• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1063-1066
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• 2003

A flow-meter and its measurement controller was developed for a hydraulic system. This study, for development of positive displacement flow-meter, consist of PIC(Peripheral Interface Controller) controller with MR(Magneto-resistive) sensors. This flow-meter is used valve position indicator for valve control system by hydraulic. The MR sensors are used for the rotation of OVAL gear that detecting device. In the ship environments, consideration that necessary explosive proof. Thus electro device or electro flow-meter needs explosion design for electric circuit. We designed noncontact type flow-meter and evaluated the safety and measuring abilities.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.169-176
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to set up the method of the natural killer(NK) cell activity assay using the flow cytometer and to examine the characteristics and distribution of the NK cell during rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Forty five male 6 week-old specific pathogen free(SPF) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group I was the non-treated control and given normal diet and water. Group II was treated with diethylnitrosamine(DEN, 200mg/kg, i.p.) and partial hepatectomy. Group III was treated with DEN, partial hepatectomy and 0.05% phenobarbital sodium in water from 3 to 16 weeks. All animals were examined the morphology of the large granular lymphocyte(LGL), the LGL percent of the total lymphocytes and the LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell in peripheral blood, spleen and liver. Moreover, activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined using the flow cytometer. As results, LGL were observed in the peripheral blood, spleen and liver. LGL were observed the relatively faintly staining basophilic cytoplasm with granules, and eccentric, often kidney-shaped nuclei in Giemsa stain. Its size was $11{\sim}13{\mu}m$. LGL percentage of the isolated lymphocytes in peripheral blood, spleen and liver were 1.8~2.3%, 1.3~1.4% and 0.87~0.99%, respectively. LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell was shown to be peripheral blood(9.3~10.3 %) > spleen(7.7~8.7%) > liver(5.6~7.0%). The activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes in Group I, II and III was 33.7%, 30.5% and 35.4%, respectively. However, all values were not significantly between groups.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.263-272
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• 2006

Purpose Brain vessles have autoregulation function, so even when perfusion pressure drops, cerebral blood flow remain stable by vasodilation. Latest research on this reserve of cerebral vessels is being done using TCD, which measures the reserve of the vessels. We did a research comparing cerebral vessel and peripheral vessel reserve between Taeumin, who are more likely to suffer CVA, and the normal. We observed blood flow of Internal carotid artery siphon and radial indicis artery of the two group with TCD. Method We picked 20 people out of patients diagnosed as cerebral infarction at Cheon-An Oriental hospital of Daejeon University. They were diagnosed as Taeumin with QSCCII questionnaire and constitutional differentiation. Using TCD, we measured highest blood flow rate, mean blood flow and asymmetric counting blood flow of Internal carotid artery siphon and radial indicis artery at rest. And then we measured again after stimulating cerebral vessels, by triggering hypercapnia by self apnea and peripheral vessels by palm heating. Result At rest, mean blood flow rate of Internal carotid artery siphon showed significant decrease compared to control group. Blood flow rate of Internal carotid artery siphon after hypercapnia showed significant decline in highest blood flow rate and mean blood flow compared to control group. Cerebral vessel reaction after the hypercapnia induction showed great change in experiment group than the control group. Peripheral vessel reaction after palm heating showed significant decline in experiment group compared to control group. Conclusion In conclusion, measuring the alteration of blood flow used in diagnosing cerebral infarction, is more sensitive when vessel stimulation is done. Non-invasive TCD is effective especially in case of Taeumin who are more likely to suffer vascular disorder than others.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.114-123
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effect of cold stress on heart rate variability and peripheral blood flow by Doppler ultrasound in healthy subjects. Methods: We classified the subjects by their Yin or Yang tendency using a Yin-Yang questionnaire. Cold stress was taken on the left hand of subjects for 10 seconds. Heart rate variability and peripheral blood flow were measured on the right radial artery before and after cold stress. Results: The Yang tendency group showed a significant decrease of heart rate after cold stress which was not seen in the Yin tendency group. The Yang tendency group showed a decrease of LF, total power, and increase of HF after cold stress, while the Yin tendency group showed the opposite. However, there were no statistically significant differences of heart rate variability analysis between the results of the two groups before and after cold stress. Recovery time of blood flow velocity by ultrasound Doppler was significantly different between the Yin and Yang tendency groups after cold stress. Conclusion: These results suggest that people with Yin or Yang tendency may show different responses in the autonomic nervous system. Further modified studies may include the responses to various manipulation techniques in acupuncture treatment and the individual responses according to pattern identification in traditional Korean medicine.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 1997

The treatment of chronic digital pain and cold intolerance due to Raynaud's phenomenon is quite difficult especially it is combined with scleroderma. Several surgical trial such as cervicothoracic sympathectomy have been attempted for the medically unresponsible Raynaud's phenomenon, but their results were unsatisfactory. We have tried peripheral periarterial sympathectomy for the 44 years old female patient who had medically unresponsible severe Raynaud's phenomenon with scleroderma. Periarterial adventitial stripping was performed at the level of wrist, superficial palmar arch, common digital artery and proper digital artery about 1.5-2 cm in length. Preoperative angiography and radioactive angiography were done and preoperatively and postoperatively the blood flow was measured by the desk top computer-aided histogram. Both hands digital pain were markedly reduced after operation and blood flow increased as compaired with the preoperative measure.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.45-55
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• 1995

