• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2012

목 적: 본 연구는 방사선종양학과에 근무하는 방사선사들의 전문 직업성을 확인하고, 조직몰입, 직무몰입, 직무만족이 전문직업성에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하며, 이들 상호관련성을 분석하여 향후 방사선사들의 전문 직업성 향상을 위한 기초자료로 제공하고자 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구는 2012년 3월 2일부터 3월 30일까지 방사선종양학과에 근무하는 방사선사를 대상으로 E-mail 설문조사를 하였으며, 설문 응답자 272명 대상으로 하였다. 자료는 SPSS 13.0 for Window를 사용하여 분석하였다. 일반적 특성은 빈도, 백분율로 제시하였으며, 일반적 특성과 전문 직업성 차이는 t-test와 ANOVA를, 전문 직업성, 조직/직무몰입, 직무만족과의 상관관계는 Pearson Correlation 계수를 사용하였으며, 관련변인이 전문 직업성에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다단계 다중회귀분석을 적용하여 분석하였다. 결 과: 전문 직업성 정도는 하위영역에서 자체규정에 대한 신념 $17.74{\pm}2.32/3.55{\pm}.46$, 소명의식 $17.58{\pm}2.63/3.52{\pm}.53$, 전문조직의 준거성 $17.14{\pm}2.39/3.43{\pm}.48$, 공적 서비스 $15.97{\pm}2.48/3.19{\pm}.50$, 자율성 $15.68{\pm}2.28/3.14{\pm}.46$점 순의 결과를 보였으며, 전체 평균은 $83.89{\pm}7.63$점(Summation of Items)/$3.37{\pm}.49$점(Numbers of Items)이었다. 일반적 특성과 전문 직업성의 통계적 관계에서는 연령(P<.001), 근무기간(P<.001), 교육수준(P<.05), 월수입(P<.001), 전문방사선사 자격증취득 유무(P<.001), 직위(P<.001), 전문성 발전기회(P<.001) 등이 통계적으로 유의하였다. 조직몰입, 직무 몰입, 직무 만족의 결과는 조직몰입 전체 평균$80.10{\pm}8.15/3.34{\pm}.34$이며, 하위영역에서 정서몰입 $28.64{\pm}4.61/3.58{\pm}.58$, 유지적 몰입 $27.54{\pm}4.22/3.44{\pm}.53$, 규범적 몰입 $23.95{\pm}2.94/2.99{\pm}.37$ 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 직무몰입의 평균점수는 $32.47{\pm}5.77/3.30{\pm}.60$, 직무만족의 평균점수는 $63.39{\pm}10.16/3.17{\pm}.51$점이었다. 전문 직업성과 조직 몰입, 직무 몰입, 직무 만족의 상관관계는 전문 직업성은 조직몰입과 정적인 상관관계(r=.522, P<.05), 직무몰입과 정적 상관관계(r=.444, P<.05), 직무만족과 정적 상관관계(r=.507, P<.05)를 보였으며, 조직몰입은 직무몰입과 정적 상관관계(r=.549, P<.05), 직무만족과 정적 상관관계(r=.433, P<.05)를 보였으며, 직무몰입은 직무만족과 정적 상관관계(r=.462, P<.05)를 나타냈다. 다중회귀분석의 결과를 보면 최종모형은 정서몰입(B=.755, P<.05), 규범적 몰입(B=.305, P<.05), 직무만족(B=.092, P<.05), 전문성발전기회(B=-1.505, P<.05), 직위(B=-1.155, P<.05) 순으로 나타났으며, 미치는 영향을 설명하는 $R^2$=.504로 나타났다. 결 론: 방사선종양학과에 근무하는 방사선사들의 전문 직업성 정도와 미치는 영향 요인의 결과는 정서몰입, 규범몰입, 직무만족이 높을수록 전문 직업성 높으며, 전문성 발전기회가 적고 직위가 낮은 방사선사들에게 좀 더 다양하고 많은 기회가 주어진다면 전문 직업에 대한 의식이 높아질 것으로 생각된다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

本研究的目的是对咖啡店的 "重要性"（顾客在光顾咖啡店以前的感知）和积极或消极的 "满意度"（顾客在光顾咖啡店以后的感受）之间的差距进行分类, 并分析这些差距对对购买行为的影响. 为此, 我使用重要性和满意度之间的差距作为选择咖啡店的解释变量, 并通过使用有序Probit模型（OPM）来实证分析差距对购买行为（整体满意度和愿意到再次光顾）的影响方向和大小. 先前使用IPA的研究评估了差距影响的方向和大小的象限, 但是在分析差距对顾客的影响方面却失败了. 在本研究中, 我评估了积极和消极的差距对顾客满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 通过使用OPM,我量化了积极和消极的差距对顾客整体满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 每个人的支出, 光顾的频率和购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 光顾的频率, 在每人的支出之后, 然后是购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 因此每个人的支出和光顾的频率对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 这一发现意味着一个在咖啡店每次或每周花费5000韩元的顾客的实际的满意度越高（差距), 其整体满意度和愿意去再光顾就越高. 虽然经济效益对总体满意度和愿意去再光顾有显著影响, 但是大专和大学的学生仍然愿意去咖啡馆并愿意消费5000韩元, 因为他们不只是购买咖啡本身而且将咖啡店作为其他活动的场所, 例如工作, 和朋友见面或是放松的地方. 学院和大学的学生还可以在咖啡店通过个人电脑上网, 看电影, 学习, 因此, 咖啡馆应对顾客提供适当的设施和服务. 咖啡店品牌的积极差距对愿意去再光顾有积极的影响表明顾客满意度越高, 顾客越愿意去再光顾. 另一方面, 这一因素的消极差距意味着顾客满意度越低, 顾客再光顾的意愿也越低. 因此, 在本研究中, 与其他评估的因素相比, 品牌因素对满意度有较大的影响. 鉴于国内咖啡文化变得越来越高级, 大专院校的学生对这一趋势也很敏感, 所以学生有很多可选择的品牌. 在韩国最高级的咖啡店, 外墙是玻璃建造的并可以打开, 内部是充满异国情调的开放式厨房. 这些高级咖啡店作为标志的功能复合大专院校学生的品味. 韩国咖啡店已成为一个文化品牌. 从品牌因素来看, 为了让顾客觉得这些咖啡店是高级的, 高质量的设备和提供更好服务的措施应当建立起来. 韩国咖啡馆作为蓬勃发展的行业品牌竞争加剧的结果表明, 提供与竞争对手不同的额外服务是有必要的. 顾客可以免费使用扫描仪. 另一个可以用来提高品牌的战略是提供和经营为集体学习而准备的讨论会议室. 如果咖啡馆采取这些类型的策略, 学院/大学的学生将更有可能认为他们承担的费用是值得的, 随后, 他们将可能更满足这些咖啡馆的品牌, 并更愿意再次光顾. 性别和学习年数对总体满意度和再光顾的意愿有最消极的营销. 女学生比男学生更容易满足和再光顾. 三, 四年级的学生比一, 二年级的学生更容易满足和再光顾. 喝咖啡的学生, 单独在咖啡店看书, 用笔记本电脑是很容易被注意到的. 高年级学生为了有效地利用时间用于自我发展和寻找工作往往独自光顾咖啡店. 从积极的差距来看, 经济效率这一因素对总体满意度和愿意再光顾有最大的影响. 与咖啡价格一起, 学生实际满意度（差距）越高, 总体满意度和再光顾的意愿也越高. 有消极差距的经济效率队再光顾有消极营销的结果表明较小的消极差距可以让再光顾的意愿更高. 在持续恶化的市场环境中, 坐落在大专院校附近的咖啡店采取诸如积分或会员卡, 和信用卡 公司的战略联盟, 发展套餐菜单或季节菜单和免费咖啡服务这些战略来提高竞争力. 就消极差距而言产品功率也有消极的影响, 这表明较高的负差距会导致较低的再光顾的意愿. 因为还有更多的客户比前几十年, 在这十年里更喜欢咖啡, 新一代的客户, 即学院/大学的学生, 希望除了咖啡还有更重菜单项目. 因此, 咖啡店应当增加配菜项目, 如华夫饼, 糕, 蛋糕, 三明治和沙拉. 例如, 星巴克韩国正在努力加强卖草莓糕, 艾草香味, 南瓜产品, 并提供免费的咖啡或奶油. 总而言之, 咖啡馆应注重提高其经济效率, 品牌和产品功率, 以加强大专院校学生的满意度. 由于店铺毗邻学大专院校可享受地缘优势, 就经济效率, 品牌和产品功率而言提供不同的服务, 很可能会提高客户满意度和回访. 咖啡厅的品牌, 因此, 应不断创新和变化, 以满足顾客的愿望. 由于这项研究只是针对在首尔的大专院校的学生, 需要针对不同地区和年龄组的比较研究来概括本研究的结果和建议.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.60-75
