• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권10호
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• pp.21.1-21.6
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• 2017

Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of thermographic monitoring, using the temperature changes of perianal and perivulvar areas for the determination of estrus in Anatolian Shepherd bitches. Fifteen bitches were used in the study. Blood and vaginal smear samples were collected and thermographic monitoring of perianal and perivulvar areas were carried out starting from proestrus to early diestrus. Also, external signs of estrus were investigated. Smear samples were evaluated by light microscopy after Diff-Quik staining method and superficial and keratinized superficial cells were determined as percentage (S + KS%). Progesterone and luteinizing hormone measurements were done by radioimmunoassay. The difference in temperature between perianal and perivulvar areas was evaluated through thermographic images by FLIR ResearchIR Software. Results: According to the results obtained from the study, differences between progesterone and S + KS% were statistically significant (P < 0,05). Although temperature showed increase and decrease with progesterone and S + KS%, the differences were not important statistically (P > 0,05). Serum luteinizing hormone levels did not sign any difference (P > 0,05). Conclusions: As a result, thermographic monitoring alone is not enough for estrus detection in Anatolian Shepherd bitches. However, it can be used to assist the actual estrus detection technique in terms of providing some foreknowledge by evaluating the differences in temperature.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2011

Purpose: To compare photon thunderbird with deep match (technique 1) with 3-field technique with electron inguinal boost (technique 2) in acute skin toxicity, toxicity-related treatment breaks and patterns of failure in elective inguinal radiation therapy (RT) for curative chemoradiation in anal cancer. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients treated between January 2008 and September 2010 without evidence of inguinal and distant metastasis were retrospectively reviewed. In 9 patients with technique 1, dose to inguinal and whole pelvis area was 41.4 to 45 Gy and total dose was 59.4 Gy. In 8 patients with technique 2, doses to inguinal, whole pelvis, gross tumor were 36 to 41.4 Gy, 36 to 41.4 Gy, and 45 to 54 Gy, respectively. The median follow-up period was 27.6 and 14.8 months in group technique 1 and 2, respectively. Results: The incidences of grade 3 radiation dermatitis were 56% (5 patients) and 50% (4 patients), dose ranges grade 3 dermatitis appeared were 41.4 to 50.4 Gy and 45 to 54 Gy in group technique 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.819). The areas affected by grade 3 dermatitis in 2 groups were as follow: perianal and perineal areas in 40% and 25%, perianal and inguinal areas in 0% and 50%, and perianal area only in 60% and 25%, respectively (p = 0.196). No inguinal failure has been observed. Conclusion: Photon thunderbird with deep match technique and 3-field technique with electron inguinal boost showed similar incidence of radiation dermatitis. However, photon thunderbird with deep match seems to increase the possibility of severe perineal dermatitis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1364-1368
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• 2010

Gnotobiotic piglets (n = 10) were hand-reared in conventional germ-free facilities. Piglet body temperatures were measured with rectal and non-contact infrared thermometry (NIFT) on the lower eyelid, auricular center and margin, parietal regions, axilla, central abdomen and dorsum, and the perianal region. Body temperature measurements at central abdomen, cranial dorsum, and perianal regions had NIFT values which had a significant linear relationship (p<0.0001) with rectal thermometry. The predicted equations of between-subject formulas were calculated as follows: rectal temperature, 28.07489+0.30372${\times}$central abdominal surface temperature; rectal temperature, 34.02799+0.15197${\times}$central dorsum surface temperature; and rectal temperature, 33.87937+0.15676${\times}$perianal temperature. These results suggested that NIFT could serve as a valid alternative to rectal thermometry in a portable germ-free facility without disturbing experimental animals. The development of a NIFT body temperature evaluation that does not require animal restraint is clinically advantageous, particularly in gnotobiotic piglets, and would be significantly less stressful for experimental procedures in germ-free facilities.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.746-750
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• 2010

세 마리의 군 사역견이 신체검사와 직장 검사 등을 통해 항문주위 누공으로 진단되었다. 초기 치료는 단기간의 싸이클로스포린과 케토코나졸과 0.1%의 타크로리무스 연고제제로 시작하였다. 병변이 거의 다 치료가 되었을 시점부터 0.1% 타크로리무스 연고제제를 도포 횟수를 줄여서 실시하였다. 세 마리 모두에서 병변은 2-8주 사이에 별다른 부작용을 동반하지 않고 거의 대부분 사라졌으며, 완치는 증례 1, 2, 3에서 각 13, 6, 4주에 이루어졌다. 이 세가지 약물의 병용 프로토콜은 항문낭과도 연결된 항문주위 누공에서도 병변을 해소하는데 효과적이었으며, 특히 초기에 빠른 병변의 해소에 도움이 되어 병변으로부터 발생되는 고통을 경감시켜주는 기간이 늘어나는 것이 강점이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 시간적인 측면 외에도 경제적인 측면에서도 도움이 되므로 개에서 발생하는 항문주위 누공에 효과적인 치료 프로토콜로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.384-389
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• 2022

