• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 1997

Studies were conducted to investigate the incidense of insect pests in transplanted and direct seeded paddy fields in southern region of Korea. Population dencities of the rice green leafhopper (RGLH: Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler) and rice leaffolder (RLF: Cnaphalocroch medinalh Guenee) were higher in machine transplanted than in direct seeded, but the brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stal) and smaller brown planthopper (SBPH: Laodelphax striatellus Fallen) were abundant in direct seeded. However, no significant difference was found between machine transplanted and direct seeded fields in the incidense of rice stem borer (RSB: Chilo suppressalis Walker), whiteback planthopper (WBPH: Sogatella furcifera Horvath), and rice stem magot (RSM: C'hlorops oryzae Matsumura). Occurrence of rice key pests were affected more by transplanting time than other cultural practices. Later transplanting induced higher populations of BPH, WBPH, SBPH, RGLH. However, RSB and RLF caused higher damage in earlier transplanted paddy field.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 1996

These studies were carried out to investigate the occurrence of rice insect pests related to different transplanting times and N-P-K-fertilizer levels of paddy field in Southern region of Korea. The population densities of brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stal), whitebacked planthopper (WBPH: Sogatella furcifera Horvath), small brown planthopper (SBPH: Laodelphax striatellus Fallen), green rice leafhopper (GRLH: Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler), rice stem maggot (RSM: Chlorops oryzae Matsumura), striped rice borer (SRB: Chilo suppressalis Walker), and rice leaffolder (RLF: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee) were affected more by transplanting time than the fertilizer levels. The later transplanting time induced the higher population densities of BPH, WBPH, SBPH, GRLH, RSM, whereas SRB and RLF were affected by earlier transplanting time in paddy field. The major pests except GRLH and SRB were increasingly induced by higher N-fertilizer level in the late transplanting.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.993-1003
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• 2021

It is known that the effect of traditional agricultural techniques of burning farmland such as paddy fields and fields gradually declines and affects both the fauna and flora of the rice paddy as well as pests. Therefore, in this study, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of burning rice paddy fields and rice paddy fields levee on the control effect of winter pests inhabiting agricultural land and the amount of pests generated and damaged during the growing season. As a result of this study, the pest control effect of incineration reduces not only the density of pests, but also beneficial insects (natural enemies) and non-reptiles. It is judged that burning has a very low insect control effect. It is expected to be used as basic data to create a sustainable agricultural environment, such as minimizing various negative effects such as pest control effects, wildfires, and air pollution caused by incineration, and suppressing unnecessary incineration and fine dust generation.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.88-95
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• 2003

Five amide alkaloids were isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum. The structures were determined as : pellitorin (I), quineensine (II), pipercide (III), retrofractamide A (IV), and piperine (V) respectively on the basis of spectrosopic data.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.959-979
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• 2024

Rice pest identification is essential in modern agriculture for the health of rice crops. As global rice consumption rises, yields and quality must be maintained. Various methodologies were employed to identify pests, encompassing sensor-based technologies, deep learning, and remote sensing models. Visual inspection by professionals and farmers remains essential, but integrating technology such as satellites, IoT-based sensors, and drones enhances efficiency and accuracy. A computer vision system processes images to detect pests automatically. It gives real-time data for proactive and targeted pest management. With this motive in mind, this research provides a novel farmland fertility algorithm with a deep learning-based automated rice pest detection and classification (FFADL-ARPDC) technique. The FFADL-ARPDC approach classifies rice pests from rice plant images. Before processing, FFADL-ARPDC removes noise and enhances contrast using bilateral filtering (BF). Additionally, rice crop images are processed using the NASNetLarge deep learning architecture to extract image features. The FFA is used for hyperparameter tweaking to optimise the model performance of the NASNetLarge, which aids in enhancing classification performance. Using an Elman recurrent neural network (ERNN), the model accurately categorises 14 types of pests. The FFADL-ARPDC approach is thoroughly evaluated using a benchmark dataset available in the public repository. With an accuracy of 97.58, the FFADL-ARPDC model exceeds existing pest detection methods.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2024

Harmful pet insects, if not controlled, can negatively affect people, plants and their surrounding environment. In Vietnam, all crops are regularly impacted by pest insects. In serious cases, crops can be totally destroyed by insect pests. Harmful insects that damage crops often grow fast and increase rapidly. Therefore, research on insects is crucial for managing pests, protecting crops, and forecasting pest situation in the following years. This study aimed to collect data regarding changes of pests on rice and corn as two main crops in four provinces in Red River Delta of Vietnam, including Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, and Hung Yen, from 2018 to 2022. Primary data were collected from reports of government agencies and official statistics. Based on these data, this study evaluated changes of pest insects in five years, discussed reasons for such changes and response methods, and forecasted pest's behavior in the following years. Significant findings of this study include the fact that Vietnam has to face many difficulties to develop its agricultural sector. For insect management, an essential action is to do ground surveys to gather all related data including weather data, pesticide data, crop yield, and product quality. This information is meaningful for finding out causes of changes, understanding relationships between insects and surrounding factors, and predicting the situation in the following years.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

