• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1512-1523
• /
• 2022

Artificial intelligence application in digital health care has been increasing with its development of artificial intelligence. The convergence of the healthcare industry and information and communication technology makes the diagnosis of diseases more simple and comprehensible. From the perspective of medical services, its practice as an initial test and a reference indicator may become widely applicable. Therefore, analyzing the factors that are the basis for existing diagnosis protocols also helps suggest directions using artificial intelligence beyond previous regression and statistical analyses. This paper conducts essential diagnostic prediction learning based on the analysis of blood cancer factors reported previously. Blood cancer diagnosis predictions based on artificial intelligence contribute to successfully achieve more than 90% accuracy and validation of blood cancer factors as an alternative auxiliary approach.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.297-318
• /
• 2021

Coccidiosis is a major parasitic disease in the poultry industry, with great economic implications worldwide. It is a ubiquitous protozoan infection caused by several species of the genus Eimeria (host-specific) that colonize and reproduce in the intestine of birds, ultimately altering the health and performance of the flock. At present, several methods are used to diagnose coccidiosis in poultry, including field and laboratory techniques (intestinal lesion scoring, oocyst counting in feces, and biochemical and molecular diagnosis). Traditionally, diagnosed flocks have been treated either by vaccination to improve the active immunity of the birds against coccidiosis or supplementation of prophylactic anticoccidials to ameliorate the deleterious effects of coccidiosis. However, these methods has certain drawbacks such as vaccine-induced coccidiosis, drug resistance, and residual drug accumulation in the host. Consequently, alternative safe anti-coccidial agents, including the use of phytogenic compounds, have been explored for preventing coccidiosis. Here, we provide a simple overview of the literature on poultry coccidiosis by focusing on the etiology, diagnostic practices, and preventive measures.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1998

Gated myocardial SPECT and attenuation correction gave birth to new insights into the pathophysiology of ischemic myocardial perfusion and function in clinical routine practice. Gated myocardial Tc-99m-compound SPECT improved diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease and enabled us to observe motion and thickening of myocardial walls as well as myocardial perfusion at the same time. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of myocardial performance and perfusion let us to understand the myocardial physiology in ischemia and infarction. In every patient who underwent gated perfusion SPECT, we will find ejection fraction, left ventricular volumes and regional wall motion. There are hopes to use gated TI-201 SPECT for the same purpose and to use gated SPECT for evaluation of wall motion and thickening at stress or immediate post-stress. Attenuation correction could improve diagnostic accuracy mainly by increasing normalcy ratio or performance of non-expert physicians. Both gated methods and attenuation correction improved specificity of non-expert physicians in diagnosing patients with moderate pretest likelihood. New imaging techniques will fill the desire of cardiologists to examine function and perfusion, and possibly metabolism in their clinical routine practice.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.42 no.sup1
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2008

In the management of colo-retal and anal cancer, accurate staging, treatment evaluation, early detection of recurrence are main clinical problems. F-18 FDG PET (PET/CT) has been reported as useful in the management of colo-rectal and anal cancer because that PET has high diagnostic performance comparing to conventional studies. In case of liver metastases, for confirmation of no extrahepatic metastases, in case of high risk of metastasis, for avoiding unnecessary operation, PET (PET/CT) is expected more useful. In anal cancer, PET is expected useful in lymph node staging. For the early prediction of chemotherapy or radiation therapy effect PET has been reported as useful, also. In early detection of recurrence by PET, cost-benefit advantages has been suggested, also. PET/CT is expected to have higher diagnostic performance than PET alone.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.399-412
• /
• 1996

With respect to the effects of types of knowledge on human diagnostic performance, the results of several experiments claimed that training with procedural knowledge is more effective than training with principle knowledge. However, more useful results would be attained by investigating when and how the principles of system dynamics is valuable for diagnosis. Accordingly, we conducted an experiment to reevaluate the value of principle knowledge in two problem situations. A simulator system, named DLD, to diagnose an electronic device was created. It is a context-free digital logic circuit which includes forty-one gates of three basic types. The experiment investigated the effects of principle knowledge over common procedural knowledge. The experimental results showed that the effects of principle knowledge is dependent on the complexity of diagnostic situations. This adds up on experimental evidence against the presumed ineffectiveness of principle knowledge and forward reasoning in fault diagnosis. The results also suggest the source of the usefulness of principle knowledge.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.6079-6097
• /
• 2018

Safety-related systems (SRSs) has widely used in shipbuilding and power generation to prevent fatal accidents and to protect life and property. Thus, SRS performance is a high priority. The safety integrity level (SIL) is the relative performance level of an SRS with regard to its ability to operate reliably in a safe manner. In this article, we proposed an optimal design procedure to achieve the targeted SIL of SRSs. In addition, a more efficient failure mode and effects diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) process and optimization model were developed to improve cost efficiency. Based on previous IEC 61508 diagnostic analyses that revealed unnecessary costs associated with excessive reliability, the new approach consists of two phases: (i) SIL evaluation by FMEDA, and (ii) solution optimization for achieving the target SIL with minimal cost using integer-programming models. The proposed procedure meets the required safety level and minimizes system costs. A case study involving a gas-detection SRS was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new procedure.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.323-333
• /
• 2016