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• 1998

The parents have much expectation upon the pregnancy and child birth, and in most cases, they expect the healthy parturient child. However, we can be placed on the high-risk conditions which have the physical, social and immature infant, due to the unexpected results, among the new-born. Accordingly, these high-risk newborn and premature infants will be mostly in NICU, which the concentrated medical treatment can be given, upon their conditions. After their birth and during these periods, they will be divided from the parents, and the nurse will accomplish the bringing-up activities which they can take care of the infant, expected by the parents after their birth. The hospitalization of high-risk newborn including these premature infants is the shocking experience to the parents of family, and thus they can feel the fear and uneasiness, and these reactions of parents are troubled in the behavior at the usual days, and cause the disorder and spiritless status, and these results break the supporting ability of parents, and cause the obstruction. Also, the unavoidable division between the parents and the children as like hospitalization of children can make the parents to feel the alienation emotionally, and this causes the results which the pride on the bringing-up ability of baby gets to be lost. These problems can cause the difficulties on the bonding or the parenting in the further days, and can be related to the neglect and abuse of children. Also, it is gradually increased to study and report which the emotional division by the physical division between the mother and the baby obstructs the normal affection course between the parent and the infant. The stress caused by the birth and the hospitalization of high-risk newborn, as like this, is important in the points which it can uncertainly affect the potential energy for the relationship of parent-child who are finally healthy. Accordingly, the significance and purpose of this study are to understand the contents and degree of stress which the parents of high-risk newborn including the immature child can be experienced from the hospitalization of ICU for their new borns, and thus to offer the basic program to the nursing intervention program for these. The subject of this study is the mother of newborn in NICU of 10 General Hospitals located at the 3one of Pusan, Korea from September 1997 to October 1997, and thus makes the subject of 95 person of parents who agreed to take part in the study and it is descriptive study related to the stress of mother having the newborn in NICU. The method is based on the preceding study related to the stress of mother having the experience of child hospitalization and chronic disease child, and then acquires the advice of specialists group as like 5 nursing professors, and then is amended and supplemented. Total number of questions is 43 items and consists of 5 factors as like medical treatment &nursing procedures, disease status & prognosis, role of parents, communication & inter-personal relationships, hospital environment, and is 5 point Likert Scale. The reliability of this study method is very highly shown to be Cronbach α=0.95. The collected data is analysed as Average, Frequency, Standard Deviation, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Duncan multifulrange test by use of SPSS /PC (V7.5). The results of this study is summarized as under. 