• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.173-183
• /
• 1993

장주기파(長週期波)의 침입(侵入)에 의한 항내(港內) 수면교란(水面攪亂) 현상(現象)을 분석(分析)하기 위하여 동해항(東海港)의 항외(港外), 항입구(港入口) 및 항내(港內)의 4개(個) 정점(定點)에서 약 1개월간(1992. 2~3) 수압식(水壓式) 파고계(波高計)를 이용하여 현장관측(現場觀測)을 실시(實施)하였다. 관측자료(觀測資料)의 스펙트럼 분석(分析) 결과(結果) 동해항(東海港)의 Helmholtz natural period는 약 17.1분, 제(第)2 첨두주기(尖頭週期)는 약 5.5분이 되는 것으로 나타났다. Helmholtz natural period에서의 증폭비(增幅比)는 약 10으로 영일제(迎日濟)의 약 2에 비해 상당히 크게 나타났으나 관측기간중(觀測期間中)의 항내(港內)에서의 해수의(海水位) 변위(變位) 진폭(振幅)은 약 10cm로 비교적 작은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 1991

우분(牛糞)의 부숙(腐熟)을 용이(容易)하게 하기 위하여 우분(牛糞)에 왕겨를 비율별(比率別)로 섞고 수분함량(水分含量), C/N률(率) 및 C/P률(率)에 대(對)한 조건(條件)을 파악(把握)하여 부숙(腐熟)과 후숙시험(後熟試驗)을 실시(實施)하였다. 최종제품(最終製品)으로 오이 유식체(幼植物)을 재배(栽培)하였고, 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1 부숙기간중(腐熟期間中) 퇴적내(堆積內) 평균온도(平均溫度)는 속서구(速成區)가 $55{\sim}65^{\circ}C$로 광행구(慣行區) $40{\sim}50^{\circ}C$보다 훨씬 높았으며 2. T-N함량(含量)은 속성구(速成區)가 관행구(慣行區) 보다 낮았으나 T-C함량(含量) 및 C/N률(率)은 높았으며, 속성구(速成區)가 관행구(慣行區)보다 부숙(腐熟)이 훨씬 잘 되었다. 3. 후숙기간중(後熟期間中) 부숙온도(腐熟溫度)와 C/N률(率)은 초기(初期)에 증가(增加)하였다가 그후(後) 감소(減少)하였으며 T-N 및 T-C함량(含量)은 시일(時日)이 경과(經過) 할수록 증가(增加)하였다. 4. 속성제품(速成製品)의 균일도(均一道)(위도분포(粒度分布))는 관행구(慣行區) 보다 약간(若干) 미세(微細) 하였으며 입도(粒度)는 -4.00+1.68mm가 가장 많았다. 5. 오이의 유식물(幼植物)은 속성구(速成區)가 관행구(慣行區) 보다 생육(生育)이 양호(良好)하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.434-442
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine for growing pigs. A nitrogen balance trial was conducted using a total of 21 barrows (Large WhiteLandrace) over two replicates. The initial body weight was $20.36{\pm}1.22kg$ (mean${\pm}$SD) in the first replicate and $23.54{\pm}1.02kg$ (mean${\pm}$SD) in the second. For each replicate, the 21 pigs were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments with three observations per treatment. The diets included a methionine and cystine-deficient basal diet with all other essential nutrients meeting nutrient requirements and six diets formulated with graded levels of DL-methionine (0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.10, 0.13, 0.16%) and $L-Cystine{\cdot}HCl{\cdot}H_2O$ (0.19, 0.15, 0.11, 0.07, 0.04, 0.00%). This resulted in ratios of methionine to methionine plus cystine of 41.3, 29.6, 35.3, 41.2, 46.0, 51.6 and 57.5%. Each experimental period lasted 12 days consisting of a seven-day adaptation period followed by a five-day total collection of urine and feces. During the collection period, pigs were fed 900 g/day for the first replicate and 1,200 g/day for the second replicate. The feed was provided in three equal portions at 0800, 1500, and 2200 h daily. Pigs had ad libitum access to water after feeding. There was a linear (p<0.01) and quadratic (p<0.01) effect on daily gain and feed conversion as the ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine increased. Pigs receiving the diets providing a methionine to methionine plus cystine ratio of 51.6% had the best daily gain and feed conversion. Plasma urea nitrogen was also lowest for this treatment. Nitrogen retention increased (p<0.01) as the relative proportion of methionine increased up to 51.6% and then a downward trend occurred at 57.5%. The quadratic regression model, as well as one- and two- slope regression line models, were used to determine the optimum ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine. Eliminating the 35.3% methionine to methionine plus cystine treatment resulted in $R^2$ values in excess of 0.92. The optimal ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine was estimated to be 54.15% for nitrogen retention and 56.72% for plasma urea nitrogen.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2013

The BESS(Battery Energy Storage System) is an useful device for load leveling, but the high cost, installation space and safety issues are the main barriers for supplying it widely. The important factor in supplying BESS to customers successfully is the payback period. As most of the H/W cost factors are uncontrollable, the optimization of storage volume can be useful factor in improving payback period. In order to obtain optimized BESS volume, the load factor, demand ratio, peak shaving ratio, electric rates and benefits from DR participation of customer should be analyzed. In this paper, we could verify the peak cutting capability and cost effectiveness under the some proposed conditions and changing value of PCS and battery based on the customers data after volume optimization process was applied, and we can identified the saturation point of load factor and shortening of customer's payback period.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권12호
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2020

