• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objectives : This study aims to clarify the interpretation of the verse "jinyinhuabohetangxia(金銀花薄荷湯下)" in Zhouxuehai(周學海)'s corrective commentary in the Xiaoeryaozhenzhijue(小兒藥證直訣), by examining traditional pediatric texts in relation to the verse. Methods : For each of the three possible interpretations of the instructive phrase for taking herbal formulas-Lonicera flower with peppermint(金銀花+薄荷), gold and silver with peppermint(金銀+薄荷), and gold coin peppermint(金錢薄荷)-applications of these herbs in the various pediatric books were analyzed to determine the most appropriate interpretation. Results & Conclusions : The formulary composition of Liangjingwan(凉驚丸) and Wusewan(五色丸) seems to sufficiently target the pathology of pediatric convulsion(驚癎) and heart malnutrition(心疳). Furthermore, it seems unnecessary to add Lonicera flower(金銀花) to the gastrointestinal fragility(脾胃虛弱) of the malnourished(疳). Some of the herbal formulas in the pediatrics chapter of the Zhengzhizhunsheng(證治准繩) include Lonicera flower(金銀花) to treat only carbuncles(癰腫, 腫毒), while other books do not include it in their formulas. On the other hand, instructions to take water boiled with gold and silver appear in many texts, including the Xiaoeryaozhenzhijue(小兒藥證直訣), and sometimes include gold leaf(金箔) directly in the formula. Descriptions of gold and silver pots with instructions on how to make herbal formulas were found as well, which supports what Zhouxuehai(周學海) commented on the Xiaoeryaozhenzhijue(小兒藥證直訣). Although gold coin peppermint(金錢薄荷) is currently used as Lianqiancao(連錢草) in China, it was difficult to verify its identity as Jinqianbohe(金錢薄荷), which seems to have been recognized as a type of mint in the past. No reported anticonvulsant studies of Lonicera flower(金銀花), gold and silver(金銀), and Lianqiancao(連錢草) were found. Peppermint(薄荷) was ubiquitous in instructions for taking herbal formulas treating pediatric convulsions. Therefore, the instruction to take water boiled with gold and silver, or to take the herbal medicine in water boiled in a gold and silver pot, rather than using Lonicera flower(金銀花), could be considered as an interpretation closer to the original author's intent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.32-37
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• 2000

본 연구는 향의 감성 구조를 밝히고, 향 선호도를 예측하는 감성요인을 규명하며, 향에 대한 자율 신경계 반응을 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 향에 대한 주관적인 감성을 측정하기 위하여, 25개의 감성 형용사로 구성된 향 감성 측정 척도를 개발하였다. 개발된 이 척도를 이용하여 lavender, lemon, rose, jasmin, peppermint의 다섯 가지 향에 대해 대학생 50명을 대상으로 향 감성 평가를 실시하였다 향에 대한 감성 구조는 심미성, 강도, 자연성, 여성성-남성성, 개성, 중량감의 여섯 요인으로 구성되었다. 향에 대한 자율 신경계 반응 측정은 대학생 20명을 대상으로 lavender, lemon, rose, jasmin, peppermint 향에 대해 실시하였다. 향에 대한 자율 신경계 반응 측정 결과, PPG 반응은 남녀 모두 lavender, lemon 향에서 유의미하게 감소하였다. 남자의 경우, PPG 반응은 rose, peppermint 향에서도 유의미하게 감소하였고, SKT 반응은 lavender, jasmin 항에 대해서 유의미하게 증가하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1127-1136
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• 2013