1. Every characteristics of subject is which the party of mother is 28.70age(±7.48) in the average ages, 51% in the high-school graduate, 38.5% in the christianity, total monthly income is 212.55 thousand won(±1.971), 74.5% in the housewife, 72.9% in the parents and children together living and the number of children to be 1.48person(± 0.6) in average, the recognition on the prognosis of baby is 74.0% in 'Don't know', the relationship with the husband after the hospitalization of babyis 37.3% in 'More Intimate', the relationship with the family of husband to be 48% in 'No-change', and the degree which is consulted with the husband about the baby is 55% in 'very frequently' and the visiting number per week is 4.59(±1.63) in average and the accompanying person in the time of visiting is which the number of husband is 56.3% and thus is the highest. The characteristics of baby is which the age is 21.88days(±16.47) after the birth in average, the sex to be 50 person in the female 52.1% and the order of birth to be 54.2% in the first chid, and the weight in the birth to be 2770gm(±610) and the height in the birth to be 46.26cm(±7.62) in aver age. The medical diagnosis is 37.5% in the premature infant, the career of hospitalization is 96.9% in 'None', and the operation plan is 90.6% in 'None' and the execution of operation is 88% in 'None' and the nursing of incubator is 55.2% in 'Yes', and the method of feeding is 50.5% in 'Oral' and the contents of feeding is 46.9% in the 'Milk'. 2. The total stress degree of subject is almost highly shown to be as 3.36(±0.86). If it is compared upon each cause, 'stress on disease status & prognosis' is highest 3.79(±1.28), and it is in the order of 'stress on medical treatment & nursing procedures' 3.70(±0.93), 'stress on hospital environment' 3.14(±0.86), 'stress on role of parents' 3.18(±0.92) and 'stress on communication & inter personal relationship' 2.62(± 0.77) 3. As the results of checking the notworthiness of stress degree upon each variable of subject, the variable showing the noted difference was the birth weight(γ=-0.16, P=0.04), birth height(γ=-0.23, P=0.03), nursing in the incubator(F=8.93, P=0.04), feed method(F=2.94, P=0.04). That is to say, it is shown which the smaller the birth weight is, the higher the stress degree of mother is noteworthily. Also, the smaller the birth height baby is, the higher the stress of mother is. In the incubator, it os shown which the mother whose baby is nursing in the incubator is higher in the stress degree than other mothers. Upon the feeding method of baby, that is to say, TPNis the highest, and it is shown in the order of NPO, Tube feeding, and P.O. feeding. When we review the above-mentioned results, as the status is serious, it is thought which we include the supporting nursing for coping with the stress of parents in the setting-up od nursing plan for the baby in the NICU.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.211-232
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• 2014

Recently, there is a growing interest toward social commerce using SNS(Social Networking Service), and the size of its market is also expanding due to popularization of smart phones, tablet PCs and other smart devices. Accordingly, various studies have been attempted but it is shown that most of the previous studies have been conducted from perspectives of the users. The purpose of this study is to derive user-centered CSF(Critical Success Factor) of social commerce from the previous studies and analyze the CSF perception gap between social commerce service providers and users. The CSF perception gap between two groups shows that there is a difference between ideal images the service providers hope for and the actual image the service users have on social commerce companies. This study provides effective improvement directions for social commerce companies by presenting current business problems and its solution plans. For this, This study selected Korea's