• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2000

In nature, plant diseases, insects and parasites (hereafter called as "pest") must be co-survived. The most common expression of co-survival of a host crop to the pest can be tolerance. With tolerance, chemical uses can be minimized and it protects environment and sustains host productivity and the minimum pest survival. Tolerance can be applicable in all living organisms including crop plants, lifestocks and even human beings. Tolerant system controls pest about 90 to 95% (this pest control system often be called as horizontal or partial resistance), while the use of chemicals or selection of high resistance controls pest 100% (the most expression of this control system is vertical resistance or true resistance). Controlling or eliminating the pests by either chemicals or vertical resistance create new problems in nature and destroy the co-survial balance of pest and host. Controlling pests through tolerance can only permit co-survive of pests and hosts. Tolerance is durable and environmentally-friend. Crop cultivars based on tolerance system are different from those developed by genetically modified organism (GMO) system. The former stabilizes genetic balance of a pest and a host crop in nature while the latter destabilizes the genetic balance due to 100% control. For three decades, the author has implemented the tolerance system in breeding maize cultivars against various pests in both tropical and temperate environments. Parasitic weed Striga species known as the greatest biological problem in agriculture has even been controlled through this system. The final effect of the tolerance can be an integrated genetic pest management (IGPM) without any chemical uses and it makes co-survival of pests in nature.in nature.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제9권10호
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2019

4차 산업의 혁명과 관련하여 드론을 활용한 스마트 농업 시스템 구축이 요구된다. 농민의 방제 작업을 지원하고 효율을 높여주므로 농업의 고령화를 해결하는 역할로 급부상하고 있다. 그러나 운용적인 측면에서 드론의 효율성이 떨어지고 드론 활용에 대한 운영자와 소비자의 인식차이로 인하여 필요성이 감소되고 있다. 특히, 운영 기준 및 살포 효과에 대한 정확한 기준이 없어 소비자 측면에서 신뢰도가 감소하는 부분으로 작용하였다. 결국 드론 활용에 대한 분석의 연구가 희박하고 드론 방제사의 조종 실력에 따라 방제 효율의 편차가 크게 발생하여 방제 분야에서 드론의 보급을 저해하는 요소로 작용한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 기존에 운영되고 있는 드론 방제사의 운영 시스템을 확인하고 이를 보완하기 위해 시중에 판매되고 있는 방제 드론을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였고, 스마트운영모드를 기준으로 기체의 특성을 정확하게 파악하여 작업 일정 및 약량을 산출하기 위한 기초연구를 통해 소비자 요구에 맞는 농업용 방제 드론 운영시스템 구축을 위한 기초연구를 제안한다.

• 현장농수산연구지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2021

한국농수산대학 재학생 및 졸업생 151명을 대상으로 병해충 관리 현황을 조사하기 위해 설문조사를 수행하였다. 설문 내용은 기본문항과 병해충 관리 문항으로 구성되어 있다. 기본문항에는 응답자의 연령, 학적상태, 재배작물, 재배면적등을 포함하고 있으며, 병해충 관리 문항에는 병해충 방제 방법, 농약 선택 근거, 병해충 예찰 방법 등을 포함하고 있다. 기본문항의 응답을 요약하면 전체 응답자 중에서 20대 응답자가 91.2%로 가장 높았고, 응답자의 재배 면적은 3헥터 이상이 34.5%로 가장 높은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 병해충 관리 문항의 응답을 요약하면 병해충 관리 방식에서는 화학적 방제법이 66%로 가장 높은 비중을 차지하였다. 농약 선택 근거에서는 본인 스스로 기존의 방제 기술을 토대로 결정(30%)하거나 농약 판매상(29%)의 결정을 따랐다. 병해충 예찰 방법은 농촌진흥청 소속기관(29%)과 국가농작물병해충관리시스템(27%)을 활용하는 것으로 나타났다. 농약 판매상의 병해충 진단과 농약 처방에 대한 질문에 응답자의 97%가 보통 이상의 신뢰도를 보였으나 강한 신뢰도를 선택한 경우는 전혀 없었다. 병해충 진단 및 농약 처방을 위한 전문인력 양성 필요성에 대해서는 응답자의 79%가 높은 필요성이 있는 것으로 응답하였는데, 특히, 응답자의 47%는 매우 강한 필요성이 있다고 응답하였다. 이러한 결과는, 병해충 진단과 농약 처방을 위한 정교한 기술을 지닌 병해충 관리를 위한 전문인력이 농업 현장에 필요함을 의미한다. 농민의 시각에서 조사한 설문 결과는 병해충 관리 현황을 이해하고 향후 발전 방향을 제시하는 데 중요한 정보를 제공해 줄 것이다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2016

