• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.730-737
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• 2020

Objective : Spinal degeneration is a progressive disease, worsening over time. Lumbar degenerative disease (LDD) is a major spinal disease in elderly patients. Surgical treatment is considered for medically intractable patients with LDD and reoperation after primary surgery is not uncommon. The surgical outcome is occasionally unpredictable because of comorbidities. In the present study, the relationship between comorbidities and the incidence of reoperation for LDD over time was determined. Methods : The claims data of the health insurance national database were used to identify a cohort of patients who underwent spinal surgery for LDD in 2009. The patients were followed up until 2016. Medical comorbidity was assessed according to the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to identify significant differences in sex, surgery, age, causative disease, and comorbidity. Results : The study cohort included 78241 patients; 10328 patients (13.2%) underwent reoperation during the observation period. The reoperation rate was statistically higher (p<0.01) in males, patients 55-74 years and 65-74 years of age, and patients with decompression or discectomy. Significant association was found between increasing reoperation rate and CCI score (p<0.01). Based on multivariate analysis of comorbidities, the significantly higher reoperation rates were observed in patients with peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary lung disease, peptic ulcer, diabetes, and diabetes complications (p<0.01). Conclusion : The study results indicate the reoperation rate for LDD is associated with patient comorbidities. The comorbidities identified in this study could be helpful in future LDD studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1575-1579
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• 2014

Background: There is a close relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-specific factors and different gastroduodenal diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vacA d1, d2 genotypes in the H pylori isolates from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastritis in East Azerbaijan region, where the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) is high. Strains isolated from this area are likely to be of European ancestry. Materials and Methods: In this study, genotyping of the vacA d region of 115 isolates obtained from patients with different gastrodoudenal diseases was accomplished by PCR methods. In addition to PCR amplification of H pylori 16S rDNA, rapid urease tests or histological examination were used to confirm the presence of H pylori in biopsy specimens. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 19. Results: Of the total of 83 H pylori isolates, 36 (43.4%) contained the d1 allele and 47 (56.6%) were subtype d2. The results of the multiple linear/logistic regression analysis showed high correlation between allele d1 and gastric adenocarcinoma or PUD. Conclusions: This study suggests that the H pylori vacA d1 genotype helps predict risk for gastric adenocarcinoma and PUD in East Azerbaijan, Iran.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.492-499
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• 2008

목 적 : H. pylori의 감염은 세균의 병독 인자, 숙주 인자, 환경 인자가 복합적으로 작용하여 다양한 위장관 병변을 일으킨다. H. pylori의 병리 기전으로 지금까지는 주로 세균의 병독성에 초점을 맞추었으나 최근에는 숙주의 위점막 면역반응이 주목을 받고 있다. 소아는 술, 담배, 약물과 같은 환경 인자의 영향이 적어 연구에 적합한 대상이며 감염 초기를 반영한다는 측면에서 중요한 의의가 있음에도 불구하고 소아에서 위점막 면역반응에 관한 연구가 거의 없다. 이에 H. pylori 감염 소아에서 위점막 림프구를 분석하여 소아에서 H. pylori 감염으로 인한 국소 면역반응의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : H. pylori 양성 소화궤양군 10명, H. pylori 양성 위염군 15명, H. pylori 음성 대조군 20명에서 얻은 위전정부 생검조직에서 hematoxylin-eosin 염색과 modified Giemsa 염색을 시행하여 개정된 시드니 체계에 따라 위염의 정도를 점수화하였다. 위점막에서 림프구 면역표현형을 알기 위해 CD3, CD4, CD8 T세포와 CD20 B세포에 대한 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였으며 점막 고유층에서는 400배 고배율 현미경 하에서 $0.0625m^2$ 당 양성 림프구 수를 기록하였고, 상피세포 내에서는 100개 상피세포 당 양성 림프구 수를 기록하였다. 결 과 : 림프구 침윤은 점막 고유층에서 상피세포 내보다 확연히 많았다. 점막 고유층에서 H. pylori 양성군에서 대조군에 비해 CD3, CD4, CD8 T세포와 CD20 B세포가 유의하게 증가하였고(P<0.01) H. pylori 양성 소화궤양군은 위염군과 달리 대조군에 비해 CD8 T세포가 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.01). 한편, 상피세포 내에서는 H. pylori 양성 소화궤양군과 위염군 모두 대조군에 비해 CD4 T세포가 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.01). H. pylori의 밀도, 다핵형 중성구의 활동성, 만성 염증 정도와 림프구 수는 점막 고유층에서 상피세포 내보다 더 밀접한 상관관계가 있었다. 결 론: H. pylori에 감염된 소아의 국소 면역반응은 주로 위점막 고유층에서 일어나며 T세포와 B세포가 함께 관여하였다. H. pylori 양성 소화궤양군에서 점막 고유층의 CD8 T세포가 유의하게 증가하여 임상질환과 점막면역의 연관성을 추정할 수 있었다. 향후 H. pylori 감염에서 국소 면역반응으로 야기되는 점막 손상, 연령과 인종에 따른 차이, 임상질환과의 연관성 등에 대하여 더 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.825-830
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• 1997

