• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1505-1510
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• 2009

Arginyl-fructose (AF) and arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG) were chemically synthesized and purified. Their in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity was investigated using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and cellular antioxidant activity assay, respectively. The peroxyl radical scavenging activity of AF was much higher than that of AFG, which was in good agreement with their reduction capacity to donate electrons or hydrogen atoms. On the other hand, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of AF was weaker than that of AFG, which was consistent with their metal chelating activity, suggesting that AFG-$Cu^{2+}$ complex may be less redox-active than AF-$Cu^{2+}$ complex due to 1 glucose molecule attached. The cellular antioxidant activity of AF and AFG appeared to depend on both their permeability into cell membrane and the scavenging activity on peroxyl or hydroxyl radicals. These results indicate that AF and AFG, Maillard reaction products, may have a high potential as a material for the development of nutraceutical food with antioxidant activity.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2007

Although taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) can inhibit oxidative stress in both animal and epidemiological studies, it is obscure whether taurine directly scavenges oxy-radicals or indirectly regulates oxidant production and/or antioxidant defense system. The reason for this discrepancy remains unknown but may be due, in part, to the lack of a validated assay system for evaluating oxy-radical scavenging capacity. The antioxidant activities of taurine and hypotaurine (2-aminoethanesulfinic acid), a precursor of taurine, against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay and cell-based assay using H4IIE cells. tert-Butylhydroperoxide or hydrogen peroxide-induced cell toxicity determined by MTT assay was markedly inhibited by 10mM taurine or hypotaurine. The tert-butylhydroperoxide- or hydrogen peroxide-induced changes in oxidative stress markers, such as cellular glutathione and malondialdehyde, were ameliorated by 10mM taurine or hypotaurine. However, specific TOSC values calculated from the slope of the linear regression for taurine against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals or peroxynitrites were all less than 1 TOSC/mM. On the other hand specific TOSC values for hypotaurine against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals or peroxynitrites were 48, 2096, or 69 TOSC/mM, respectively. These results suggest that taurine protects cells against oxidative insults, which is not ascribed to directly scavenging activity of taurine against oxy-radicals. These results support the idea that the oxidation state of sulfur in antioxidants may be a determinant of oxy-radical scavenging capacity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 지유 에탄올추출물의 항산화 효과를 조사하였다. Pyrogallol의 억제율을 100%로 기준하였을 때, DPPH 라디칼을 50% 억제시키는데 필요한 지유 추출물의 농도는 0.33 mg/mL으로 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol의 $IC_{50}$(0.40 mg/mL)과 유사하게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 총항산화능은 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 superoxide 소거활성은 catechin에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 peroxyl 라디칼 소거활성은 ascorbic acid에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 구리이온 환원력은 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물은 hydroxyl 라디칼 및 peroxyl 라디칼로 유발된 supercoiled DNA strand의 절단을 억제시켰다. 지유 추출물 0.5 및 5 mg/mL의 총페놀 함량은 각각 0.50 및 3.33 mM gallic acid와 동등한 수준이었다. 또한, HepG2 세포주를 이용한 세포배양에서 지유 추출물 0.01, 0.1 및 0.5 mg/mL 농도의 첨가는 0.2 mM t-BHP로 유도된 세포독성을 각각 33.8, 79.1 및 96.9% 감소시켰다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과들은 지유 추출물의 강력한 항산화 효과와 세포독성 억제효과를 나타내며, 이러한 효능은 적어도 자유라디칼의 산화억제와 높은 총페놀 함량에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1315-1329
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate anticytotoxic and antioxidatative capacities of ethanol extracts from Acer tegmentosum Maxim (A. tegmentosum) stem in vitro. The extract at concentration of 200 ug/mL inhibited 10 and 20 ug/mL arsenic trioxide-induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells by 79.3 and 57.5%, respectively. The extract at concentration of 200 ug/mL inhibited 0.2 and 0.5 mM t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells by 66.3 and 35.7%, respectively. Antioxidative effects of the extract were examined via measurement of ABTS, superoxide, and peroxyl radical scavenging activities. ABTS radical scavenging activity of the extract was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Superoxide scavenging activity of the extract was higher than that of catechin. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the extract was higher than that of ascorbic acid. Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity of the extract was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The extract at concentrations of 100 and $500{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited 10 mM t-BHP-induced lipid peroxidation of HepG2 cells by 38.2 and 80.7%, respectively. The extract prevented supercoiled DNA strand breakage induced by hydroxyl or peroxyl radical. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract at concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$ were 71.3 nmol/mL gallic acid and 18.8 nmol/mL catechin equivalents, respectively. Thus, strong cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of A. tegmentosum stem extract seem to be due to, at least in part, the prevention from free radicals-induced oxidation as well as high levels in polyphenolic contents.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2016

In this report, we investigated the antioxidant (peroxyl radical-scavenging and reducing capacities) and anti-osteoporotic activities of extracts and isolated constituents (1 - 16) from the rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker on pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 5 exhibited significant peroxyl radical-scavenging capacity, with TE value of $8.47{\pm}0.52{\mu}M$, while compound 13 showed significant reducing capacity, with CUPRAC value of $5.66{\pm}0.26{\mu}M$, at $10.0{\mu}M$. In addition, flavonoid compounds 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and terpene compound 15 showed significant inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand-induced osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells, with values ranging from $16.97{\pm}1.02$ to $64.67{\pm}2.76%$. These results indicated that K. parviflora could be excellent sources for the antioxidant and anti-osteoporotic traditional medicinal plants.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2008