representative social commerce business Ticket Monster, which is dominant in sales and staff size together with its excellent funding power through M&A by stock exchange with the US social commerce business Living Social with Amazon.com as a shareholder in August, 2011, as a target group of social commerce service provider. we have gathered questionnaires from both service providers and the users from October 22, 2012 until October 31, 2012 to conduct an empirical analysis. We surveyed 160 service providers of Ticket Monster We also surveyed 160 social commerce users who have experienced in using Ticket Monster service. Out of 320 surveys, 20 questionaries which were unfit or undependable were discarded. Consequently the remaining 300(service provider 150, user 150)were used for this empirical study. The statistics were analyzed using SPSS 12.0. Implications of the empirical analysis result of this study are as follows: First of all, There are order differences in the importance of social commerce CSF between two groups. While service providers regard Price Economic as the most important CSF influencing purchasing intention, the users regard 'Trust' as the most important CSF influencing purchasing intention. This means that the service providers have to utilize the unique strong point of social commerce which make the customers be trusted rathe than just focusing on selling product at a discounted price. It means that service Providers need to enhance effective communication skills by using SNS and play a vital role as a trusted adviser who provides curation services and explains the value of products through information filtering. Also, they need to pay attention to preventing consumer damages from deceptive and false advertising. service providers have to create the detailed reward system in case of a consumer damages caused by above problems. It can make strong ties with customers. Second, both service providers and users tend to consider that social commerce CSF influencing purchasing intention are Price Economic, Utility, Trust, and Word of Mouth Effect. Accordingly, it can be learned that users are expecting the benefit from the aspect of prices and economy when using social commerce, and service providers should be able to suggest the individualized discount benefit through diverse methods using social network service. Looking into it from the aspect of usefulness, service providers are required to get users to be cognizant of time-saving, efficiency, and convenience when they are using social commerce. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the usefulness of social commerce through the introduction of a new management strategy, such as intensification of search engine of the Website, facilitation in payment through shopping basket, and package distribution. Trust, as mentioned before, is the most important variable in consumers' mind, so it should definitely be managed for sustainable management. If the trust in social commerce should fall due to consumers' damage case due to false and puffery advertising forgeries, it could have a negative influence on the image of the social commerce industry in general. Instead of advertising with famous celebrities and using a bombastic amount of money on marketing expenses, the social commerce industry should be able to use the word of mouth effect between users by making use of the social network service, the major marketing method of initial social commerce. The word of mouth effect occurring from consumers' spontaneous self-marketer's duty performance can bring not only reduction effect in advertising cost to a service provider but it can also prepare the basis of discounted price suggestion to consumers; in this context, the word of mouth effect should be managed as the CSF of social commerce. Third, Trade safety was not derived as one of the