Shadow banking in China has been growing rapidly; banks use wealth management products aggressively to evade regulatory constraints. The loan-to-deposit ratio or LDR targets both sides of the balance sheet; loans in terms of asset-side, and deposits in terms of liabilities-side; banks needed to control and maintain both sides. Regulators restricted Chinese banks to maintain a 75% limit for their loan-depositratio. Banks' needed to either lower their loans or increase the deposits; WMPs helped banks to evade this limit. Banks issue more WMPs to control and manage a 75% statutory ceiling LDR. This WMPs-LDR positive association disappeared post-2015 period. This study empirically examined how Chinese banks use WMPs issuance to avoid regulatory constraints. Quarterly panel data for 30 top Chinese banks were used by analyzing pre-2015 (during the 75% LDR limit) and post-2015 (after removal of the LDR limit). This study also performed fixed-effects model as recommended by the Hausman specification test, with feasible generalized least squares FGLS estimation technique. The results of this study show that for the pre-2015 period, Chinese banks use issuance of WMPs aggressively to manage their LDR limit; this WMPs-LDR relationship disappeared post-2015 period. Moreover, SMBs use WMPs more eagerly as compare to Big4 banks.

• 산업진흥연구
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 호텔업, 숙박업 그리고 관광업에 종사하는 기업들의 자본구조가 어떤 요인들에 의해서 결정되는가를 탐색하기 위해 2000년부터 2019년까지 한국의 환대산업 기업들을 대상으로 실증적 분석을 하였다. 자본구조이론과 기존연구들에서 제시된 몇 가지 설명변수들을 이용하여 종속변수인 레버리지와의 회귀분석을 하였다. 표본기간 전체와 글로벌 금융위기라는 특수한 기간을 제외하고 그 이전과 이후로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 판매비용, 수익성 및 기업규모의 회귀계수가 각각 통계적으로 유의한 음(-)을 나타냈으며, 이 중에서 특히 기업규모의 계수는 제조기업을 대상으로 한 기존연구에서 보고된 정(+)의 관계와 정반대인 음(-)으로 나타나 환대산업의 특수성을 나타낸 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2013

주기가 다른 격자들로 구성된 평면 DFB 도파로의 필터 특성들을 등가 전송선로 망을 사용하여 구현하였다. 대역 필터 특성과 공진 특성을 정확하게 분석하기 위하여 Floquet 이론과 Babinet 원리에 기초한 종방향 모드 전송선로 이론 (L-MTLT)을 제시하였다. 수치해석 결과, 본 논문에서 제시한 해석법은 주기가 다른 격자들로 구성된 DFB 도파로의 필터 특성들을 분석하기 위한 간단한 수치 해석적 알고리즘을 제공하였으며, DFB 필터의 대역폭과 사이드로브의 억압특성 각 영역에서의 격자개수와 격자 종횡비 (aspect ratio)에 민감하게 의존함을 보였다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2016

By incorporating a polarization-diversity loop configuration, we have demonstrated the inline switching of transmission and reflection spectra of one of two short-period fiber gratings (SPFGs) with different resonance wavelengths without reconfiguring the filter structure. The proposed filtering apparatus consists of a fiber-pigtailed polarization beam splitter, two SPFGs, and three quarter-wave plates (QWPs). The proposed filter can independently choose the transmission or reflection spectrum of each SPFG through the appropriate adjustment of the orientation angles of the QWPs within the filter without additional optical switches and couplers. The average insertion loss, band rejection ratio, and side-mode suppression ratio of the fabricated filter were measured as ~4.59, ~17.88, and ~19.67dB, respectively.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.293-311
• /
• 2016

A parametric study on the nonlinear seismic response of isolated reinforced concrete structural frame is presented. Three prototype frames designed according to the 1954 Hellenic seismic code, with number of floor ranging from 1 to 3 were considered. These low rise frames are representative of many existing reinforced concrete buildings in Greece. The efficacy of the implementation of both lead rubber bearings (LRB) and friction pendulum isolators (FPI) base isolation systems were examined. The selection of the isolation devices was made according to the ratio $T_{is}/T_{fb}$, where Tis is the period of the base isolation system and $T_{bf}$ is the period of the fixed-base building. The main purpose of this comprehensive study is to investigate the effect of the isolation system period on the seismic response of inadequately designed low rise buildings. Thus, the implementation of isolation systems which correspond to the ratio $T_{is}/T_{fb}$ that values from 3 to 5 is studied. Nonlinear time history analyses were performed to investigate the response of the isolated structures using a set of three natural seismic ground motions. The evaluation of each retrofitting case was made in terms of storey drift and storey shear force while in view of serviceability it was made in terms of storey acceleration. Finally, the maximum developed displacements and the residual displacements of the isolation systems are presented.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 1992년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.28-30
• /
• 1992

Long incubation period of W nucleation on the TiN glue layer is a serious problem in blanket W process. In this study we investigated the dependence of W nucleation and growth rate on the preparation method of the TiN film, deposition temperature, chemistry, $SiH_4/WF_6$ ratio and sputter etching, ion implantation, and $SiH_4$ flushing pre-treatments. Incubation periods of W nucleation and deposition rates of W growth on three different TiNs are in the order of TiN>RTP-TiN> annealed TiN and TiN${\leq}$RTP-TiN${\leq}$ annealed TiN, respectively. $\beta$-W is not found on TiN substrate even for high $SiH_4/WF_6$ ratio. Sputter etching pre-treatment increases incubation period of W nucleation, while it decreases deposition rate. $SiH_4$ flushing pre-treatment decreases incubation period, but it slightly decreases deposition rate.