• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 2013

The effects of dietary Coptis chinensis herb extract (CHE) on growth performance, blood characteristics, nutrient digestibility and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs were investigated in an 18-wk feeding trial. A total of 36 Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire-Duroc pigs with an initial body weight of $20{\pm}1.0$ kg were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment and 2 pigs per pen. A maize-soybean meal-based diet was formulated as a control diet and other treatment diets were supplemented with 0.5, or 1 g CHE/kg, respectively. After the feeding period, meat samples were collected from those pigs that had reached the market BW. During the experimental periods, growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen were unaffected (p>0.05) by the dietary supplementation of CHE. Plasma erythrocytes counts were increased (Linearly, p<0.05) in response to application of CHE at the end of the experiment. Moreover, pigs fed the CHE diets had better (p<0.05) meat color, pH and water holding capacity (WHC) than pigs fed the control diet. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with CHE could increase blood erythrocytes counts and improve meat quality in growing-finishing pigs but not improve growth performance.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

This study was conducted to determine the amount of manure production from Holstein dairy cattle raised in bedded pack barn and the appropriate bedding material removal time. Total six heads of dairy cows (about 715 kg weight) were raised in three pens (two heads per pen) for 62 days. Average daily production of manure containing sawdust bedding was 21.2 kg per head and that of manure excluding bedding was 18.7 kg. Moisture content of bedding materials were significantly increased up to 86% of water holding capacity (WHC) of sawdust during the first 30 days. It kept very stable level after 30 to 50 days. Theoretically, 30 days after adding fresh bedding seems to be proper removal time only based on WHC. On the other hand, from a practical perspective, maximum 50 days after adding new bedding would be fine by comprehensively considering various factors such as bedding material purchasing cost, feeding environment and manure treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.647-651
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• 2005

We studied the external pressure-stable advanced frnge field switching (FFS) pixel design with 3 slit sructue. In this mode, a patterned pixel slit is partitioned into 3 areas, namely, two edges and a center, where the edge slit angle is larger than the center slit angle. Thus the reverse twist region in the pixel edge is reduced comparing to the conventional FFS mode so that the LC dynamics in this region becomes very stable. And also, when the external pressure is applied to the panel at the high voltage, the disclination lines (DLs) were barely intruded into active area. Therefore, the structure is use for the pen based system such as the tablet personal computer (PC), personal digital asistant (PDA).

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.39-50
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• 2016

In this paper, we present a comparative study of spatial domain features for writer identification and verification with different ink width conditions. The existing methods give high error rates, when comparing two handwritten images with different pen types. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to design the feature with different ink width conditions. To address this problem, contour based features were extracted using a chain code method. To improve accuracy at higher levels, we considered histograms of chain code and variance in bins of histogram of chain code as features to discriminate handwriting samples. The system was trained and tested for 1,000 writers with two samples using different writing instruments. The feature performance is tested on our newly created dataset of 4,000 samples. The experimental results show that the histogram of chain code feature is good compared to other methods with false acceptance rate of 11.67%, false rejection rate of 36.70%, average error rates of 24.18%, and average verification accuracy of 75.89% on our new dataset. We also studied the effect of amount of text and dataset size on verification accuracy.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 2005

A PDA has limitation of storage space and inconvenience of Pen-based equipment to input. To solve these problems, this paper implemented that previous Speech Recognition provides using XML(extensile Markup Language) Web Service and PDA Client is possible to use speech command by request Speech Recognition Web Service. This system consists of Mobile Client and Speech Recognition Web Service Provider. The Mobile Client transmits user information and speech data to the Speech Recognition Web Service Provider using DIME(Direct Internet Message Encapsulation). The Speech Recognition Web Service Provider returns recognition results and user name only to an authorized Mobile Client. So We are able to use speech service without installing Speech Recognition or Speech DB in PDA.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.915-922
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• 2002

This paper presents an implementation of an Remote Examination System on Internet using Java and SWING GUI API. The system is consisted of three parts: generating examination part that is Java application, answering questions part that is Java Applet, reviewing results part that is Java Applet. The first part is implemented with the 2-tier client/server architecture and the last two parts is implemented the 3-tier client/server architecture. Database programming is done using Java JDBC API for database independence and portability. This system can be used the evaluation of lectures, and substituted for pen-and-pencil examinations or adopted to survey applications based on Internet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.469.2-469.2
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• 2014

