• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.178-181
• /
• 2013

Traumatic injuries to an immature permanent tooth may result in cessation of dentin deposition and root maturation. Endodontic treatment is often complicated in premature tooth with an uncertain prognosis. This article describes successful treatment of two traumatized maxillary central incisors with complicated crown fracture three months after trauma. The radiographic examination showed immature roots in maxillary central incisors of a 9-year-old boy with a radiolucent lesion adjacent to the right central incisor. Apexogenesis was performed for the left central incisor and revascularization treatment was considered for the right one. In 18-month clinical and radiographic follow-up both teeth were asymptomatic, roots continued to develop, and periapical radiolucency of the right central incisor healed. Considering the root development of these contralateral teeth it can be concluded that revascularization is an appropriate treatment method in immature necrotic teeth.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2019

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignant central jaw tumor derived from odontogenic epithelial remnants. Predominantly, it affects mandible, although both jaw bones may be involved. This report describes a 60-year-old man who was initially misdiagnosed with a periapical infection related to the right lower wisdom tooth. After four months, the patient presented to a private dental clinic with a massive swelling at the right side of the mandible. Panoramic radiographs and advanced imaging revealed a lesion with complete erosion of the right ramus, which extended to the orbital floor. A biopsy from the mandibular angle revealed large pleomorphic atypical squamous cells, which is the primary microscopic feature of a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2010

본 증례에서는 비타민 D 저항성 구루병으로 진단받았으며, 가족력이 있었고, 작은 키, 휜 다리 등의 전신적인 증상을 보이는 환아의 구강 증상과 치료를 보고하였다. 특징적으로 구강 내에 심한 우식이 없는 치아에 다발성 치은 농양이 관찰되었고, 방사선학적으로 유치와 영구치에서 상아법랑경계까지 길게 뻗은 치수각, 얇은 상아질 및 확장된 치수 강이 관찰되었다. 이러한 비타민 D 저항성 구루병 환아에게는 치수 절제술 및 기성 금관 수복뿐만 아니라 더욱 더 적극적인 예방치료와 주기적인 검사가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.110-115
• /
• 2003

치외치(Dens evaginatus)는 조직 형태 분화기에 법랑기의 내측 법랑 상피가 외부로 과증식 되거나 치수 간엽 조직 이 국소적으로 과증식되어 나타난다. 치외치는 하악제 2소구치에서 가장 빈발하며 유전적 성향을 가지고 있다고 알려져 있다. 치아에 발생한 결절은 법랑질, 상아질, 치수 등의 정상 치아구조를 가지고 있으며 그 형태학적 특성으로 인해 저작에 의한 파절 또는 마모가 발생하여 미세한 치수노출이 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 치수노출에 의해서 치수염증, 치근단 병변, 치근 형성 중지 등이 생길 수 있으므로 조기에 발견하여 예방 및 조기치료를 시행하는 것이 중요하다. 만약 이미 감염이 진행되어 치근단 병변이 야기된 경우 적절한 근관 치료가 행해져야 하며 미완성 치근을 가지고 있는 경우가 대부분이므로 치근단 형성술을 병행해야 한다. 이에 저자는 치외치에 의한 치근단 병변을 주소로 내원하여 치근단 형성술을 시행한 언니의 증례와, 함께 내원하여 사전에 발견하고 점진적 삭제술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 얻은 동생의 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.303-313
• /
• 2003

