• 기록학연구
• /
• 제79호
• /
• pp.121-168
• /
• 2024

기록학의 핵심에는 기록관리가 있다. 기록관리에 충실해야 한다. 그러나 기록관리에 충실할수록 발생하는 역설이 하나 있지 않을까. '책임있는 관리자가 되어, 관리적 차원에서 기록을 효율적으로 관리하는 일'이 그런 기록을 만들고 이용하는 인간이라는 사회적 존재에 대한 관심은 오히려 축소시킨다는 역설. 인간은 왜 기록을 생산하고 이용하는가. 그것은 인간이란 존재가 특이하게도 기록이라는 개념을 가지고 살아가는 존재이기 때문일 것이다. 개념은 '생각의 설계도 같은 것'이다. 기록관리가 발전할수록 가치 있는 기록이 더 많이, 보다 체계적으로 보존되며, 폭넓음과 유효적절함으로 서비스가 되는 것이어서 이 방향성을 의심할 필요는 없다. 그러나 기록관리가 아닌 인간의 시선에서 이런 상황을 관찰하게 되면, 기록관리에 등장하는 인간은 기록을 이용하는 대상으로 제한된다는 것을 알게 된다. 원점에서 재검토한다는 가설에 입각해 인간을 다르게 인식할 경우, 인간과 기록의 관계, 또는 기록과 인간의 관계에 대해 특이한 맥락을 접할 수 있다. 인간은 누구에게도 양도할 수 없는 존엄성을 지닌 존재, 행복을 추구할 권리를 가진 존재, 자유와 평등, 사회적 기본권을 향유하며 살아야 하는 존재라는 규범에까지 이르게 된다면, 요컨대, 헌법적 관점에서 인간을 인식한다면, 기록의 사회적 역할과 방향성에 대해 새롭게 인식할 수 있다. 국내외 헌법과 국내외 인권규범은 인간의 기본권을 최종 규범으로 문서화 하고 있으며, 이를 보장하고 실천하는 것이 국가의 의무임을 명확히 하고 있다. 헌법적 관점에서 기록의 역할은 인간의 기본권을 증식하는 기록실천이다. 또는 인간의 기본권을 옹호하고 지지하며 지원하는 일이다. 인간의 기본권을 증식하는 기록실천은 전문가에게 요구되는 시민의식이기도 하겠지만, 다른 한편으로는 기록학의 직업적 통로가 될 수 있다. 기록관리가 2차선 왕복도로라고 한다면, 기록관리와 인간의 기본권을 증식하는 기록실천이 상호작용하는 것은 4차선 왕복도로를 개척하는 일이라고 할 수 있겠다. 이 글은 헌법적 관점을 기록학의 관점으로 명확히 잡아, 그간 기록관리 안팎으로 전개된 인간의 기본권을 증식하는 기록실천을 점검하고, 이런 기조에서 기록학의 사회적 역할을 재검토한 글이다. 기록학의 사회적 역할에는 기록에 관한 새로운 언어적 규칙을 제공하는 것이 있다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.27-55
• /
• 2008

Due to the increasing and intensifying competition in the Internet shopping market, it has been recognized as very important to develop an effective policy and strategy for acquiring loyal customers. For this reason, web site designers need to know if a new Internet shopping mall(ISM) will be accepted. Researchers have been working on identifying factors for explaining and predicting user acceptance of an ISM. Some studies, however, revealed inconsistent findings on the antecedents of user acceptance of a website. Lack of consideration for individual differences in user ability is believed to be one of the key reasons for the mixed findings. The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and several studies have suggested that individual differences in ability plays an moderating role on the relationship between the antecedents and user acceptance. Despite the critical role of user ability, little research has examined the role of user ability in the Internet shopping mall context. The purpose of this study is to develop a user acceptance model that consider the moderating role of user ability in the context of Internet shopping. This study was initiated to see the ability of the technology acceptance model(TAM) to explain the acceptance of a specific ISM. According to TAM. which is one of the most influential models for explaining user acceptance of IT, an intention to use IT is determined by usefulness and ease of use. Given that interaction between user and website takes place through web interface, the decisions to accept and continue using an ISM depend on these beliefs. However, TAM neglects to consider the fact that many users would not stick to an ISM until they trust it although they may think it useful and easy to use. The importance of trust for user acceptance of ISM has been raised by the relational views. The relational view emphasizes the trust-building process between the user and ISM, and user's trust on the website is a major determinant of user acceptance. The proposed model extends and integrates the TAM and relational views on user acceptance of ISM by incorporating usefulness, ease of use, and trust. User acceptance is defined as a user's intention to reuse a specific ISM. And user ability is introduced into the model as moderating variable. Here, the user ability is defined as a degree of experiences, knowledge and skills regarding Internet shopping sites. The research model proposes that the ease of use, usefulness and trust of ISM are key determinants of user acceptance. In addition, this paper hypothesizes that the effects of the antecedents(i.e., ease of use, usefulness, and trust) on user acceptance may differ among users. In particular, this paper proposes a moderating effect of a user's ability on the relationship between antecedents with user's intention to