Pest monitoring through field surveys and surveillance helps in forecasting the population build up of pest. It reduces the load of pesticides application and forms the basis of Integrated Pest Management in sericulture. Common sampling techniques for quantifying pest populations and damage caused by them are reviewed emphasizing the need for quick and simple sampling methods. Various direct and indirect sampling methods for establishing pest populations are discussed and methods have been discussed to use indirect sampling method under IPM programme in sericulture. The use of pheromone lures and traps forms one of the important ingredients of integrated pest management, which calls for integration of all available methods in a cost effective and environmental friendly manner offering consistent efficacy. Silk-worms feed on the variety of silk host plants and spin cocoons. Each silk host plant is attacked in the field by number of insect pest species. Several pests are common to mulberry, tasar, oak tasar, muga and eri host plant but pest status and seasonal abundance differs from each crop. The key pests are serious perennially occurring persistent species which cause considerable yield loss every year on large areas and require control measure. Regular occurrence of minor pest is noticed but sudden increase in its population is not known. The occasional pests are sporadic but potential causing sufficient damage. Silk losses due to attack of all the pests have not been calculated. However, information on pest biology and ecology, and control practices being practiced is available but the period of outbreak of major pests and predators on silkworms and its host plant needs to be reinvestigated. Pest and predators forecasting based on surveillance information may provide an opportunity to minimize the losses, particularly to reduce expenditure involved in pest management.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2011

Twenty-five species of pests had occurred at orchards of Japanese Apricot, Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc., in Hadong and Jinju (Gyeongsangnam-do province) from 2005 to 2007. Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki), Singapora shinshana M., Tetranychus viennensis Zacher, and Synanthedon hector B. occurred as major pests and Anthonomus persicae sp. nov., Grapholita molesta (Busk), Spodoptera litura F., and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) as a sporadic pests. The population of S. shinshana had increased continuously during the season, from late April to late October. The population of T. viennensis occurred early May, reached the highest peak in late June to early July, and then declined with worsening consequences of nutritional conditions in the apricot leaves. A. persicae was observed to occur before breaking flower-bud of apricot and emerged adults were found in April to early May.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 2014

Turfgrass insect pests were investigated in different turf sod production areas of Korea. Twelve insect pest species of 7 families in 6 orders and one Eriophyidae mite, Aceria zoysiae were collected from turf sod production areas. The zoysiagrass mite was most frequently occurred zoysiagrass sod production areas. Damaged rate by zoysiagrass mite was increased from May to September. Noctuidae (Spodoptera depravata, Agrotis ipsilon and A. segetum) and Pyralidae (Crambus sp.) insect pests in Lepidoptera were attracted in A. ipsilon sex pheromone trap. Eggs and larva of A. ipsilon was the highest occurred August. Zoysiagrass mite and A. ipsilon were main insect pests in turf sod production areas in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2000

In nature, plant diseases, insects and parasites (hereafter called as "pest") must be co-survived. The most common expression of co-survival of a host crop to the pest can be tolerance. With tolerance, chemical uses can be minimized and it protects environment and sustains host productivity and the minimum pest survival. Tolerance can be applicable in all living organisms including crop plants, lifestocks and even human beings. Tolerant system controls pest about 90 to 95% (this pest control system often be called as horizontal or partial resistance), while the use of chemicals or selection of high resistance controls pest 100% (the most expression of this control system is vertical resistance or true resistance). Controlling or eliminating the pests by either chemicals or vertical resistance create new problems in nature and destroy the co-survial balance of pest and host. Controlling pests through tolerance can only permit co-survive of pests and hosts. Tolerance is durable and environmentally-friend. Crop cultivars based on tolerance system are different from those developed by genetically modified organism (GMO) system. The former stabilizes genetic balance of a pest and a host crop in nature while the latter destabilizes the genetic balance due to 100% control. For three decades, the author has implemented the tolerance system in breeding maize cultivars against various pests in both tropical and temperate environments. Parasitic weed Striga species known as the greatest biological problem in agriculture has even been controlled through this system. The final effect of the tolerance can be an integrated genetic pest management (IGPM) without any chemical uses and it makes co-survival of pests in nature.in nature.