• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2006

As the number of Internet users increases, online shopping malls are gradually flourishing and sales are continuously growing. However, since consumers are not able to check what they purchase when buying products on the Internet, they are bound to have higher risk perception than buying directly from off-line stores. Especially, sporting goods require a special attention because a preliminary test is important. Therefore, the risk perception is much higher when people purchase sporting goods online. This study first identifies the multi-dimensionality of risk perception. Then, it investigates whether online purchasing experience of sporting goods makes differences in the level of risk perception. In addition, it examines whether the risk perception by those who had an experience in purchasing sporting goods online affects the customer satisfaction. This study has identified five dimensions in the concept of risk perception, such as financial risk, performance risk, security risk, delivery risk, and psychological/physical risk. A statistical analysis shows that people without an experience in purchasing sporting goods online have perceived significantly higher performance risk, security risk, and psychological/physical risk than those with online purchasing experiences. Finally, this study has found that delivery risk, financial risk, and psychological/physical risk have significant negative influences on the customer satisfaction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.231-244
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• 2005

In recent decades, significant effort has led to risk-informed improvements to regulation. Performance-based approaches also promise significant gains in efficiency (level of safety versus effort). However, significant work remains to be done before performance-based approaches realize their full potential in regulation of nuclear power plants. This paper reviews key concepts related to performance-based regulation, discusses some applications of performance-based approaches, and identifies issues that still need to be addressed. Realistic, experience-based models of licensee performance are still lacking; this makes it difficult to assess the prospective effectiveness of any given regulatory approach, in light of the performance issues that it will actually face. Also, while 'compliance' is an intuitively straightforward concept to apply within a prescriptive implementation, its analog in a performance-based approach remains unclear. An overarching theme of the paper is that formal methods of decision analysis are very helpful in developing appropriate regulatory approaches, especially performance-based ones; this theme is illustrated at several points.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2006

The risk management is an organized method for identifying and measuring risk and for selecting, developing, and implementing options for the handling of risk. The risk management covers all programatic and technical factors which affect the system development performance, cost, and schedule. While technical issues are primary concern for systems engineering, the three elements(performance, cost, and schedule) must be balanced for a successful risk management process. This paper proposes the risk management process for the KSLV-I(Korea Space Launch Vehicle-I) program using computer-aided systems engineering tool, Cradle. The risk management process of KSLV-I program is similar to the general risk management process, but it has its own specific features to manage large-scale complex characteristics of KSLV-I program.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2010

The analysis of the seismic risk of an offshore structure with a control device is presented. First, a probability density function was developed to represent seismic hazard, and seismic fragility under artificial earthquake conditions was determined. Fragility curves for an offshore structure with both passive and active control devices were determined. Displacement criteria were set to evaluate the performance of the structure. Based on numerical analysis, the seismic risk to the structure was considerably reduced when the structure had a seismic control device. The seismic risk to the actively controlled structure was decreased by 80% compared to the uncontrolled case. Reasonable performance evaluations of offshore structure with control devices can be conducted through risk analysis.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2002

This study aims to examine the forming procedure of consumer satisfaction from Internet shopping experience. Many studies on the satisfaction have primarily focused on the examination of the antecedents of satisfaction along with the expectation-disconfirmation paradigm dominating the former studies. This study has built an Internet shopping expectation-disconfirmation model as to apply the expectation-disconfirmation into the condition of the Internet shopping. The summary of study represented in following. l. The expectation of risk and performance of benefit had a significantly positive effect on the perceived disconfirmation. In addition, an expectation of benefit and performance of risk had a significantly negative effect on the perceived disconfirmation. 2. A performance of risk and performance of benefit not only had a significantly indirect effect, but also a significantly direct effect on the consumer satisfaction. But expectation of risk and expectation of benefit had no significant direct effect on satisfaction. 3. Not only the perceived disconfirmation had a significant positive effect on satisfaction, but also an effect of the perceived disconfirmation on satisfaction(0.472) is larger than that of the performance of risk or performance of benefit. Meaning that, it is desirable for one to apply the expectation-disconfirmation model into the Internet shopping circumstances as much as the off-line markets.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2008

Recently, traceability systems are introduced as a new food safety information system. To trace food products efficiently, they must have an automatic identification capability at the individual product level. This capability can be gained through RFID technology. But there is not yet any performance evaluation tool on RFID-based traceability systems (RFID-TS). This study developed an evaluation tool of RFID-TS. To develop the tool, this study considered the objective and the components of RFID-TS as their performance constructs. According to Churchill's paradigm, the tool was established through two stages. The final evaluation tool consisted of four constructs (risk, operational benefits, IS (information system), and network) and nine sub-constructs. Among the four constructs, risk and IS were found as the most important performance constructs through regression analysis. Among the nine sub-constructs, service (which belonged to the IS construct) and economic risk (which belonged to the risk construct) were found as the most important performance sub-constructs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2021

