• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.365-391
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• 2007

As a previous study to investigate recognition gap of creativity between Korea and America, this study has examined Korean university students' implicit creativity toward Korea and America. The research method using in this study was as follows: The subject were university students in Korea, and they were asked to answer multiply for open-ended questions. For the analysis of the answers, a frequency analysis was used. The results were as follows: 1) It showed that Korean university students considered creativity trait as cognitive trait, personality, cultural trait, research and development areas and arts areas. This result means that Korean university students tend to recognize creativity similarly to the ways of established theories of creativity. 2) For the case of Korea, environmental trait like sociocultural background had great importance for all cases of creativity trait and non-creativity trait. 3) American creativity was recognized focused on individual tendency, on the while, community spirit was considered as creativity trait in Korean creativity. 4) It is considered that American culture had better condition for displaying creativity than Korean culture. 5) Traditional culture of Korea was recognized as creativity trait in terms of originality and superiority, and the possibility of modernistic use of Korean culture. 6) Creative people were ranked by artists, executives, rulers and scientists who were well-known to Korean university students. 7) In the comparison of creativity trait between the two countries revealed the traits of creative people, American creativity was reflected more than Korean creativity, This result seems that those people were favored by Korean university students who were familiar with American culture. In conclusion, this study has found another possibility of creativity of the East among cross-cultural creativity studies. Moreover, this study has suggested that traditional culture and tradition renewal, and values of the East are superior cultural resources which are not exist in the West, and those are expected to play a role in developing creativity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

Recreation forests are in the spotlight as the place for personality development, mind and body comfort, companionship, and environment education in forests and valleys. Visitors to recreation forests have been on the increase along with booming in recreation forest building since 1988. Recreation forests are being categorized according to some features such as regional and environmental condition. Recreation forests, however, have not met the expectations of some visitors who want to take a rest with calmness due to the influence of the 5-day-work-week system, increasing interest in rest, leisure, and well-being, and users converge during weekends, summer, and the tourist season. In order to improve visitors' satisfaction efficiently, this study surveyed the level of satisfaction in each cluster based on the precedent study which had classified 85 national or public recreation forests in Korea into clusters. Questionnaires were distributed properly to each cluster and, of the 1,132 questionnaires collected, 1,015 were valid and used for analysis. Reliability of questionnaires and statistical validity of the model were verified. As a result, there are meaningful differences in the ranking of independent variables which affect the level of satisfaction according to clusters. Variables in rest and fatigue recovery have the strongest influence on the level of satisfaction in the clusters of potential factor, internal activation factor, and mixed potential capacity factor. In the use performance and visiting condition factor cluster, appropriateness of visit cost is most influential and, in the education cluster, connectivity with tourist attractions around it is most affective. These results can provide priority in services and maintenance of recreation forests for improving the level of satisfaction and differentiate the distribution of resources according to clusters.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.39
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• pp.451-472
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• 2015

Lian Huan Hua(連環畵) has occurred in the history of China Cartoon was initially developed as a unique literary style of Chinese painting and narrative combined. Also Lian Huan Hua are also tend to form once the fusion 1920s was also a very creative fashion cartoon style. This is also referred to as chain cartoon. In 1950-1960, China 's Lian Huan Hua also mature a 'golden age' legal group reaches to indicate the unique formal features developed independently. This work is a dramatic expression of Lian Huan Hua narrative, shows a more realistic representation techniques and art forms such as portraiture is a very big breakthrough was achieved artistic maturity of the work increased significantly. by He You Zhi(賀友直) and by Hau San Chuan(華三川) is a masterpiece of artistry and maturity in the period leading side. Chapter 2 looked at the origin and development of Chinese Lian Huan Hua, it was seen by the fact that China achieved new progress in Lian Huan Hua upset every time the combination of content and form, In addition, the work of 1950-1960 in the development process of China's Lian Huan Hua confirmed the fact that they won the biggest achievement in artistry and maturity surface. Therefore, Chapter 3 how 'golden age' masterpiece of and the dramatic narrative of expression by analyzing a specific angle in the multifaceted image of the , realistic portraiture, such as the acquisition of Chinese concrete artistry Lian Huan Hua I want to show. Analysis of the figures depicting nature, landscape screens. consisted of highlights and background and techniques of utilization, production methods. The purpose of this research work is to identify two conditions of great Lian Huan Hua through analysis of concrete work and painting techniques such as framing and directing the Lian Huan Hua's artistic achievements is to investigate the influence of China in the early comics. These two works are focused on a realistic view of life and put out was to create a more effective representation of information it attempts to pass a new production techniques and will have the significance. Also completed was a new style absorbed throughout the aesthetic advantages are compelling own personality writers of Eastern and Western paintings are remarkable in that its performance. But the difference in the two works represent all types and painting techniques has a the mood of common China's lives.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2015