Four rumen-fistulated crossbred beef cattle (Brahman native) were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design experiment to be fed plant herb supplements in their concentrate mixture. The treatments were: without herb supplementation (Control), lemongrass meal supplementation at 100 g/d (L), lemongrass meal supplementation at 100 g/d plus peppermint powder at 10 g/d (LP), and lemongrass meal supplementation at 100 g/d plus peppermint powder at 10 g/d with garlic powder 40 g/d (LPG), respectively. Based on the present study, the DMI and apparent digestibility of DM, OM, aNDF and ADF were not affected by dietary herb supplementation while CP digestibility tended to be decreased by herb supplement. Moreover, $NH_3$-N and BUN were decreased in all herb supplemented treatments and there was a tendency to an increase in ruminal pH in all herb supplemented groups. While there was no change in TVFA and C4 among lemongrass treatments, C2 was decreased in all herb supplemented treatments while C3 was increased. Methane production by calculation was the lowest in the LP and LPG groups. Population sizes of bacteria and protozoa were decreased in all herb supplemented groups, but not fungal zoospores. In all supplemented groups, total viable and proteolytic bacteria were decreased, while amylolytic and cellulolytic bacteria were similar. More importantly, in all herb supplemented groups, there were higher N balances, while there was no difference among treatments on purine derivative (PD) excretion or microbial N. Based on the results above, it could be concluded that there was no negative effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics and nutrient utilization by plant herb supplement, but protozoal population and $CH_4$ production were reduced. Thus, lemongrass alone or in combination with peppermint and garlic powder could be used as feed additives to improve rumen fermentation efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.259-268
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• 2018

The study investigated the efficacy of four different essential oils on the repellent responses of large black chafer (Holotrichia parallela) Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in organic pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) orchards. Cinnamon, pine, peppermint, and eucalyptus oils were used, and the behavioral responses and repellent effects against H. parallela were investigated under laboratory and field conditions. Adult beetle responses to different oils were examined using a Y-tube olfactometer in the laboratory and four absorbent blocks with each oil in the field. The repellent responses rates of H. parallela were 100% for cinnamon oil; however, only 67% of adult beetles avoided peppermint and eucalyptus oil in the Y-tube olfactometer bioassay. In the field tests, the least damage to leaves was observed on trees treated with cinnamon oil, whereas the most damage was observed in the control (non-treated) trees and those treated with peppermint oil, followed by eucalyptus and pine oil. Therefore, cinnamon oil can be used as a repellent to avoid damage form large black chafers in organic pear orchards.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.512-519
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• 1994

To investigate the effects of cultivation on the aroma characteristics of essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), experimental peppermints were cultivated with different treatments of field mulching, soil fertilization, and harvesting time. Aroma characteristics of the different mint oils were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS)/infrared spectroscopy (IR). Growth of peppermint with vinyl muching was faster in the early stage of cultivation, but became almost same in the harvest date. The higher amounts of rainfall and sunshine hour resulted in the better growth of stem and leaf of the peppermint. Contents of menthone in the essential oils from the peppermint cultivated in 1990 increased as harvest date delayed from late June 25 to late July 26 the same period. In 1991 menthone decreased from June 25 to August 5, but l-menthol increased from June 25 to august 5. The results indicated that the sunshing hour affected biosynthesis of the components. Contents of menthofuran increased significantly from early June to late July. The optimum cutting date resulting best oil production was late July 7 in 1991.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 1996