This purpose of this study is to investigate the association among mutual funds (MFs) risk measures and return parameters, evaluate mutual fund performance and also explore the best appropriate mutual fund performance measure for investment in Pakistan. Therefore, thirty-five mutual funds have been selected for the period 2007-2015. The Sharpe, Treynor, Jensen Alpha, Information ratio and Fama's Net Selectivity measures has been used to analyze MF performance. Our study findings show significant positive relation exist between Sharpe and Jenson alpha & information ratio (IR); Treynor ratio is negatively correlated to Jenson alpha and Jenson alpha is positively allied with IR. Moreover, association among performance measures, Fama's net selectivity is a major driver in leading to other measures but Sharpe and IR lead to Treynor ratio as well. Furthermore, performance measures are ranked in accordance standard deviation with the arrangement of Fama's net selectivity at top, Jenson Alpha at second, Sharpe ratio at third, IR at fourth and Treynor ratio at fifth position according to risk parameters in Pakistan. Overall, Jensen Alpha measure appears to be the best suitable mutual fund performance measure in Pakistan due to its practical nature. Finally, the Pakistani stock market index KSE100 (as benchmark) performs better than MF industry of Pakistan.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.462-470
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• 2021

Background: Fatigue is pervasive, under-reported, and potentially deadly where flight operations are concerned. The aviation industry appears to lack a standardized, practical, and easily replicable protocol for fatigue risk assessment which can be consistently applied across operators. Aim: Our paper sought to present a framework, supported by real-world data with subjective and objective parameters, to monitor aircrew fatigue and performance, and to determine the safe crew configuration for commercial airline operations. Methods: Our protocol identified risk factors for fatigue-induced performance degradation as triggers for fatigue risk and performance assessment. Using both subjective and objective measurements of sleep, fatigue, and performance in the form of instruments such as the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Samn-Perelli Crew Status Check, Psychomotor Vigilance Task, sleep logs, and a wearable actigraph for sleep log correlation and sleep duration and quality charting, a workflow flagging fatigue-prone flight operations for risk mitigation was developed and trialed. Results: In an operational study aimed at occupational assessment of fatigue and performance in airline pilots on a three-men crew versus a four-men crew for a long-haul flight, we affirmed the technical feasibility of our proposed framework and approach, the validity of the battery of assessment instruments, and the meaningful interpretation of fatigue and work performance indicators to enable the formulation of safe work recommendations. Conclusion: A standardized occupational assessment protocol like ours is useful to achieve consistency and objectivity in the occupational assessment of fatigue and work performance.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of perception of safety risk factors and the degree of performance of safety nursing activities in order to develop an education program to improve the safety of patients. Methods: The subjects were 217 nurses from 3 university hospitals in Incheon. Data were collected with structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and ANOVA using SPSS 22.0. Results: The level of perception of patient's safety risk factors and safety care activities was 2.93 and 4.68, respectively. Perception of patient safety risk factors which belonging to the risk type of therapeutic devices, equipment, service and infrastructure all scored below average; also in addition, behavior, performance, and violence risk type and work system, information and communication risk type showed relatively low perception levels. Safety nursing activities showed a low level of performance in accurate communication among medical teams, management of fire and disaster, security management, use of restraints, identification of patients, and correct performance of operations and procedures. Conclusion: Based on these results, it is necessary to improve the safety of patients by taking proper management measures along with education.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2013

일반적인 사회기반시설물 자산관리 절차는 기존 자산의 명확한 정보획득, 서비스수준의 설정, 요구수준의 분석, 재정상태와 가용예산의 분석, 자산관리 계획의 준비, 수정된 자산의 정보 획득 순으로 구성될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 실제적인 위험도분석 기반의 개선된 교량 자산관리를 위하여 필요한 상태평가 및 성능측정, 성능척도의 설정, 파손형태 및 위험도 분석 등에 대한 방법론을 제시하였다. 보다 효율적인 교량 관리를 위하여 위험도 고려가 필요한 교량 기본현황정보 및 성능척도 항목을 설정하였고, 정량적 정성적 위험도를 고려한 성능평가방법을 제안하였다. 위험정도와 발생가능성을 고려한 위험도 매트릭스를 이용한 성능평가방법은 교량의 서비스수준을 보다 합리적으로 추정할 수 있다. 제안된 위험도분석 절차와 방법이 접목된 교량 서비스수준 평가방법을 이용하면 보다 합리적인 자산관리 의사결정이 가능하며, 향후 최적의 유지관리 의사결정을 위한 자산관리 체계구축 및 시스템 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.