A 12-year-old Shetland sheepdog with dyschezia was presented to the clinic. Dyschezia was considered to have been caused by rectal stricture due to a perianal mass containing the distal colon, rectum, and anus. Considering the histological findings and gross appearance of the perianal mass, an aggressive form of adenocarcinoma was diagnosed and a poor prognosis was expected. An endon colostomy was successfully performed to improve quality of life, which had been decreased by the dyschezia. Postoperative fecal evacuation was well-managed by the owner using a disposable colostomy bag in addition to a previously reported flange and drainable pouch. The dog survived for three months and had a satisfactory quality of life. Surgery and postoperative management in such cases will be helpful in the treatment of defecation disorders in animals.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.785-793
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• 2022

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving apocrine-bearing sites. It is characterized by recurrent painful nodules and abscesses that potentially rupture, resulting in sinus tract formation, fistulas, and scarring. HS tends to be found in the intertriginous areas (i.e., the axillary, inguinal, and perianal areas of the body). HS may be uncommon for radiologists because its diagnosis is usually based on clinical assessment. However, diagnosis based solely on clinical manifestations can underestimate the severity of HS. Ultrasonography and MRI play a critical adjunct role in determining the severity and extent of the disease and greatly aid its management. Given that MRI is an effective imaging tool, its role in the analysis of severe and anogenital HS lesions merits considerable attention. Unfortunately, anoperineal HS imposes diagnostic dilemmas. It has multiple symptoms and presentations and often mimics other diseases in the intertriginous areas. Therefore, a thorough understanding of HS is essential to avoid delayed diagnoses. This review highlights the typical MRI imaging features and staging of HS, emphasizing on the anoperineal location. The review also differentiates the disease from mimics to facilitate the prompt delivery of appropriate treatment and improve patients' quality of life.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.117-120
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• 2003

Anal canal duplications occurring in a pair of 4 month-old healthy female twins are presented. The openings were located in the posterior midline of the anus since birth without a history of perianal abscess or swelling. Excision of the duplicated anal canals was performed using posterior sagittal approach. Although the anal canal duplication occurs predominantly in female, to our knowledge, this is the first case of anal duplication in a monozygotic female twins reported.

• 대한방사선협회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.124-136
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• 2001

Endorectal sonography can be used for staging the lower rectal tumors. Also can be applied for the classification of perianal fistula & identification of anal sphincters defects in patients with faecal incontinence. In the treatment of lower rectal cancer

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, the Republic of Korea (Korea) over a period of 5 years (2017-2021). Perianal swab samples, obtained using cellotape, from 10,392 preschool children in 26 districts were examined microscopically for E. vermicularis eggs. The test results were notified through the local health center, and the families of children who tested positive were advised to provide them anthelmintics treatment. The annual positive rates were 5.0%, 5.2%, 4.4%, 2.2%, and 1.0% in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The overall positive rate was higher in boys than in girls (P< 0.05), and children aged 5-7 years were at a higher risk of being infected than those aged 0-4 years (P< 0.05). Although the rates of infection by E. vermicularis in the survey area, Yeosu-si, were still in the 1% range , the results of this study suggest that they can be significantly reduced through continuous intervention centered around the test-treatment strategy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2020

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the disease phenotype of Korean pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) patients at diagnosis according to the Paris classification by comparison with patients from the European multicenter 5-years recruitment of children with newly developed IBD (EUROKIDS registry). Methods: Korean children and adolescents who had been newly diagnosed with CD at the age of <18 years during 2013-2016 were included in this multicenter retrospective study. Disease phenotype at diagnosis was classified according to the Paris classification, and compared with the published data from the EUROKIDS study. Results: A total of 255 patients were included. The median diagnosis age was 14.7 years (range, 0.8-17.9 years). No significant difference was observed in male-to-female ratio with EUROKIDS (1.9:1 vs. 1.45:1, p=0.062). The proportion of children aged <10 years was significantly lower in Koreans (7.1% vs. 19.6%, p<0.001). Colonic disease was less prominent (10.0% vs. 27.3%, p<0.001), while upper GI involvement was more prominent in Korean children (59.3% vs. 46.2%, p<0.001). The proportion with perianal fistulizing disease at diagnosis was significantly higher in Korean patients (44.8% vs. 8.2%, p<0.001). A separate analysis of Korean patients revealed that perianal fistulizing disease at diagnosis was positively associated with male sex and body mass index z-score (odds ratio [OR]=2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.20-3.76, p=0.010; and OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.05-1.58, p=0.015, respectively). Conclusion: Approximately half of pediatric CD patients in Korea present with perianal fistulas and/or abscesses at diagnosis, which is a distinct feature of CD in Korean children and adolescents compared to their European counterparts. An underlying genetic difference between ethnicities may play a role in this expression of different phenotypes in pediatric CD.