Leukotrienes(LTs) are hewn to act as a mediator provoking tissue response in inflammation. This finding implicates that LTs also play important roles in the pathogenesis of H, pylori-induced gastritis and gastric ulceration. Rebamipide is being currently used as a therapeutics for gastritis and peptic ulcer, but their mechanisms of action have not been known clearly yet. One possibility is that their therapeutic effects are ascribed to interfering with the H. pylori-induced release of LTs from neutrophils and gastric mucosal cells. In the present study, this possibility was tested using $LTB_4$ as the test material in human neutrophils and Kato III cells(gastric adenoma cells as a substitute for gastric mucosal cells). The release of $LTB_4$ from both neutrophils and Kato III cells was time and H. pylori-dose dependent. The maximum release of $LTB_4$ was induced by neutrophils and Kato III cells when these cells incubated with H. pylori $(4.8{\times}10^8\;cells/ml$ for 30min. But in the presence of rebamipide the release of $LTB_4$ from these cells was suppressed in dose dependent manners. The release was completely suppressed at 1.0 mM of rebamipide in neutrophils and 2.0 mM of this drug in Kato III cells, respectively. We also obtained the results that the release of $LTB_4$ was induced by A23187$(Ca^{2+}\;ionophore)$ and the A23187-induced release was also inhibited by rebamipide. It seems that the machanism of action of rebamipide is through its interaction with the level of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$. In view of the roles of $LTB_4$ in inflammatory reaction and the roles of H. pylori in gastritis and peptic ulcer, the effects of this drug observed in this study may contribute to their therapeutic action in these gastric disorders.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1983

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were measured in the serum of 35 normal control subjects and 179 cases of various benign and malignant gastrointestinal diseases. Malignant gastrointestinal tumors include 69 cases of stomach cancer, 24 cases of hepatoma and 33 cases of colorectal cancer. Benign gastrointestinal diseases include 29 cases of peptic ulcer and 24 cases of liver cirrhosis. The results were as followings: 1) Mean serum CEA level in normal control subjects was $6.9{\pm}3.3ng/ml$ and there was; no difference in mean serum CEA level between age and sex difference. 2) In malignant gastrointestinal tumors, mean serum CEA level in colorectal cancer, hepatoma and stomach cancer, were $54.3{\pm}88.9ng/ml,\;62.1{\pm}99.7ng/ml$ respectively. Serum CEA level showed positive rate of 67% in colorectal cancer, 63% in hepatoma and 62% in stomach cancer. There was no difference in mean levels and positivity of serum CEA between these 3 malignant tumor groups. 3) Positivity of serum CEA was 61% in malignant gastrointestinal tumor group in spite of 37% in benign gastrointestinal disease group. In both mean level and positivity of serum CEA, stomach cancer was much higher than peptic ulcer. But there was no difference in mean level and positivity of serum CEA level between hepatoma and liver cirrhosis. 4) In hepatoma serum CEA level showed positive rate of 62.5% and alpha-feto protein showed a rate of 58.3%. 5) Mean serum CEA levels in patients with cancer in rectal, cecal, sigmoid colon, ascending: colon and descending colon were $73.7{\pm}106.7ng/ml,\;69{\pm}84.8ng/ml$, $15.7{\pm}9.1ng/ml,\;7.5{\pm}10.6ng/ml$ and 4.0ng/ml respectively. Positive rate of serum CEA showed 86% in sigmoid. colon cancer, 68% in rectal cancer and 66% in cecal cancer. 6) In considering of histological background, there was no correlation between the degree of differentiation of tumor cell and the serum CEA level in colorectal cancer. According to Duke's classification, the mean serum levels of CEA were $8.8{\pm}11.4ng/ml$ in group A, $15.3{\pm}16.0ng/ml$ in group B and $68.5{\pm}101.5ng/ml$ in group C respectively. Positivity-of serum CEA in group A, Band C were 40%, 50% & 69% respectively. So there was significant correlation between the degree of elevation of serum CEA and tumor extension.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