The shell of Reeve's turtle has been used as a traditional folk medicine in Korea. We produced a hot water extract from Reeve's turtle shell according to the traditional medical practice. To release bioactive peptides, the hot water extract was enzymatically hydrolyzed with various proteases, and the free radical scavenging activity of the hydrolysate was investigated against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals. The free radical scavenging activity of the enzymatic hydrolysates varied from 1 to 79% depending on the enzymes, free radical species, and concentration. The $EC_{50}$ values demonstrated that the enzymatic hydrolysates of hot water extract from the shell of Reeve's turtle are potential antioxidants.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant effect of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root. Methods: The ethanol extract of Angelica gigas root was suspended in water and then partitioned with dichloromethane (MC Fr.), ethyl acetate (EA Fr.) and butanol (BuOH Fr.), sequentially. The antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root were evaluated for radical scavenging activity against stable free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals. In addition the antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Results: Among the solvent fractions of MC Fr., EA Fr., and BuOH Fr., BuOH Fr. was found to have stronger antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 59.72, 14.36, 30.96 and $44.75\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ on the DPPH radical, nitrite, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, than BHA used as a positive control. Moreover, specific TOSC values(564.8, 276.4 and 405.5 TOSC/mM) of BuOH fr. against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were 4 times higher than GSH (136.5, 67.4 102.6 TOSC/mM) used as a positive control. Conclusions: These results suggest that the BuOH fr. of Angelica gigas root has a high antioxidant activity and can be useful to develop functional food against oxidative stress conditions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2011

The radical scavenging activity and inhibition effect from lipid peroxidation induced by peroxyl radical of methanol extract from Perilla frutescens and its active compound, rosmarinic acid (RA), were investigated in vitro. The treatment of extract and RA scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) and nitric oxide in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, the extract and RA showed strong radical scavenging activity against ${\cdot}OH$, the most toxic and reactive radical. In addition, Perilla frutescens and RA effectively inhibited lipid oxidation induced by sodium nitroprusside and 2,2'-azobis(2-aminopropane) dihydrochloride, determined by the ferric thiocyanate method. The present results suggest that Perilla frutescens and RA play a protective role against oxidative stress induced by free radical and lipid peroxidation.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.693-698
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• 2017

다양한 생리활성을 가진 심황과 쿠쿠미노이드가 가공식품류 등에 광범위하게 적용되는 바, 실제 식품 중에 이용되는 oleoresin turmeric 색소에 대해 마이크로파처리에 의한 화학안정성 및 생리활성의 변화를 분석하였다. 심황색소는 마이크로파 가열처리에 의해 황색도와 화학안정성이 감소하였으며 특히 3종의 쿠쿠미노이드 중 쿠쿠민이 마이크로파처리에 가장 민감하였고 BMC가 가장 안정하였다. 마이크로파처리 후 심황색소의 ABTS, AAPH peroxyl radical 및 아질산염 제거활성은 증가하였으며, DPPH 라디칼 제거활성에는 변화가 없었다. 심황색소에서 생성되는 활성 산소종은 마이크로파처리 후 증가하였으나, 정상장관계 세포 INT 407과 대장암 세포 HCT 116을 대상으로 한 세포독성 효과는 두 종류의 세포에서 모두 약화되었다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 식품 중에 첨가되는 심황색소가 마이크로파처리에 의해 화학적변화 및 생리활성에 영향을 가져올 수 있음을 보여주며, 이를 함유한 식품의 적절한 가공 및 조리방법이 고려되야 함을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1627-1631
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• 2008

다양한 방법으로 건조한 보리 잎의 생리활성을 분석한 결과, 보리 잎의 추출수율은 건조방법 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총 페놀함량은 건조방법별 함량에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 열처리 후 건조한 보리 잎에서 생잎 다음으로 높게 나타났고, 음건, 진공 동결 건조, 전자레인지 후 건조한 보리 잎에서는 유의성을 보이지 않았다. SOD 유사활성은 생잎 $95.69{\pm}0.33%$, 열처리 후 건조한 보리 잎 $94.96{\pm}0.77%$, 음건 $92.04{\pm}1.35%$, 진공 동결건조 $91.53{\pm}0.40%$, 전자레인지 건조 $92.58{\pm}0.27%$로 90% 이상의 높은 활성을 보였으며, 대조군인 항산화제 sesamol $88.42{\pm}0.80%$, tocopherol $88.86{\pm}0.61%$, BHT $86.62{\pm}0.89%$에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 생잎과 전자레인지 건조한 보리 잎을 제외하고 80% 이상의 peroxyl radical 소거능 및 90% 이상의 높은 xanthine oxidase 저해능을 보였다. 본 연구결과, 건조방법별 보리 잎의 총 페놀, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 건조방법에 따라 차이를 보였으나, 항산화 능력에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 사료된다.