One major constraint in the development and implementation of a successful and cost-effective area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programme with a SIT component for Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the ability to produce a large number of high quality mass-reared individuals. The aim of this study was to develop a more efficient and practical egg collection system in an attempt to improve the mass-rearing of this species. The following basic parameters were examined: egg production per female, egg hatch, pupal recovery, pupal weight, adult emergence and percentage of fliers. Three different strains (Israel wild-type, France wild-type, and Greece laboratory) were tested and each strain was evaluated for six generations. Female flies of the Israel strain produced significantly more eggs per female than the other two strains, but egg hatch was significantly lower. Egg hatch of the France wild type and the Greece laboratory strain was similar. For all other parameters, there was no significant difference between strains; however, there was a significant generational effect for all parameters observed. As a result of this study, a protocol was developed for the mass-rearing of this species that included the use of large adult holding cages that could house up to 96,000 flies per cage. The newly developed method of egg collection using a flat wax panel as one of the sides of an adult holding cage proved to be cost-effective, efficient, making colony growth easier for industrial mass-rearing.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we propose a layer structure of a pest image classifier model using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) and background removal image processing algorithm for improving classification accuracy in order to build a smart monitoring system for pine wilt pest control. In this study, we have constructed and trained a CNN classifier model by collecting image data of pine wilt pest mediators, and experimented to verify the classification accuracy of the model and the effect of the proposed classification algorithm. Experimental results showed that the proposed method successfully detected and preprocessed the region of the object accurately for all the test images, resulting in showing classification accuracy of about 98.91%. This study shows that the layer structure of the proposed CNN classifier model classified the targeted pest image effectively in various environments. In the field test using the Smart Trap for capturing the pine wilt pest mediators, the proposed classification algorithm is effective in the real environment, showing a classification accuracy of 88.25%, which is improved by about 8.12% according to whether the image cropping preprocessing is performed. Ultimately, we will proceed with procedures to apply the techniques and verify the functionality to field tests on various sites.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.609-625
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to suggest implications of pest management system for agrarian improvement institute. We analyzed the informations about the pest management by listening to opinion of farmers and researchers including Rural Development Administration (RDA) and it's affliated organization. In result, They evaluated that the agriculture development institutes very well progressed pest management researches in principle. However, some chronic bottleneck problems still existed such as pesticides resistant pests, lack of effective control methods. For designing proper direction, these problems should be considerated preferently.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.301-309
• /
• 2009

The use of bioactive materials derived from microorganisms and plants has played a role in pest management in environmentally-friendly agriculture (EFA) system. In Korea, a number of agricultural agents for the control of insect pests have been registered officially as biopesticides and marketed widely. However, most of the biopesticides has a limitation in the resource availability of bioactive materials, which has been one of main problems related to the commercialization of agricultural agents. Plant materials and microbial metabolites are the best sources as starting components to commercialize natural-occurring agricultural agents for pest management. The lack of modernized system for the standardization and quality control of the starting materials, however, has also received as a main problem related to the commercialization of agricultural agents. Considered that EFA business has kept growing bigger and bigger with global economic status, the commercialization of agricultural agents is necessary to meet the required number of agricultural agents officially available in EFA. This study describes the status and future prospects of pest control agents in EFA. A number of main issues hindered in the commercialization of agricultural agents are discussed in order to present a promising approach to successful commercialization.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.205-240
• /
• 1992