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Postconcussional Syndrome Questionnaire(KPCSQ) which was originally developed in 1992 by Lees-Haley. Methods:Patients with traumatic brain injury were recruited from April 2009 to December 2011 from the Korean University Ansan Hospital. We selected patients that met the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria of postconcussional syndrome and organic mental disorder including organic mood disorder, organic emotionally labile disorder, organic anxiety disorder and organic personality disorder. The KPCSQ, Trait and State Anxiety Inventory(STAI-I, II), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CESD) were administered to all subjects. Factor analysis of the items were performed and test-retest correlation were evaluated. Internal consistency of the KPCSQ and its subscales was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. External validity of the KPCSQ were examined by correlation coefficient with the STAI-I, II, and CESD. Results:The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total PCSQ was 0.956. The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.845. The PCSQ showed significant correlation with STAI-I, II and CESD. The factor analysis of the PCSQ yielded 4 factors model. Factor 1 represented 'affective and cognitive symptoms', factor 2 represented 'somatic symptoms', factor 3 represented 'infrequent symptoms' and factor 4 represented 'exaggeration or inattentive response'. There was no significant difference between the PCS group and the organic mental disorder group in the score on each measure. The scores on KPCSQ and its subscales in the subjects that had scored 5 or more in 'exaggeration or inattentive response' are significantly higher than those in the subjects had scored 4 in 'exaggeration or inattentive response'. Conclusions:This study suggests that the Korean version of PCSQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing psychiatric symptomatology of patients with traumatic brain injury. Further investigations with greater numbers of subjects are necessary to assess the clinical usefulness of the KPCSQ.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

The Korean girl group "Kara" has suffered the trilemma of its de facto failure to debut, the crisis of team breakup, and the CEO crisis of the agency. But the group has made an outstanding achievement in the history of Korean pop music after overcoming all odds. Their success strategy has never been disclosed by insiders involved in Kara's total music projects. This study has been carried out in the analysis of the strategy to provide academic implications and to honor the contribution of the late CEO Ho-yeon Lee and Kara's key member Ha-ra Gu. Therefore, between Nov. and Dec. 2020, we conducted in-depth interviews with managers, composers, stylists and Ha-ra Gu(Only in 2019, before her death) who took part in the project. The research model is set up by combining Porter's Competitive Advantage Strategy and the music value chain model into categories of "Product Innovation Differentiation (PD)" (producing, album production, performance activities) and "Marketing Differentiation (MD)" (market targeting, image specialization, promotion and communication). The analysis showed that the PD focused on complete rediscovered harmonization and revalued members' personality and sincerity with peppy songs and dainty dances as well as emission of "bright energy" which caused healing effects instead of mimicking other star singers recklessly. In terms of MD, they selected Japan's 10-20s as their main market, increasing intimacy with fans and media with the image of cute+pretty+classy+sexy. The result suggests that Poter's differentiation can function as a meaningful strategy frame in the fostering, hit, and revival of idol groups. In addition, it reaffirmed that spontaneous and passionate activities of early-stage or celebrity fan may serve as a valid catalyst for realizing differentiation, as Kara's caller of Japanese actor Gekidan Hitori caused a strong "priming effect" that drove Kara's unexpected wonderful success in Japan.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical utility of the internalization and externalization higher-order scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form (MMPI-A-RF), compared with those scales of the Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Methods : 43 adolescents with internalizing disorders and 44 adolescents with externalizing disorders and their parents were administered the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL each. To verify the difference between the internalization and externalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL for each group, independent-sample t test was performed. To compare the agreement between the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL, correlation analysis was also conducted. Lastly, to identify which scales significantly best predict each of the internalizing and externalizing disorder, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results : Internalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL were significantly higher in the internalizing disorder group, and the externalization scales were significantly higher in the externalizing disorder group. The positive correlation was significant only for internalization problems between the two evaluation measures in both groups (each r=0.360, p<0.05, r=0.572, p<0.05). In addition, the scales significantly predicted internalizing and externalizing disorders were the internalization and externalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF, followed by the externalization scale of the K-CBCL (R²=0.407, p<0.05). Conclusions : The internalization and externalization higher-order scales of the MMPI-A-RF were found to reliably reflect the characteristics of each disorder in adolescents and be useful evaluative scales to differentiate disorders. Moreover, if adolescents show externalization problems, additional information from the K-CBCL can be more useful to differentiate disorders.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.861-869
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• 2015

One of the domesticated species; the dog has been selectively bred for various aims by human. The dog has many breeds, which are artificially selected for specific behaviors and morphologies. Dogs contribute their life to human as working dogs for guide, rescue, detection or etc. Working dogs requires good personality, such as gentleness, robustness and patience for performing their special duty. Many studies have concentrated on finding genetic marker for selecting the high-quality working dog. In this study, we confirmed quantitative expression patterns of eight genes (ABAT; 4-Aminobutyrate Aminotransferase, PLCB1; Phospholipase C, Beta 1, SLC10A4; Solute Carrier Family 10, Member 4, WNT1; Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family, Member 1, BARX2; BarH-Like Homeobox 2, NEUROD6; Neuronal Differentiation 6, SEPT9; Septin 9 and TBR1; T-Box, Brain, 1) among brains tissues from four dog breeds (Beagle, Sapsaree, Shepherd and Jindo), because these genes were expressed and have functions in brain mostly. Specially, BARX2, SEPT9, SLC10A4, TBR1 and WNT1 genes were highly expressed in Beagle and Jindo, and Sapsaree and German Shepherd were vice versa. The biological significance of total genes was estimated by database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID) to determine a different gene ontology (GO) class. In these analyses, we suppose to these eight genes could provide influential information for brain development, and intelligence of organisms. Taken together, these results could provide clues to discover biomarker related to functional traits in brain, and beneficial for selecting superior working dogs.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2015