All-solid-state solar cell based on Chloride doped organometallic halide perovskite, (CH3NH3)PbIxCl3-x, has achieved a highly power conversion efficiency (PCE) to over 15% [1] and further improvements are expected up to 20% [2]. In this way, solar cells using novel light absorbing perovskite material are actively being studied as a next generation solar cells. However, making solution-process require high temperature up to $500^{\circ}C$ to form compact hole blocking layer and sinter the mesoporous oxide scaffold layer. Because of this high temperature process, fabrication of flexible solar cells on plastic substrate is still troubleshooting. In this study, we fabricated highly efficient flexible perovskite solar cells with PCE in excess of 11%. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used to deposit dense $TiO_2$ as hole blocking layer on ITO/PEN substrate. The all fabrication process is done at low temperature below $150^{\circ}C$. This work shows that one of the important blueprint for commercial use of perovskite solar cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.451-453
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• 2001

제스쳐(gesture)는 마우스 또는 스타일러스의 난일 표시(single mark)를 이용하여 객체들과 기능들을 식별하는 문서 편집 도구의 강력한 방법들 주 하나이다. 마우스를 위한 제스쳐는 주로 데스크 팁 기반의 환경을 위해 개발되어지고 스타일러스를 위한 제스쳐는 보통 휴대용 컴퓨터를 위해 개발되어진다[2]. 현대는 PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)시스템의 스타일러스를 위한 제스쳐 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다.[3]. 하지만 PDA 시스템에서는 인식에 의한 문자 입력의 보조 도구 정도의 수준에서 제스쳐가 사용되어진다. 본 논문에서는 PDA 시스템에서 사용되는 키보드의 키 역할을 하는 기존의 제스쳐와는 달리 사용자 입력과 제스쳐에 차별을 두지 않고 한 화면에서 직접적이 제스쳐가 가능한 환경을 개발하고 다양한 제스쳐 인식 방법을 제안한다. PDA 시스템에서의 제약을 최소화하기 위해 펜 기반의 입력에서 각 스트록을 간략화시켜 정보를 최소호 한 뒤 각 스트록을 양방향 연결 리스트를 이용해 연결하였다. 제스쳐(gesture)는 삽입, 삭제의 기본적인 것들을 비롯하여 이동, 복사, 붙임과 같은 제스쳐도 포함되어 있다. 제스쳐(gesture)의 인식은 각 스트록의 바운딩 박스와 점들의 위치 정보, 스트록 생성 순서에 기반하여 이루어지기 때문에, 이로 인해 펜 기반의문서 에디터 사용에서 요구되는 다른 제약 없이 오로지 펜만으로 모두 편집 환경을 구현할 수 있다.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2017

Miniature pig (minipig) has been considered as an important laboratory animal in the developmental biotechnology researches with respect to xenotransplantation, stem cell, somatic cell nuclear transfer and embryo transfer. Given that the laboratory minipigs are normally housed at an indoor facility, they pass the time with lying or sleeping unless it is feeding time. Therefore, it is necessary to provide environmental enrichments to satisfy their innate needs and to lessen atypical behaviors caused by stress, on the purpose of welfare. We quantitatively investigated the type of preferable enrichment for the laboratory minipigs as well as its effect on their daily life. They presented a great interest to the pliable pail but a rapid loss of attraction to non-preferable enrichments. When the daily life of the single housed minipigs was quantified based on duration of playing or resting, they were more actively engaged in lively activities in the presence of enrichments. In addition, the provision of enrichments could effectively alleviate the conflicts during group housing when new pen mate was introduced, resulting in reduction of wound cases. We believe the considerations of animal welfare are essential to the conduct of better research because animals in the non-stressful environment will be more physiologically stable and provide more reliable results in the animal experiments.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2014

The goal of this study was to investigate acoustic characteristic of feed anticipating calls of heifers and cows. 6 cows and 6 heifers housed in a pen ($6.0m{\times}10.0m$) which was bedded with sawdust and straw. They were fed a standard ration of commercial concentrate and hay was ad libitum. The calls of heifers and cows were divided into Type 1 and Type 2 which were classified based on the shapes of waveform and spectrograms, respectively. There was difference in the fundamental frequency (P < 0.0001) and $1^{st}$ formant (P < 0.0077) among the calls. Acoustic parameters with the exception of fundamental frequency and $1^{st}$ formant were no difference between cows' calls and heifers' calls (P > 0.05). Duration of cows' calls was lower than that of heifers' calls, whereas the intensity of Type 1 calls was higher than that of Type 2 calls (P > 0.05).