In reality, it is a green revolution of the entire agricultural matrix in Korea that integrated pest control plays an important role in the possible breakthrough in rice self-sufficiency. In paddy agroecosystem as man-modified environment, rice is newly established every year by transplantation under diverse water regimes which affect a microclimate. Standing water benefits rice by regulating the microclimate, but it favors the multiplication of certain pets through the amelioration of the microclimate. Further, the introduction of high yielding varieties with the changing of cultural practices results in changing occurrence pattern of certain pests. In general, japonica type varieties lack genes resistant to most of the important pests and insect-borne virus diseases, whereas indica type possesses more genes conferring varietal resistance. Thus, this differences among indica type, form the background of different approaches to pest management. The changes in rice cultivation such as double cropping, growing high-yielding varieties requiring heavy fertilization, earlier transplanting, intensvie-spacing transplanting, and intensive pesticide use as a consequence of the adoption of improves rice production technology, have intensified the pest problems rather than reduced them. The cultivation of resistant varieties are highly effective to the pest, their long term stability is threathened because of the development of new biotypes which can detroy these varieties. So far, three biotypes of N. lugens are reported in Korea. Since each resistant variety is expected to maintain several years the sequential release of another new variety with a different gene at intervals is practised as a gene rotation program. Another approach, breeding multilines that have more than two genes for resistance in a variety are successfully demonstrated. The average annual rice losses during the last 15 years of 1977-’91 are 9.3% due to insect pests without chemical control undertaken, wehreas there is a average 2.4% despite farmers’insecticide application at the same period. In other words, the average annual losses are prvented by 6.9% when chemical control is properly employed. However, the continuous use of a same group of insecticides is followed by the development of pest resistance. Resistant development of C. suppressalis, L. striatellus and N. cincticeps is observed to organophosphorous insecticides by the mid-1960s, and to carbamates by the early 1970s in various parts of the country. Thus, it is apparent that a scheduled chemical control for rice production systems becomes uneconomical and that a reduction in energy input without impairing the rice yield, is necessarily improved through the implementation of integrated pest management systems. Nationwide pest forecasting system conducted by the government organization is a unique network of investigation for purpose of making pest control timely in terms of economic thresholds. A wise plant protection is expected to establish pest management systems in appropriate integration of resistant varieties, biological agents, cultural practices and other measures in harmony with minimizing use of chemical applications as a last weapon relying on economic thresholds.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2021

최근 4차 산업에 대한 관심으로 농업 분야의 벼농사에서 농민의 방제에 대한 요구수준이 증가하고 농업용 방제 드론의 관심과 활용이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 고농도의 농약을 살포하는 농업용 방제 드론 제품의 다양화와 드론 국가자격증 취득으로 인한 방제사의 증가로 인하여 드론 산업 분야에서 농업 분야가 급성장하고 있다. 세부 사업으로 농약 관리, 방제사 관리, 정밀살포, 방제 작업 물량 분류, 정산, 토양관리, 병충해 예찰 및 감시 등으로 방대한 빅데이터를 구축하고 데이터를 처리하기 위한 효과적인 플랫폼을 요구하고 있다. 그러나 데이터 분석알고리즘, 영상 분석 알고리즘, 생육 관리 알고리즘, AI 알고리즘 등 이를 통합하고 빅데이터를 처리하기 위한 모델과 프로그램 개발에 대한 국내외 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 농업 분야에서의 관리자와 농민 요구도를 만족하고 드론을 활용한 농업용 드론방제 프로세서를 기반으로 정밀 AI 방제를 실현화시키기 위하여 온라인 드론 방제 관리 정보 플랫폼을 제안하고 실증 실험을 통하여 종합 관리 시스템 개발의 토대를 제시하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.569-576
• /
• 2023

농업용 드론은 경제적 효율성으로 인해 활용도가 점차 증가하고 있으며, 비행을 담당하는 본체와 약제를 방제 대상까지 전달하는 임무를 담당하는 분무 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 따라서 드론을 활용한 농약 방제 작업 시 농작물에 대한 환경과 특성이 고려되어야 하며, 이에 따른 체계화된 비행 고도, 속도 및 분사 시간 등 조건이 달라져야 한다. 농업용 드론을 이용한 방제 작업은 조종자의 운용에 의존하고 있으며, 운용 숙련도에 따라 살포 효과 및 영향에 차이가 발생한다. 또한 농업용 드론에 관해 운용 기준 및 방제 효율 등의 편차가 발생하여 방제 작업 분야에서 농업용 방제 드론의 보급을 저해하는 요소로 작용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 농업용 드론의 살포 특성을 파악하여 유효 살포 시간 및 간격을 적용하고, 선행 연구와 비교하여 방제면적 산출이 가능한 체계를 실험적으로 검증하려 한다. 이러한 실험적 검증을 통해 농업용 드론에 운용 방식 및 체계화된 수치를 적용하여, 방제 작업의 저해요인을 최소화하여 최적의 방제 공정을 적용하고자 한다.