CSF. Recently, with e-commerce like social commerce and Internet shopping increasing in a variety of methods, the importance of trade safety on the Internet also increases, but in this study result, trade safety wasn't evaluated as CSF of social commerce by both groups. This study judges that it's because both service provider groups and user group are perceiving that there is a reliable PG(Payment Gateway) which acts for e-payment of Internet transaction. Accordingly, it is understood that both two groups feel that social commerce can have a corporate identity by website and differentiation in products and services in sales, but don't feel a big difference by business in case of e-payment system. In other words, trade safety should be perceived as natural, basic universal service. Fourth, it's necessary that service providers should intensify the communication with users by making use of social network service which is the major marketing method of social commerce and should be able to use the word of mouth effect between users. The word of mouth effect occurring from consumers' spontaneous self- marketer's duty performance can bring not only reduction effect in advertising cost to a service provider but it can also prepare the basis of discounted price suggestion to consumers. in this context, it is judged that the word of mouth effect should be managed as CSF of social commerce. In this paper, the characteristics of social commerce are limited as five independent variables, however, if an additional study is proceeded with more various independent variables, more in-depth study results will be derived. In addition, this research targets social commerce service providers and the users, however, in the consideration of the fact that social commerce is a two-sided market, drawing CSF through an analysis of perception gap between social commerce service providers and its advertisement clients would be worth to be dealt with in a follow-up study.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.209-237
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• 2012

오늘날의 소비자들은 가격, 제품의 품질 등 실용적 가치 보다 쇼핑의 즐거움, 라이프스타일의 구현, 매력적인 점포쇼핑환경, 브랜드 애착심 등의 정서적 가치를 더 중요하게 생각하고 있다. 이처럼 소비자들은 단순히 상품만을 구매하기보다는 다양한 가치를 얻기 위해 쇼핑을 한다는 사실은 여러 연구에서 제안되었다(안광호와 이하늘 2011; Mathwick 등 2001). 이렇듯 소매점포 선택과 관련한 소비자행동차원의 쇼핑경험가치와 브랜드자산에 대한 중요성과 관심이 높아지고 있지만 관련 연구는 미미한 실정이며 이와 관련한 비교문화적 연구는 매우 미비한 실정이다(황순호 2010). 본 연구는 한국과 중국의 소비자들의 소매점포 선택과 관련한 소비자행동연구의 필요에 의해 시작되었다. 또한 소비자행동분야에서 소비자 경험이 중시되면서 소매점내 쇼핑경험가치에 초점을 맞추었다. 본 연구는 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화적으로 서로 다른 한국과 중국의 소비자들을 대상으로 대형할인점 소매점포에서 고객들이 지각하는 쇼핑 경험가치와 브랜드자산과의 관계를 밝혀내고 이를 통해 점포 충성도와의 관계를 찾아내어 소매점의 쇼핑 경험가치와 관련된 시사점을 찾아내기 위한 국가 간 비교 연구를 시도하였다. 본 연구는 이론적 배경으로 쇼핑가치와 유통브랜드 자산, 그리고 점포 충성도에 대한 이론적 배경을 소개하였으며, 가설 검증을 위한 자료 수집을 위하여 한국과 중국의 대형할인점 고객들을 대상으로 한국과 중국의 대도시 (서울 과 북경) 소비자들을 표본프레임으로 설정하고, 대면 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구의 결과 한중간 소비성향 차이 비교에 대한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국소비자와 중국 소비자 간의 소비성향차이를 검정한 결과 중국 소비자들은 심미적 소비성향과 상징적 소비성향의 평균값이 한국 소비자들에 비해 높게 나타났으며 한국 소비자들은 쾌락적 소비성향이 중국소비자들에 비해 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대형할인점에 대한 한국과 중국의 브랜드 자산 지각에 대한 연구결과 중국에 비해 한국 소비자들이 브랜드 인지와 브랜드 이미지를 모두 높게 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 한국과 중국에서 편의점과 할인점 이용 고객들이 지각하는 소매점에서의 쇼핑경험에 대한 탐색적 요인분석결과 각각의 국가에 따라 각기 다른 쇼핑경험가치가 나타났다. 한국의 할인점에서는 소비자이익 가치, 심미성가치, 유희성 가치가 중요한 쇼핑가치로 도출되었다. 또한 중국의 할인점에서는 유희성 가치, 심미성 가치, 소비자이익 가치, 서비스우수 가치가 중요한 쇼핑경험가치로 도출되었다. 이러한 연구의 목적에 대한 실증적 분석을 바탕으로 한국과 중국의 대형할인점 소비자들의 쇼핑경험가치과 브랜드자산을 바탕으로 한국의 대형할인점에 있어서 경험가치의 이론적 중요성에 관한 새로운 통찰력을 제공하여 주며 충성도 제고에 있어서 브랜드관리의 중요성에 대한 이론적 시사점을 제공하여 준다. 이와 더불어 유통의 국제화 시대에 있어서 대형할인점의 국제화에 요구되는 한국과 중국 간의 고객 가치의 차이점에 대한 비교문화적 관점에서 중요한 실무적 시사점을 제시한다. 즉, 해외유통전략을 실행하는데 있어서 쇼핑가치에 기반한 현지화 전략의 중요성에 대한 시사점을 제시하여 주며 국가차원에서의 차별적 유통전략의 개발 필요성을 제안하여 준다.