This study was carried out to elucidate the toxic mechanism of cadmium in peripheral nerve. An animal model of cadmium neuropathy was induced by feeding diet containing cadmium to Sprague- Dawley rat (or two weeks. Four weeks aged Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into four groups : normal control group, 10ppm- cadmium treated group, 100ppm- cadmium treated group, 1000ppm- cadmium treated group, reference drug- treated group. All rats were sacrificed at the end of two weeks for assessing the development of cadmium neuropathy, These results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. Cadmium reduced peripheral flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase in rat sciatic nerve. 2. The toxic mechanism of cadmium might be the result of an reduction of myo-inositol concentration in peripheral nervous system 3. Reduction in myo-inositol content of peripheral nerve resulted from the inhibition of sodium- Potassium ATPase activity, which is responsible for myo-inositol transport, by cadmium 4. Oral administration of myo-inositol improved the flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterasenerve in cadmium intoxicated rat. These results suggest that mild cadmium neuropathy might be diagnosed by checking nervous myo-inositol content and oral administraion of myo-inositol might prevent the development of severe cadmium neuropathy with special reference to detective axonal transport.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2023

A 13-year-old neutered male mixed-breed dog presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and erythematous cutaneous lesions in the ear pinnae. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the lymph nodes revealed small to intermediate lymphocytes with a "hand mirror" configuration as the predominant cell type. Histopathological analysis of the lymph node showed an infiltrate of CD3-positive small lymphocytes compressing the follicles against the capsule owing to neoplastic cell expansion. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a homogeneous population of CD3+/CD4-/CD5+/CD8-/CD21+/CD34-/CD45- cells in both the peripheral blood and aspirated lymph nodes, which supports the diagnosis of T-zone lymphoma. Laboratory tests revealed lymphocytosis (14,144 cells/µL) in the peripheral blood. However, contrary to expectations, the bone marrow examination revealed no evidence of lymphocytic infiltration. T-zone lymphoma is an indolent lymphoma with a long survival period, and knowledge of its characteristics may affect disease staging and prognosis evaluation. Therefore, peripheral blood count as a sole screening tool for bone marrow metastasis should be used with caution.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.442-448
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• 2011

We previously reported that in vitro anti-platelet activity of tissue-cultured mountain ginseng (TCMG) ethanol extracts show improved efficacy when compared with commercial ginseng products such as Korean red ginseng and Panax ginseng. However, information on the anti-platelet activity of the ethyl acetate fraction from TCMG adventitious roots is limited. Therefore, in this study, we further investigated the effects of an ethyl acetate extract of TCMG (EA-TCMG) adventitious roots on in vitro antiplatelet activity in whole human blood and its effect on peripheral blood flow in mice. We found that EA-TCMG inhibited platelet aggregation with $IC_{50}$ values of 271, 180, and 147 ${\mu}g$/mL induced by collagen, adenosine-5'-diphosphate, and arachidonic acid, respectively. Among the three agonists used, thromboxane $A_2$ formation induced by arachidonic acid was markedly suppressed. Furthermore, EA-TCMG improved the peripheral circulatory disturbance by improving vascular blood flow. In conclusion, these results suggest that ethyl acetate extracts from TCMG adventitious roots might inhibit vascular platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 1998

Predictive behaviors by the extended k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model and the standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model are compared. Grid dependency is tested with the H-type grid as well as the O-type grid. Computations have been performed on a circular-to-rectangular transition duct. The Reynolds number is 390,000 based on the bulk velocity at the inlet. The computed axial velocity contours, transverse velocity profiles, static pressure contours, peripheral skin friction coefficient, peripheral wall static pressure distributions and turbulence kinetic energy have been compared with experimental results. The computed results than those obtained with the standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model. Comparing to the computed results obtained with the H-type grid and O-type grid, those with H-type grid seem to agree well with experimental results.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2008

Ketamine is a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and a short-acting general anaesthetic agent for human and veterinary use. We previously reported that treatment with ketamine impairs oxidative burst activity of canine peripheral blood leukocytes. In this study, the effect of ketamine on phagocytic capacity of canine peripheral blood leukocytes was examined in vitro. Phagocytic capacity was analyzed by using a flow cytometry. Ketamine directly decreased the phagocytic capacity of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes but not total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, the phagocytic capacity of PMN and monocytes was inhibited by the ketamine-treated PBMC but not PMN culture supernatant. These results suggest that ketamine has a direct inhibitory effect on the phagocytic capacity of canine peripheral blood phagocytes and involves the production of soluble factor(s) from canine PBMC, which may suppress the phagocytic capacity.