Hematoma of gastric wall is very rare, and occasionally associated with coagulopathy, trauma, peptic ulcer disease, and therapeutic endoscopy. Ischemic gastric necrosis is also rare because of the abundant anastomotic supply to the stomach, and it is usually associated with surgery and disruption of the major vessels. Endoscopic submucosal injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine (HS-E) is a safe, cost-effective, and widely used therapy for hemostasis but it may cause tissue necrosis and perforation. We describe a case of gastric wall hematoma with oozing bleeding after endoscopic gastric mucosa biopsy in 71-year old woman with chronic renal failure and angina pectoris undergoing anti-platelet medication. We injected a small dose of HS-E (7ml) for controlling oozing bleeding. Two days later, endoscopy showed huge ulcer with necrotic tissue at the site of previously hematoma. Therefore we should pay particular attention for hematoma and mucosal necrosis when performing endoscopic procedure in a patients with high bleeding and atherosclerotic risk.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 1997

Helicobacter pylori(HP) has been implicated as the cause of acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. To date the most successful treatment in eradicating HP is known to be the combination of two or more antibiotics with an anti-ulcer drug. In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activity against two was assessed, when proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), omeprazole and lansoprazole, were added to antibiotics at different concentrations. The assays in the absence of PPIs gave minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) value of 0.63 mg/l for amoxicillin, 4 mg/l for tetracycline, 0.08 mg/l for clarithromycin and 0.16 mg/l for azithromycin. At the concentrations of 125 mg/l, 25 mg/1 and 0.5 mg/l of omeprazole, and the concentrations of 31.25 mg/l, 6.25 mg/l and 1 mg/l of lansoprazole, the MICs of clarithromycin and azithromycin were reduced by $50\%$. Also, lansoprazole at the highest concentration 31.25 mg/l reduced the MIC of amoxicillin by $50\%$, and omeprazole at the highest concentration of 125 mg/l reduced the MIC of tetracycline by $50\%$. In conclusion, the in vitro combination of PPIs and antibiotics led to improvement in the MIC of antibiotics against HP associated gastric disease.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2008

편평태선은 피부와 점막에 발생하는 흔한 만성 염증성 질환으로 정확한 원인은 잘 알려져 있지 않으나 종종 감염과 관련 되어있다. 다양한 박테리아 중 Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori)는 위염, 위 십이지장 궤양 그리고 위암과 관련되어 있다. 위궤양과 구강 궤양들의 조직학적 특징의 유사성을 고려할 때 H. pylori는 구강 점막궤양의 발생과 관련 있음을 추론할 수 있다. 따라서 미란성 구강편평태선의 발생에 H. pylori가 관련 있는지를 조사하기위해 이 연구를 수행하였다. 미란성 구강편평태선을 가진 환자의 타액을 중합효소연쇄반응에 의해 분석한 결과 21명의 환자 중 16명(76.2%)에서 H. pylori가 검출되었고, 대조군은 44명 중 11명(25%)에서 H. pylori가 검출되어 통계적 유의성을 나타내었다(P>0.001). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 타액내 H. pylori는 미란성 구강편평태선의 발생에 원인이 될 수 있음을 추론할 수 있었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.228-232
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• 1997

AU-164 was synthesized as a reversible gastric $H^+/K^+$ ATPase inhibitor, and its effects were tested in various systems. AU-164 inhibited rabbit gastric $H^+/K^+$ ATPase with an $IC_{50}$/ of 9 $\mu$M. On the other hand, AU-164 was a weak inhibitor for dog kidney $Na^+/K^+$ ATPasc, indicating the selectivity for gastric $H^+/K^+$ ATPase. The reversible property of the AU-164-induced inhibition of $H^+/K^+$ ATPase was confirmed by filtering the inhibition mixture through Sephadex G-25M column. In vivo basal acid secretion was also inhibited by AU-164 under the pylorus ligation of Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, AU-164 protected dose dependently gastric lesion induced by ethanol in rats. The $ED_{50}$ value of 62 mg/kg p.o was estimated. These results suggest that AU-164 is a potent, selective and reversible gastric $H^+/K^+$ ATPase inhibitor, and that AU-164 has a potential use for the clinical therapeutics of peptic ulcer disease.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2004

Objective: The aim of this study was to find about relation between Chiljung(七情) and chronic recurrent abdominal pain in children. Methods: It was surveyed the oriental medical book concerning Chiljung(七情) and western medical book concerning Chronic recurrent abdominal pain. Results: Chronic recurrent abdominal pain which is common disorder in children is mostly functional abdominal pain due to stress. The Stress can be defined as spiritual factor which lead to imbalance of body homeostasis in medicine. In oriental medicine, it is considered as Chiljung(七情) disorder. The gastrointestinal disease due to stress are peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic abdominal pain, vomitting etc. In oriental medicine pathology mechanism, it is considered as discord with liver and spleen, depression of spleen-energy. It comes within the category of depression. Children with chronic recurrent abdominal pain is dependent on parents and they have an introspective nature, compulsive idea which is intolerable for failure.