To investigate the characteristics of immobilized peppermint (Mentha piperita) cells, dry cell weight (DCW), change of cell viability, and oil productivity of the immobilized cells were determined. Peppermint cells were immobilized in polyurethane (PU) foams of $5{\times}5{\times}5$ mm and cultured in a shaking flask. The maximum DCW was 2.1 mg per foam piece after 20 days of cultivation and the cell density was approximately 420 mg per flask containing 200 foams in 200 ml medium. For the first five days of cultivation, the cell viability was about 80$%$ and decreased to 70$%$ during 5 to 20 days of cultivation. The maximum oil productivity, 148 mg/l was achieved after 40 days of cultivation. The immobilized cells were also cultivated in a bioreactor, equipped with a round spiral type impeller, containing 2, 400 PU foams. The cell viability after 30 days of cultivation with chitosan as an elicitor in the bioreactor was 67$%$ and DCW was 2.0 mg per foam piece. Though the cell viability was relatively high in the bioreactor system, the oil productivity was relatively lower than that of the flask system.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot on nausea vomiting and anorexia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Method: Study subjects were 30 patients who had experienced nausea and vomiting when they had been hospitalized in K university hospital located in D city after receiving more than two Cisplatin combination chemotherapy treatments. Among them 15 patients were in the experimental group doing aroma oil inhalation and the other 15 patients were in the control group without aroma oil inhalation. The data were collected from February 1, 2002 to May 17, 2002. The data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, $x^2$-test, t-test, Repeated Measures ANOVA. Result: 1) The degree of nausea and vomiting in the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. 2) The degree of anorexia in the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: aroma oil inhalation was effective for relieving patients' nausea vomiting and anorexia receiving chemotherapy. Therefore, it is proposed that aroma oil inhalation should be applied as a supportive nursing arbitration method to relieve patients' nausea vomiting and anorexia who are receiving chemotherapy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.58-71
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• 2013

This paper will study on the films of Chang-dong Lee, focused on , , .These films concentrate on the internal mind of hero and heroine who react actively to social reality around their environment. Also these films share another common thing which retain to strong emotional tie with spectator, based on the sympathy through the identification of hero. , < Peppermint Candy> represent to the mixture of realism and de-realism.. Specially shows the mixture of the realism and fantasy. This Quest for the films of Chang-dong Lee will include discussion of a critical attitude from realism, discussion of de-realism factors, and study of screen fantasy from the respective of psychoanalysis.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.275-284
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of sannamul or herb extract addition to a soybean oil-in-water emulsion during photooxidation in the presence of chlorophyll. Methods: The emulsion mainly consisted of purified soybean oil and citric acid buffer (pH 4.0) at a weight ratio of 4 to 6, with chlorophyll a addition at 6 mg/kg. Ethanol extract of daraesoon, samnamul, basil, or peppermint was selectively added to the emulsion at 400 mg/kg, and emulsions in glass serum bottles were oxidized at $5^{\circ}C$ under 2,600 lux light for 48 hours. Lipid oxidation of the emulsions was evaluated based on determination of headspace oxygen content, peroxide value, and p-anisidine value. Pigments and antioxidants were also monitored. Results: The emulsion with added samnamul extract with high contents of polyphenols and low chlorophyll content showed lower oxygen consumption, peroxide values, and p-anisidine values, whereas basil and peppermint extracts with high chlorophyll contents increased photooxidation. Chlorophylls were degraded during photooxidation of the emulsions, and the degradation rate was highest in the emulsion with added samnamul extract. Conclusion: The high antioxidant activity of samnamul extract in the photooxidation of soybean oil-in-water emulsion could be due to low chlorophyll content, high concentrations of polyphenol compounds in the extract, as well as rapid degradation of chlorophylls during oxidation.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.42-51
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot on nauseaㆍvomiting and anorexia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Method: Study subjects were 30 patients who had experienced nausea and vomiting when they had been hospitalized in K university hospital located in D city to receiving more than two Cisplatin combination chemotherapy. Among them 15 patients were in the experimental group doing aroma oil inhalation and the other 15 patients were in the control group without aroma oil inhalation. The data were collected from February 1, 2002 to May 17, 2002. The data were collected from February 1, 2000 to May 17, 2002. The data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, X2-test, t-test, Repeated Measures ANOVA. Result: 1)The degree of nauseaㆍvomiting on the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. 2)The degree of anorexia on the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: aroma oil inhalation was effective for relieving patients' nauseaㆍvomiting and anorexia receiving chemotherapy. Therefore, it is proposed that aroma oil inhalation should be applied as a supportive nursing arbitration method to relieve patients' nauseaㆍvomiting and anorexia who are receiving chemotherapy.