reuse. The research model with eleven hypotheses was derived and tested through a survey that involved 470 university students. For each research variable, this paper used measurement items recognized for reliability and widely used in previous research. We slightly modified some items proper to the research context. The reliability and validity of the research variables were tested using the Crobnach's alpha and internal consistency reliability (ICR) values, standard factor loadings of the confirmative factor analysis, and average variance extracted (AVE) values. A LISREL method was used to test the suitability of the research model and its relating six hypotheses. Key findings of the results are summarized in the following. First, TAM's two constructs, ease of use and usefulness directly affect user acceptance. In addition, ease of use indirectly influences user acceptance by affecting trust. This implies that users tend to trust a shopping site and visit repeatedly when they perceive a specific ISM easy to use. Accordingly, designing a shopping site that allows users to navigate with heuristic and minimal clicks for finding information and products within the site is important for improving the site's trust and acceptance. Usefulness, however, was not found to influence trust. Second, among the three belief constructs(ease of use, usefulness, and trust), trust was empirically supported as the most important determinants of user acceptance. This implies that users require trustworthiness from an Internet shopping site to be repeat visitors of an ISM. Providing a sense of safety and eliminating the anxiety of online shoppers in relation to privacy, security, delivery, and product returns are critically important conditions for acquiring repeat visitors. Hence, in addition to usefulness and ease of use as in TAM, trust should be a fundamental determinants of user acceptance in the context of internet shopping. Third, the user's ability on using an Internet shopping site played a moderating role. For users with low ability, ease of use was found to be a more important factors in deciding to reuse the shopping mall, whereas usefulness and trust had more effects on users with high ability. Applying the EML theory to these findings, we can suggest that experienced and knowledgeable ISM users tend to elaborate on such usefulness aspects as efficient and effective shopping performance and trust factors as ability, benevolence, integrity, and predictability of a shopping site before they become repeat visitors of the site. In contrast, novice users tend to rely on the low elaborating features, such as the perceived ease of use. The existence of moderating effects suggests the fact that different individuals evaluate an ISM from different perspectives. The expert users are more interested in the outcome of the visit(usefulness) and trustworthiness(trust) than those novice visitors. The latter evaluate the ISM in a more superficial manner focusing on the novelty of the site and on other instrumental beliefs(ease of use). This is consistent with the insights proposed by the Heuristic-Systematic model. According to the Heuristic-Systematic model. a users act on the principle of minimum effort. Thus, the user considers an ISM heuristically, focusing on those aspects that are easy to process and evaluate(ease of use). When the user has sufficient experience and skills, the user will change to systematic processing, where they will evaluate more complex aspects of the site(its usefulness and trustworthiness). This implies that an ISM has to provide a minimum level of ease of use to make it possible for a user to evaluate its usefulness and trustworthiness. Ease of use is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the acceptance and use of an ISM. Overall, the empirical results generally support the proposed model and identify the moderating effect of the effects of user ability. More detailed interpretations and implications of the findings are discussed. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide directions for future research.