• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.91-97
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• 2000

With the brilliant development of information communication and the rapid spread of internet, current network communication is carrying several up-to-date functions such as electronic commerce, activation of electro currency or electronic signature and will produce more advanced services in the future. Information communication network such as that electronic commerce would demand the more safe and transparent guard of network, and anticipate the more fast performance of network. In this paper, in order to meet the several demands, DES(data encryption standard) with parallel feistel structure, which feistel structure of the basic structure of DES is transformed into in parallel, is proposed. The existing feistel structure can't use pipeline method for the structural problem of DES itself-the propagation of error. therefore, this modified parallel feistel structure could improve largely the performance of DES which had to have the trade-off relation between data processing speed and data security and in addition a method proposed in SEED having adopted the modified parallel feistel structure shows more excellent secure function and/or fast processing ability. The used CAD Tool use Synopsys Ver. 1999. 10 in both of synthesis and simulation.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.51-66
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• 2007

Purpose: With a view to providing basic data to develop cardiopulmonary resuscitation education suitable for elementary students, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation education was conducted to grasp students' knowledge, skills accuracy and the attitude change before and after the education. Methods: Convenience sampling was made on fourth and fifth graders(total-35 students) of S elementary school located in K city, Chungcheongnam-do, and this was a pre-experiment research designed before and after choosing a single group. In terms of methods, specifically we, researchers ; 1) Handed out questionnaires to students directly to make them fill in firsthand and collected the questionnaires. 2) Utilized PPT materials based on 2005 AHA guideline and DVD materials of AHA, to give students theoretical education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We used Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ torso produced by Leardal Inc, and Little Anne to conduct practical education individually. 3) Asked students to give Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ torso cardiopulmonary resuscitation five times with the ratio of 30 : 2, and then one of researchers filled in the evaluation sheet individually. 4) Evaluated the accuracy of students' ability to perform the resuscitation based on the record of Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ integrated printer(which was the objective tool to grasp students' skills accuracy). 5) Gave out questionnaires to make students fill them in and then collected them. after completing the practical evaluation. Results: 1) In case of the attitude about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Students' confidency rose from 19.28%(before the education) to 93.57(after the education)- which is a positive change. 2) As the result of the education, some elementary students scored 11 points (full score-16 points), up from 5 points before the education, in terms of the knowledge about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The average point also reached 13.14 points(after the education), jump from 8.37(before the education), which was the rise of 29.8%. 3) When it comes to the practical performance, the skills accuracy was 80.93% on average, and the calculation method was as follows: total items were 16, and each item was marked form 0 to 2 points, meaning the full score was 32 points. The minimum score was 19 points and the maximum was 32($M{\pm}SD=25.90{\pm}2.88$), which was calculated based on percentage. 4) Regarding skills accuracy, respiration accuracy(%)($M{\pm}SD=30.20{\pm}27.16$) was higher than pressure accuracy(%) ($M{\pm}SD=15.34{\pm}25.27$). Conclusion: The result showed that students' attitude on cardiopulmonary resuscitation changed positively. and meaningful difference(p = .00) existed in the change of students' knowledge. In terms of skills accuracy. chest compression and airway control showed high accuracy, but the result of Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ performance showed that the accuracy of chest compression was lower than that of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is characterized by a post-cracking residual tensile strength with a large tensile strain as well as a high compressive strength. To determine a material tensile strength of UHPFRC, three-point loading test on notched prism and direct tensile test on doubly notched plate were compared and then the design tensile strength is decided. Shear tests on nine I-shaped beams with varied types of fiber volume ratio, shear span ratio and size effect were conducted to investigate shear behavior in web. From the test results, the stress redistribution ability represented as diagonal cracked zone was quantified by inclination of principal stress in web. The test results shows that the specimens were capable of resistance to shear loading without stirrup in a range of large deformation and the strength increase with post-cracking behavior is stable. However at the ultimate state all test specimens failed as a crack localization in the damaged zone and the shear strength of specimens is affected by shear span ratio and effective depth. Strength predictions show that the existing recommendations should be modified considering shear span ratio and effective depth as design parameters.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2020

The main purpose of protective facility for small military unit is to provide the protection of not all the weapons system but the near-miss bullet in Korean army. In particular about the small caliber bullets, especially KM80 in Korea, there were many studies that both of the experiential and structural design methods dose not reflect enough the military threat. For that reason, a new equation to calculate effective anti-piercing depths for RC slabs against small caliber bullets is proposed in earlier research with actual shooting test. But, the test only considers the strength of concrete without the thickness of concrete, types of aggregate, the angle of yaw of bullet, high-strength concrete, etc. Therefore, this study evaluated the ballistic resistance performance by thickness and proportion of magnetic aggregate of concrete. As a result, we identified two major statistical estimations that the error of piercing depth by the angle of yaw of bullet could be cancelled by barrage and the thickness and proportion of magnetic aggregate of concrete dose not effect on the protection ability of concrete structure.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2017

Scutellariae baicalensis (S. baicalensis) has been traditionally used for anti-inflammatory effect. This study was designed to compare the antioxidant and whitening effects of S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract by Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides). Fermented extract of S. baicalenins was prepared by inoculation of L. mesenteroides after the extraction procedure with 70% ethanol. S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract was investigated via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Simultaneous qualitative analysis of two bioactive components; baicalin and baicalein was achieved by comparing their retention times ($t_R$) and UV spectra with those of the standard components. Cell viability test results indicated that both S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract were non-toxicity. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the fermented extract was $34.43{\mu}g/mL$ as a result of more effective than S. baicalensis extract. In nontoxic concentration rage, fermented extract of S. baicalensis showed strong melanin production inhibitory effect in ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-stimulated B16F10 cell ($IC_{50}=68.17{\mu}g/mL$). These results suggested that fermented extracts of S. baicalensis has considerable potential as a cosmetics ingredient with an antioxidant and anti-wrinkle and whitening effects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.577-584
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• 2013

