using a hot-salted method. The breast meat samples were stored at 4\pm$1^{\circ}C$ for 3 d. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Soluble protein contents of salt-treated groups were significantly higher than that of control (P<0.05) and showed a positive relationship with the levels of salt. At a constant level of NaCI, the soluble protein content was proportionately elevated by the levels of phosphates (P<0.05). It decreased significantly in both control and salt-treated groups during storage (P<0.05). 2. TBA values of salt-treated groups were significantly higher than that of control(P<0.05) and showed a positive relationship with the levels of salt. At a constant level of NaCI, TBA values in 0.5% phosphates treatment groups were significantly lower than that in 0.25%(P<0.05). It increased significantly in both control and salt-treated groups during storage(P<0.05). 3. VBN values of salt-treated groups were significantly lower than that of control(P<0.05) They increased significantly by the salt treatment for the first day of storage(P<0.05), but not from the second day of storage. VBN values in both control and salt-treated groups were significantly increased during storage(P<0.05). After the first day of storage and at the same level of NaCI, no significant difference in VBN value was observed between the two levels of phosphates.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2000

Silicon, titanium, zirconium phosphates were synthesized by starting with appropriate chemical precursors in a solution. The synthetic procedure, chemical and physical structures were examined by FT-IR, liquid and solid state NMR, TGA, SEM, XRD, etc. The phosphates were examined for thermal and electrical properties. Advantages of the synthesis technique and the data on unique structures and thermal properties are reported.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1999년도 제29회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.189-194
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• 1999

The antiwear performance of several organic phosphates ,such as tricrecylphosphate(TCP), tributylphosphate(TBP), diphenylhydrogenphosphate(DPHP) ,dissolved in polyol ester based oils is studied. These organic phosphates are well known for antiwear additive for lubricating oil that produce reacted surface protective film. These antiwear additives can drastically reduce wear with their concentration increasing, because the amount of additive adsorbed on metal sur(ace increases. But in the higher concentration region, the wear is increased by excessive and corrosive reaction of the metal surface with these additives. That is to say, there is an optimum concentration for minimum wear. The optimum concentration was different with the kinds of base oils and additives. Different polyolesters showed different optimum concentrations of the additive. The order of optimum concentration among the polyolesters was different with different phosphates. The order of the optimum concentration is shown that the effect of the concentration of additives on the antiwear performance. It can be explained by the interaction between additives and base oils using the solubility parameter.

• 약학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1977

The effect of condensates of phosphates on the preservative activity of the food additives, using eight micro-organisms, has been studied by the agar dilution method. It was found that condensates of phosphates increased the food preserving action of almost all of preservatives and they acted as a synergist for the action of almost all of preservatives. Disodium dihydrogen prrophosphate acted as the strongest synergist in the experiment. But sodium tripolyphosphate anhydrous, sodium poly-phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate acted as a inhibitor for action of some preservatives on some orgnisms. The preservatives were sodium dehydroacetate (DHA), potassium sorbate and NaNO$_{2}$ etc. The action of sodium meta-phosphate on the preservatives produced a mean difference by their origins. It was supposed that such a difference was produced by the difference of amount of impurities that were contained in sodium metaphosphate, It was also supposed that the does of the preservatives could be reduced by addition of condensates of phosphates, acting as a synergist for the action of almost all of the preservatives.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1994

네 종의 서로 다른 인산염을 견정련 보조제로 사용한 경우에 있어서, 정련용수 중 금속이온의 봉쇄, 정련용액의 pH 변화, 그리고 연감효과에 대하여 검토하고 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 칼슘경도성분에 대한 봉쇄효과는 TSPP와 SPD가 높은 봉쇄효과를 나타내었으며, SPM과 SHP는 비교적 낮은 봉쇄효과를 보였다. 2. 철성분에 대한 봉쇄효과는 SHP와 TSPP가 우수한 봉쇄능력이 있었다. 3. 4종의 인산염 중 TSPP와 pH값이 가장 높지만 비누에 비해서는 낮다. 4. 정련속의 pH값은 인산염의 종류에 따라 많은 차이가 있었으나 pH값이 클수록 정련효과가 크게 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2019년도 정기학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.134-134
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• 2019

Utilization of organic waste as a renewable energy source is promising for sustainability and mitigation of climate change. Pyrolysis converts organic waste to gas, oil, and biochar by incomplete biomass combustion. Biochar is widely used as a soil conditioner and adsorbent. Biochar adsorbs/desorbs metals and ions depending on the soil environment and condition to act as a nutrient buffer in soils. Biochar is also regarded as a carbon storage by fixation of organic carbon. Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are strictly controlled in many wastewater treatment plants because it causes eutrophication in water bodies. P and N is removed by biological and chemical methods in wastewater treatment plants and transferred to sludge for disposal. On the other hand, P is an irreplaceable essential element for all living organisms and its resource (phosphate rock) is estimated about 100 years of economical mining. Therefore, P and N recovery from waste and wastewater is a critical issue for sustainable human society. For the purpose, intensive researches have been carried out to remove and recover P and N from waste and wastewater. Previous studies have shown that biochars can adsorb and desorbed phosphates implying that biochars could be a complementary fertilizer. However, most of the conventional biochar have limited capacity to adsorb phosphates and nitrate. Recent studies have focused on biochar impregnated with metal salts to improve phosphates and nitrate adsorption by synthesizing biochars with novel structures and surface properties. Metal salts and metal oxides have been used for the surface modification of biochars. If P removal is the only concern, P adsorption kinetics and capacity are the only important factors. If both of P and N removal and the application of recovery are concerned, however, P and N desorption characteristics and bioavailability are also critical factors to be considered. Most of the researches on impregnated biochars have focused on P removal efficiency and kinetics. In this study, coffee waste is thermally treated to produce biochar and it was impregnated with Mg/Al to enhance phosphates and nitrate adsorption/desorption and P bioavailability to increase its value as a fertilizer. Kinetics of phosphates and nitrate adsorption/desorption and bioavailability analysis were carried out to estimate its potential as a P and N removal adsorbent in wasewater and a fertilizer in soil.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.676-682
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• 2006

친환경형 미생물제제의 난용성 인산염 가용화능의 향상을 위하여 Staphylococcus sp. LJ2로부터 분리된 ldh gene을 Klebsiella sp. DA71-1에 도입하였고, 이를 DA71-1/pLYJ라고 명명하였다. 배지에 glucose를 3% 첨가했을 때 다른 탄소원을 첨가했을 때보다 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주의 난용성 인산염 가용화능이 월등히 우수하였다. 각기 다른 난용성 인산염 tri-calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, 그리고 aluminium phosphate에 대하여 그 가용화능이 DA71-1 균주보다 적게는 1.2배, 많게는 2.3배 이상 향상된 결과를 보였다. 그리고 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주는 DA71-1 균주에 비해 배양 온도에 비교적 관계없이 높은 인산가용화능을 나타낸 것이 특징적이었고, 배양초기 pH가 5.0일 때 그 능력이 가장 뛰어났다. 이러한 모든 결과들을 종합해볼 때 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주는 여러면에서 DA71-1 균주보다 난용성 인산염 가용화능이 월등히 뛰어나며 따라서 효율적이고 친환경적인 미생물제제의 개발에 큰 역할을 할 수 있는 발판을 마련했다 할 수 있다.