It has been documented that periodontopathic bacteria are also implicated in endodontic infections. 168 rDNA gene-directed PCR was to examine the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria including Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Prevotella nigrescens (Pn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Porphyromonas endodontalis (Pe), and Treponema denticola (Td) in the root canals of 36 endodontically infected teeth having apical lesions with or without clinical symptoms like pain, swelling, and fistula. 1. In 36 infected root canals, most frequently detected bacterial species was Pg (61.1%), followed by Td (52.8%) and Pe (38.9%). 2. Of 36 infected root canals, Aa was detected in 6 canals (16.7%) of the teeth, all of which showed clinical symptoms. 3. Of 36 infected root canals, Pi and Pn were found in 4 03.9%) and 5 (33.3%), respectively. Notably, prevalence of Pn in the symptomatic teeth was 50.0%. 4. One of black-pigmented anaerobic bacteria (BPB) including Pi, Pn, Pe, and Pg was detected in all of the teeth that showed pain or especially swelling but not fistula. It was, however, found that prevalence of BPB in the asymptomatic teeth or the teeth with fistula was only 40%. 5. Pe and Pg were detected in the teeth regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. 6. Td was detected in the teeth regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. High prevalence of BPB in the symptomatic teeth but low in the asymptomatic teeth suggests that BPB may play an important role in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Many researches showed loss of alveolar bone in fresh extraction socket and even in case of immediate implant placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-resorbable barrier membrane on the change of buccal and lingual alveolar bone in immediate implant placement into periapically infected extraction sockets. Materials and methods: Immediate implants were placed into artificially induced periapical lesion of mandibular premolars after complete debridement using buccal bone defect made by a 6mm trephine bur in 4 mongrel dogs. Before flap repositioning, a non-resorbable barrier membrane was placed on the buccal defect in the experimental group. No membrane was placed in the control group. In 12 weeks after placement, the dogs were sacrificed and undecalcified histologic specimens were prepared. The vertical distance from the smooth-rough surface interface(SRI) to gingiva, 1st bone contact and bone crest were measured in buccal and lingual side. The horizontal thicknesses of gingiva and bone at 0, 1, 2 and 3mm below SRI were measured. Results: The buccal bone was resorbed more than lingual bone in both groups and there was statistical significance(p<0.05). The distances from SRI to 1st bone contact were $2.45{\pm}2.35\;mm$ in experimental group and $4.49{\pm}3.10\;mm$ in control group. In all vertical level, lingual bone was thicker than buccal bone(p<0.05). Conclusion: Buccal bone was reduced more than lingual bone in immediate implant placement into periapically infected extraction sockets. Placement of non-resorbable barrier membrane reduced the buccal bone resorption. However there was no statistical significance.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.237-242
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse and review deep learning convolutional neural networks for detecting and diagnosing early-stage dental caries on periapical radiographs. Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Studies published from 2015 to 2021 under the keywords(deep convolutional neural network) AND (caries), (deep learning caries) AND (convolutional neural network) AND (caries) were systematically reviewed. Results: When dental caries is improperly diagnosed, the lesion may eventually invade the enamel, dentin, and pulp tissue, leading to loss of tooth function. Rapid and precise detection and diagnosis are vital for implementing appropriate prevention and treatment of dental caries. Radiography and intraoral images are considered to play a vital role in detecting dental caries; nevertheless, studies have shown that 20% of suspicious areas are mistakenly diagnosed as dental caries using this technique; hence, diagnosis via radiography alone without an objective assessment is inaccurate. Identifying caries with a deep convolutional neural network-based detector enables the operator to distinguish changes in the location and morphological features of dental caries lesions. Deep learning algorithms have broader and more profound layers and are continually being developed, remarkably enhancing their precision in detecting and segmenting objects. Conclusion: Clinical applications of deep learning convolutional neural networks in the dental field have shown significant accuracy in detecting and diagnosing dental caries, and these models hold promise in supporting dental practitioners to improve patient outcomes.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.386-392
• /
• 2018

터너 증후군이란 한 개의 X 염색체와 전부 혹은 부분이 결여된 X 염색체를 나타내는 염색체 이상 질환이다. 치근 형태 이상이 터너 증후군 환자에서 정상에서보다 호발한다고 보고되었는데, 치근의 이러한 특징은 근관치료를 까다롭게 만들고, 특수한 처치를 요하기도 한다. 또한 터너 증후군 환자들은 종종 심장 또는 신장의 기형과 같은 전신적인 문제를 동반하기도 하므로, 임상의는 터너 증후군의 특징적인 구내 소견을 인지하고, 사전에 구내 합병증을 예방하기 위해 환자들이 정기적으로 치과 검진을 받을 수 있게 해야 한다. 10세 때에 터너증후군 진단을 받은 12세 여자 환자가 하악 양측 소구치 부위의 불편감을 주소로 내원했다. 특징적으로 하악의 모든소구치에서 우상치와 치외치가 관찰되었다. 하악 양측 제1소구치는 세 개의 치근을, 근단부 병소를 보이는 하악 양측 제2소구치는 두 개의 치근을 가지고 있었다. 근관의 복잡한 해부학적 특징 때문에 치과 현미경을 이용한 적절한 시야를 확보하여 근관치료를 마무리 했다. 2년간의 정기적인 관찰 결과 해당치아와 관련된 임상적 징후나 증상, 치근단 병소는 관찰되지 않았다. 본 증례 보고를 통해 터너 증후군 환자의 구강내 특징과 이의 치과적 관리에 대해 보고하고자 하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.40-48
• /
• 1999