Background: Ovarian cancer remains a major worldwide health care issue due to the lack of satisfactory diagnostic methods for early detection of the disease. Prior studies on the role of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in detecting ovarian cancer presented conflicting results. New tools to improve the accuracy of identifying malignancy are urgently needed. We here aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of tissue CA125 and HE4 gene expression in comparison to serum CA125 and HE4 in discriminating benign from malignant pelvic masses. Materials and Methods: One-hundred Egyptian women were enrolled in this study, including 60 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and 20 benign ovarian tumor patients, as well as 20 apparently healthy women. Preoperative serum levels of CA125 and HE4 were measured by immunoassays. Tissue expression levels of genes encoding CA125 and HE4 were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The diagnostic performance of CA125 and HE4, measured either as mRNA or protein levels, was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The serum CA125+HE4 combination and serum HE4, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.935 and 0.932, respectively, performed significantly better than serum CA125 (AUC=0.592; P<0.001). Tissue CA125 and HE4 (AUC=1) performed significantly better than serum CA125 (P<0.001), serum HE4 (P=0.016) and the serum CA125+HE4 combination (P=0.018). Conclusions: Measurement of tissue CA125 and HE4 gene expression not only improves discriminatory performance, but also broadens the range of differential diagnostic possibilities in distinguishing EOC from benign ovarian tumors.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.1004-1007
• /
• 2014

Culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of tuberculosis, but it takes 6 to 8 weeks to confirm the result. This issue is complemented by the detection method using polymerase chain reaction, which is now widely used in a routine microbiology laboratory. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Seegene Anyplex TB PCR to assess its diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and compared its results with the Roche Cobas TaqMan MTB PCR, one of the most widely used assays in the world. Five university hospitals located in the Chungcheong area in South Korea participated in the study. A total of 1,167 respiratory specimens ordered for acid-fast bacilli staining and culture were collected for four months, analyzed via the Seegene Anyplex TB PCR, and its results were compared with the Roche Cobas TaqMan MTB PCR. For detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Anyplex TB PCR were 87.5% and 98.2% respectively, whereas those of the Cobas TaqMan were 92.0% and 98.0% respectively (p value > 0.05). For smear-positive specimens, the sensitivity of the Anyplex TB PCR was 95.2%, which was exactly the same as that of the Cobas TaqMan. For smear-negative specimens, the sensitivity of the Anyplex TB PCR was 69.2%, whereas that of the Cobas TaqMan TB PCR was 84.6%. For detection of MTB, the Seegene Anyplex TB PCR showed excellent diagnostic performance, and high sensitivity and specificity, which were comparable to the Roche Cobas TaqMan MTB PCR. In conclusion, the Anyplex TB PCR can be a useful diagnostic tool for the early detection of tuberculosis in clinical laboratories.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.389-398
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of Waters' and panoramic view; maxillary sinus posteroanterior and lateral scanography of Scanora/sup (R)/ for mucosal thickening of maxillary sinus as well as to identify the utility of Scanora/sup (R)/ for the detection of maxillary sinus disease. The assessment was done at 66 maxillary sinuses in 45 patients and the results were as follows ; 1. Estimation of presence or absence of mucosal thickening. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of maxillary sinus posteroanterior and lateral scanography were 0.865, 0.860, 0.921, and 0.805 respectively and slightly higher than those of Waters' and panoramic views, which were 0.832, 0.835, 0.903, and 0.728 respectively. However, paired t-test showed no significant differences in the diagnostic performance of the two pairs of imaging modalities. 2. Estimation of the types of mucosal thickening. The diagnostic accuracy for type I, II, III was 75.3％ on Waters' and panoramic view; 77.9％ on maxillary sinus posteroanterior and lateral scanography. It was higher on the latter ,but showed no significant differences from that on the former. 3. Reliability of interpretation. In itraobserver and interobserver agreement, both overall rates of agreement and kappa-value were slightly higher on maxillary sinus posteroanterior and lateral scanography than on Waters' and panoramic views. There was no significant differences between the two pairs of imaging modalities. These results suggested that scanogram is a useful diagnostic radiography as well as Waters' and panoramic views for detection of maxillary sinusitis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.12
• /
• pp.3029-3034
• /
• 2014

The paper describes the scleral diagnostic system implementation for human eyes by using the scleral color code and vessels sign pattern code generations. The system is based on the high performance DSP image signal processor, programmable gain control for preprocessing and RISC SD frames storage. RGB image signals are optimized by PGC, the edge image is detected form the gray image converted. The processing algorithms are executed by scleral color code generation and scleral vessels sign pattern code creation for discriminating and matching. The scleral symptomatic color code is generated by YCbCr values at memory map tolerated and the vessel sign pattern code is created by digitizing the 24 clock and 13 ring zones, overlay matching and tolerances. The experimental results for performance are that the system runs 40ms, and the color and pattern for diagnostic errors are around 20% and 24% on average. The system and technique enable a scleral diagnosis with subdividing the patterns and patient database.