• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative permanent hair coloring agents on the dyeability and the damage of human hair. p-phenylenediamine and toluene-2.5-diamine sulfate were used as a hair coloring agent precursers. The degree of dyeability was checked by the change of CIELAB $L^*$ value according to dyeing time. And the damage of hair was evaluated by the tensile strength and morphological change of hair in SEM. When the hair was dyed, the CIELAB $L^*$ value was decreased with dyeing time regardless of the type of precursers. But when the hair was dyed after nutritional treatment, the CIELAB $L^*$ value showed lower level. This means that the nutritional treatment covers the scale of hair and protects the hair from the chemicals.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.429-433
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• 1991

The photoinduced electron transfer reactions of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) in various polar solvents were studied by measuring time-resolved fluorescence. The temperature dependence on the fluorescence decay rate in acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol and buthanol was carried out to obtain the activation energy and Arrehnius factor for the photoinduced electron transfer reaction. It was found that as the dielectric constant of the solvent increases, the activation energy and the reaction rate increase. This implys that the Arrehnius factor is important in controlling the photoinduced electron transfer reaction rate. In water, TMPD exists in three forms (cationic, protonated and neutral forms) due to the high dielectric constant and strong proton donating power of water. The photoinduced electron transfer reaction was found to be very fast (< 50 ps) and also the long liverd component in the fluorescence decay profile attributable to the photoexcited protonated form of TMPD was observed. Probably, the reaction pathway and the reaction coordinate seem to be different depending on the solvents studied here.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.667-678
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• 2021

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were first oxidized (O-CNTs) to introduce carboxylic group and then further functionalized (F-CNTs) with m-phenylenediamine, which was confirmed by FTIR and SEM. It was used as an effective adsorbent for the adsorptive removal of diclofenac drug from water. Under optimum conditions of pH 6, stirring speed 600 rpm, the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 532 mg g^-1 which is superior to the values reported in literature. The adsorption was quite rapid as 25 mg L^-1 drug solution was adsorbed in only 3 minutes of contact time with 10 mg of adsorbent dose. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were studied using various models to evaluate the adsorption process. The results showed that the data best fit in kinetics pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, the oxidized and functionalized MWCNTs were applied on gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus using agar disc diffusion assay to validate their anti-microbial activity. Results were unique as both oxidized and functionalized MWCNTs were equally active against both E. coli and S. aureus. The newly synthesized F-CNTs have great potential in water treatment, with their dual action of removing drug and pathogens from water, makes it potential applicant to save environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1010-1015
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• 2006

p-Pheylenediamimine (PPD) is one of hair dye's ingredients, and the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide is generally used to dye hair at beauty shop. This study is conducted to investigate the effect of oxidized PPD on rat skin. 6% hydrogen peroxide, PPD (5% PPD in 2% $NH_4OH$) or the mixture (isovolumed mixture of 5% PPD and 6% hydrogen peroxide in 2% $NH_4OH$) was applied to rat skin ($25\;mg/16.5\;cm^2$) five times every other day. The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) was more increased in the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group than PPD applied group. Furthermore, the activity of glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group showed higher decreasing rate than that of PPD applied group. In histopathological findings, the mixed PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group showed more thickening of epithelium, increased numbers of dermal fibroblasts, and the dilatation of dermal capillaries than PPD applied group. The significant increasing of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was determined in mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group compared with PPD applied group. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were more significantly decreased in mixed PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied groups than in PPD applied group. In conclusion, topical application with the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide compared with PPD application resulted in imbalance with ROS generating and scavenging which probably led to severe skin injury.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1992

2-Substituted benzimdazoles were prepared by reacting o-phenylenediamine with acid chlorides, which has advantages over the known synthetic procedures. The compounds prepared showed no significant antiinflammatory activity, thus are of no interest as antiinflammatory agents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.304-307
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• 2011

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.1628-1630
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.79-79
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• 2010

In this work a PMTA(poly m-phenylene terephthal amide) polymer was synthesized by using new solvent to produce film composite. This Film composite membrane based on PMTA were prepared with 1,3-phenylenediamine(MPD), terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) and Co-solvent (NMP with added $CaCl_2$) was adopted for synthesize PMTA polymer. A series of synthetic experiments were done, aimed to find the optimum condition of polymerization.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.377-380
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• 2015

In this paper, we have investigated the optimization of $I_2$ recovery process from $NH_4I$ solution, which is generated as by-product during the amination reaction of p-diiodobenzene (PDIB) for p-phenylenediamine (PPD) synthesis. The recovered $I_2$ is then recycled as a raw material for PDIB synthesis. We have employed a cation exchange resin to recover $I_2$ from $NH_4I$ sample solution, and determined the breakthrough point and exchange capacity from the breakthrough curve. Furthermore, we have suggested optimum conditions of our $I_2$ recovery process by measuring the purity and yield of recovered $I_2$ with respect to the concentrations of $NH_4I$ and oxidant ($H_2O_2$) solutions, the oxidation time, and the temperature of drying process. Finally, the yield and purity as high as 94.96% and 96.65%, respectively were obtained by reusing the residual solution still containing unrecovered iodide ions.