IGRT(Image Guided Radiation Therapy) in radiation therapy is a very useful technique in order to increase setup of patient and position reproducibility. Tomotherapy can increase accuracy of setup to take IGRT by MVCT, but it be for verified accuracy of Image guided, and MVCT occurs the exposure of patient. Through this study, IGRT accuracy of Tomotherapy is very accurate within 1.0mm. When MVCT using Tomotherapy phantom for QA, QC be taken, exposure dose is Fine(2mm Slice thickness) 3cGy, Normal(4mm Slice thickness) 1.5cGy, Corse(6mmSlice thickness) 1.0cGy. Measurement value of spatial resolution using AAPM CT performance phantom did't cause a big difference. As a result, ability of IGRT in Tomotherapy is very accurate. While obtaining image for IGRT, we should minimize expose range because patient's be exposed to radiation. We should make an effort to do accurate radiation therapy to minimize exposure of patient by selecting the appropriate thickness of MVCT depending on patient's body and treat area.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.22-31
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• 2008

Cognitive radio should imply a proper sensing technique for detecting the presence of licensed users to identify the unused spectrum holes. Besides this, this information should also be used to opportunistically provide communication among secondary users. At the same time the performance of the primary user should not be declined by the secondary users. The detection of licensed users may be significantly difficult for shadowing effect. To prevail over this problem cooperative spectrum sensing, In which the combined observation information gained by multiple secondary users is employed to achieve higher performance of detection, has been inspected. However, the primary challenge of cooperative sensing lays in its ability to detect the presence of licensed user quickly and accurately. In this paper, we have used UltraWideBand (UWB) to detect the presence of licensed users and transmit the sensing information among the nodes of the network. UWB has the capability of transmitting data at a very high rate. It is unique in co-existence capability with narrow band systems. Here, we have shown that the detection probability of licensed user is improved by means of transmitting the spectrum sensing information via UWB. We also have analyzed the throughput of the proposed technique and compared the result with existing sensing method.

• Clean Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

Catalytic filter has many advantages for the industrial application owing to its bi-functional ability to treat nitrogen oxides and particulate simultaneously. The technical feasibility of using the catalytic filter in the flue gas treatment process will be more promoted if the high porous ceramic sheet filter is utilized. However, it is not easy to prepare the effective catalytic filter using sheet filter as it has less room for catalyst support due to its thin layer. In this study, catalytic filter using a domestic ceramic sheet filter element has been prepared and conducted the experimental evaluation for NO reduction performance. The current sheet filter element shows the low catalytic activity less than 92% conversion for NO concentration 700 ppm at the face velocity $0.02m\;s^{-1}$. This unexpected low catalytic activity seems to be caused by the present of extraordinary large pores from the lack of uniformity in the pore size distribution of the sheet filter. The large pore size of the sheet filter is reduced by composing the smaller powder as its raw material, which presents improvement in NO conversion more than 96%. More improvement is observed showing 98% NO conversion which is applicable to a commercial plant when the catalyst coating layer is expanded by adding the large $TiO_2$ particles during the catalyst preparation. Both of above two methods is regarded as that the broad gates of the larger pores in the coating layer are effectively filled with the proper catalyst. So these results encourage the utilization of sheet filter as a good catalytic filter material with its potential merit of high permeability.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.63-85
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• 2013

This study tries to investigate the fundamental implications inherent in inventory asset information(specifically, unexpected inventory investment) by analyzing how the relationship between unexpected inventory investment and future operating performance. And we study how is the response of the stock market participants to the fundamental implications inherent in inventory asset information. Prior papers often assume the efficient market and they view the significant relation between stock prices and financial indicators as evidence of the contribution of such indicators to future earnings. Leading indicators are attracting the market's attention for equity valuation. We study whether one leading indicator (unexpected Inventories) forecasts future earnings, and whether market participants fully reflect the predictive ability when they sets share prices(Mishkin test, 1983). Our empirical results of the study are summarized as follows. Current unexpected inventory investment is negatively associated with future operating performance. Also, our evidence is that the stock market participants overprice the contribution of unexpected inventory investment when predicting future earnings. Furthermore, a hedge strategy that uses the overpricing gives significant future abnormal returns. The overall results help the users of financial reports, researchers of accounting, and the accounting principle setting body.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

Since recent construction projects become larger and complicated, the level of difficulty of management skill is rising, and the risk is increasing accordingly so the necessity of improving management skill of projects is increasing. In order to solve this problem, Construction Management system was preferentially introduced in construction projects but in case of domestic construction industry, separate contracts by business boundary are being made so the actual state is that the function of the Construction Management system is not properly operated over the overall projects. The partial operation of Construction Management system like this may impose many restrictions on converged and combined projects such as smart grid and intelligent buildings etc. in the future. For improvement of management skill of domestic construction projects, the competence of project management skill by work areas that can overcome heterogeneity of the current project management skill shall be secured, and any factor that impedes cooperation ability shall be found and that shall be solved. Therefore, the difference of work competency of project management system of construction and electrical construction is to be analyzed by utilizing IPA model in this study, and a plan to introduce the project management system of electrical construction for efficient operation of projects is to be looked into.