To date, contents' usability of most multimedia devices has been focused on developer not on user, which made difficult in solving the problems or fulfilling the needs while people using real system. Although user-centered UX and UI researches have been studied and have resulted in innovation in some part, it does not show great effect on usability as it is not easy to interpret human emotions and needs and to apply those to system. Usability is the matter on how deeply smart devices can interpret and analyze human mind not on how much functions and technologies are improved. This study aims to help with usability improvement based on user when people use smart devices in multimedia environment. We studied the interaction between human and contents by analyzing the effect of human emotions and personalities on preference and consumption of contents' type. This study was done by assuming that proper analysis on human emotions may increase user satisfaction on multimedia environment. We analyzed contents preference by gender and emotion. The results showed that there is significant relationship between 'Happy' emotion and 'Comedy Program' preference and men are more prefer it than women. However, it does not reveal any significant relationship between 'Sad' emotion and contents preferences but women are slightly more prefer 'Comedy Program' than men. This result supports the Zillmann's 'mood based management', which suggests that the needs for pleasant contents are revealed to relieve sadness when people are in a sad mood. In addition, our finding corresponds with Oliver's insistence on meeting all four factors, insight, meaningfulness, understanding and reflection, rather than just pleasure for more satisfaction. This study focused on temporary emotional factors and contents and additionally on effect of users' emotion, personality and preference on type of contents consumption. This relationship between emotions and contents study would suggest the better direction for developing smart devices with great contents usability and user satisfaction in the future.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences among mother's feeling expression, children's self-regulation, and children's peer competency by socio-demographic background and provide a basic material to develop the parents' education for mother's promosing emotional environment to help development of children by understanding the correlation among mother's feeling expression children's self-regulation, and children's peer competency. The research objects were 361 of 4 to 6-year-old children and their mothers. The tool adapted by Woo Sookyong(2002) was used for Mother's emotional expressivity, and the tool of Lee Jeongran(2003) for the of self regulation and the tool of park Joohee and Lee Eunhae for the children's peer competency. Data analysis was performed with population, percentage, t-test, Cronbach $\alpha$, F-test, and co-relation of LSD posteriori test. The summary of this study are as follows; First, the more negative expressivity was shown as mother's academic career was higher and the more positive one was appeared as family income was greater according to the background of socio-demography. Female children showed the higher self-regulation, and the self-decision and action control were greater as their age was higher. Children's peer competency was higher as they were social and friendly personality. Second, there was the strong relationship among the mother's feeling expressivity, children's self-regulation and peer competency one. Mother's positive expressivity had the relationship with children's self-regulation and peer competency one while weak expressivity had it with self-decision, regulation and children's peer competency. But the strong negative heartstrings' expressivity was an improper co-relation with action control and no relation with similar age competent ability. A definitive relation existed between all low level area except the emotion of self-regulation and children's peer competency. Form the above study, it was Known that there was the relationship among the mother's feeling expressivity, children's self-regulation and peer competency. In particular, there was strong relationship between positive and weak positive expressivity, and children's self-regulation and peer competency. These results could be reflected to parents' heartstrings education by knowing the impact of a positive emotional expressivity and weak-negative one.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-69
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• 2012

This research is a fundamental research to provide the foundation that psychological test can be utilized efficiently. It investigated and studied the reality of the psychological test used in elementary school, teacher's degrees of understanding and utilization of psychological test, requirements for improving the psychological test that is performed currently, and the direction of the testing tools that are required by elementary school. First, the main purpose of psychological test was different. The tests that were usually utilized in elementary schools were career inventory test and aptitude test, followed by personality test, learning test, creativity test and intelligence test in order. Second, it showed that teachers read the testing manual before carrying out the psychological test and understood it individually, the degree of understanding of T score showed to be the lowest. As a factor that hampered elementary school teacher's understanding of the psychological test, there was insufficiency of the teacher's professional knowledge, and it showed that the preparatory training for teachers about the tools of psychological test was necessary in order to improve this. Teacher's degree of utilization of psychological test showed to be lower than that of understanding. As a factor that influenced this kind of utilization by teachers, the lack of methodical understanding in afterwards guidance after the testing was the biggest factor. To increase the teacher's degree of utilization of psychological test, it was investigated that advice for more specific methods of guidance after the testing was necessary. Third, cross analysis was executed to find out if there was difference in the degree of understanding and utilization of psychological test according to whether a teacher completed the education course regarding counseling or not, and as a result, there was difference in the degree of understanding regarding some tests, but there was no difference found in the degree of utilization. Besides these, the point to be complemented in psychological test that was currently executed elementary schools and the direction of the testing tools that elementary schools require were investigated.