This study was designed to examine the specificities of the designed primers for F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum and to compare the PCR results using clinical samples with those of the anaerobic culture method. F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum spp. are frequently isolated in infected root canals, and they are related to periapical diseases. F. nucleatum(VPI 10197) and F. necrophorum(ATCC 25286) were used as references for PCR reaction, and thirty five teeth with one canal and periapical lesion were used. The samples were cultured anaerobically and identified using Rapid ID 32A(BioMerieux Vitek, Inc., France) as biochemical battery. In the GenBank database, species-specific PCR primers(nuc1/nuc2 primers for F. nucleatum and nec1/nec2 primers for F. necrophorum) were designed from the 16S ribosomal DNA(rDNA) sequences of F. nucleatum(accession number M58683) and F. necrophorum(accession number AF044948). PCR procedures of F. nucleatum(VPI 10197) and F. necrophorum (ATCC 25286) were simulated on a computer software. Amplify(v.1.2${\beta}$ for Macintosh). 820 bps and 817 bps of nucleotides were expected, respectively. Using extracted DNAs with QiaAmp tissue kit(Qiagen co., Germany), PCR was done. The results were as follows : 1. The nuc1/nuc2 primers produced an amplicon of 820 bps and the nec1/nec2 primers produced an amplicon of 817 bps. 2. The nuc1/nuc2 primers and the nec1/nec2 primers were specific and did not react with species other than the designated ones(i.e. nuc1/nuc2 primers did not produce amplicons for F. necrophorum, and vice versa.). And the PCR products of Porphyromonas endodontalis(ATCC 35406), Porphyromonas gingivalis(ATCC 33277), Prevotella intermedia(ATCC 25611), and Prevotella nigrescens(ATCC 33563), frequently isolated in infected root canals and periapical lesions, were not amplified by the primers specific for Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium necrophorum. 3. This method utilizing PCR could detect F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum in clinical samples, while anaerobic culture method could detect neither.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제58권10호
• /
• pp.604-614
• /
• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the Cone-beam computed tomograghy(CBCT) scan of endodontically treated maxillary first molars and investigate how second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal is treated, how the prognosis of mesiobuccal (MB) root is different compared to other roots and the prognosis factor on apical periodontitis. Methods: Subjects were endodontically treated maxillary first molars whose were collected from CBCT scans taken from January 2018 until December 2019. A total of 525 maxillary first molars were analyzed by an endodontist to determine the presence of the MB2 canal, the quality of the root canal filling, and the presence of apical periodontitis. The chi square test and Fisher's exact test was used to examine the relationship between each variable. Results: MB2 canals were found in 46.3%, of which 76.5% were not treated. The more main canal of mesiobuccal root (MB1 canal) was well filled, the more significantly MB2 canal was well filled (p<0.001). The apical periodontitis of MB root was not related to the filling quality of MB1 canal (p=0.370) and was related to the filling quality of MB2 canal (p=0.004). The apical periodontitis of MB root was related to the quality of canal filling of MB2 canal and the apical periodontitis of DB and P root. Conclusions: It was found that the majority of MB2 canals were not treated. The apical periodontitis of MB root was analyzed to be related to the quality of canal filling of MB2 canal. The apical lesion of the MB root was not correlated with the treatment of the MB1 canal, but it was significantly related to the quality of filling of MB2 canal.